Caucasus hunter-gatherer: Difference between revisions

The Mesolithic/Neolithic Iranian lineage basal to the Caucasus hunter-gatherers are inferred to derive significant amounts of their ancestry from [[Basal Eurasian]] ({{Circa|38–48%}}), with the remainder ancestry being closer to [[Ancient North Eurasian]]s or [[Eastern European Hunter-Gatherer]] (ANE/EHG; {{Circa|52–62%}}). The CHG displayed an additional ANE-like component ({{Circa|10%}}) than the Neolithic Iranians do, suggesting they may have stood in continuous contact with [[Eastern Hunter-Gatherer]]s to their North. The CHG also carry around 20% additional Paleolithic Caucasus/Anatolian ancestry. Lazaridis et. al (2016) models the CHG as a mixture of Neolithic Iranians, [[Western Hunter-Gatherer]]s and Eastern Hunter-Gatherers. In addition, CHG cluster with early Iranian farmers, who significantly do not share alleles with early Levantine farmers.{{sfn|Jones|Gonzalez-Fortes|Connell|Siska|2015}}{{sfn|Lazaridis|Nadel|Rollefson|Merrett|2016}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Almarri |first1=Mohamed A. |last2=Haber |first2=Marc |last3=Lootah |first3=Reem A. |last4=Hallast |first4=Pille |last5=Al Turki |first5=Saeed |last6=Martin |first6=Hilary C. |last7=Xue |first7=Yali |last8=Tyler-Smith |first8=Chris |date=September 2021 |title=The genomic history of the Middle East |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.013 |journal=Cell |volume=184 |issue=18 |pages=4612–4625.e14 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.013 |issn=0092-8674 |pmc=8445022 |pmid=34352227}}</ref>

 

 

At the beginning of the [[Neolithic]], at {{Circa|8000 BC}}, they were probably distributed across western Iran and the Caucasus,{{sfn|Anthony|2009b|p=29}} and people similar to northern Caucasus and Iranian plateau hunter-gatherers arrived before 6000 BC in Pakistan and north-west India.<ref name=":3" /> A roughly equal merger between the CHG and [[Eastern Hunter-Gatherer]]s in the [[Pontic–Caspian steppe]] resulted in the formation of the [[Western Steppe Herders]] (WSHs). The WSHs formed the [[Yamnaya culture]] and subsequently expanded massively throughout Europe during the [[Late Neolithic]] and [[Early Bronze Age]] {{Circa|3000—2000 BC}}.{{sfn|Jeong|Balanovsky|Lukianova|Kahbatkyzy|2019}}