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==Demographics==
By several metrics, including racial and ethnic background, religious affiliation, and percentage of rural and urban divide, Illinois is the most representative of the larger [[demography of the United States]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/illinois-ranks-as-most-normal-state-in-u-s-according-to-washington-post-data-analysis/3436002/ |title=Illinois ranks as 'most normal state' in U.S. according to Washington Post data analysis |department=Illinois |date=2024-05-14 |accessdate=2024-05-15 |language=en-US |publisher=[[WMAQ-TV]] |archive-date=May 15, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515060742/https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/illinois-ranks-as-most-normal-state-in-u-s-according-to-washington-post-data-analysis/3436002/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
Illinois is the most populous state in the [[Midwestern United States|Midwest region]]. Chicago, the [[List of United States cities by population|third-most populous city in the United States]], is the center of the [[Chicago metropolitan area]] or Chicagoland, as this area is nicknamed. Although the Chicago metropolitan area comprises only 9% of the land area of the state, it contains 65% of the state's residents, with 21.4% of Illinois' population living in the city of Chicago itself as of 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Total Population of Illinois, Chicago and Illinois Counties: April 1,1950 to April 1, 2020 |url=https://dph.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/idph/publications/idph/data-and-statistics/vital-statistics/illinois-population-data/County-Census-Population_1950-2020.pdf |website=Illinois Department of Public Health}}</ref> The losses of population anticipated from the 2020 census results do not arise from the Chicago metro area; rather the declines are from the Downstate counties.<ref name="VinickyWhere2020">{{cite news |last=Vinicky |first=Amanda |date=December 23, 2020 |title=Illinois Exodus: Census Data Finds People Continue to Leave State |url=https://news.wttw.com/2020/12/23/illinois-exodus-census-data-finds-people-continue-leave-state |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208014533/https://news.wttw.com/2020/12/23/illinois-exodus-census-data-finds-people-continue-leave-state |archive-date=February 8, 2021 |access-date=February 3, 2021 |work=WTTW |quote=[Demographer] Paral says Chicago and the collar counties aren't to blame. He says from Lake to Will to DeKalb counties are growing – not by a lot – but growing at least. Outside of the Chicago metropolitan area is largely declines.}}</ref> As of the 2020 census, the state's geographic mean [[center of population]] is located at 41° 18′ 43″N 88° 22 23″W in [[Grundy County, Illinois|Grundy County]], about six miles northwest of [[Coal City, Illinois|Coal City]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-28 |title=The ‘center’ of Illinois is likely a spot you’ve never visited |url=https://wgntv.com/news/illinois/the-center-of-illinois-is-likely-a-spot-youve-never-visited/ |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=WGN-TV |language=en-US}}</ref>
=== Race and Ethnicity ===
==== 2020 Census ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Illinois – Racial and Ethnic Composition'''<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
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{{col-end}}
}}]]
The [[United States Census Bureau]] found that the population of Illinois was 12,812,508 in the [[2020 United States Census|2020 United States census]], moving from the fifth-largest state to the sixth-largest state (losing out to Pennsylvania). Illinois' population slightly declined in 2020 from the [[2010 United States Census|2010 United States census]] by just over 18,000 residents and the overall population was quite higher than recent census estimates.<ref>{{cite news |last=Schulte |first=Sarah |title=2020 census results: Illinois loses population, but not from where you'd think |url=https://abc7chicago.com/census-2020-results-illinois-population/10554392/ |access-date=May 12, 2021 |work=ABC7 Chicago |date=April 28, 2021 |archive-date=May 12, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512060025/https://abc7chicago.com/census-2020-results-illinois-population/10554392/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible"; text-align:right; font-size:80%;"
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|}
==== 2022 American Community Survey ====
{| class="cx-linter-tag"
| valign="top" |
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=== Immigration ===
At the 2022 estimates from the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], there were 1,810,100 foreign-born inhabitants of the state or 14.4% of the population, with 37.8% from Mexico or Central America, 31% from Asia, 20.2% from Europe, 4.3% from South America, 4.2% from Africa, 1% from Canada, and 0.2% from Oceania.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B05012 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B05012&geo_ids=04000US17&primary_geo_id=04000US17#valueType%7Cpercentage |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B05006 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B05006&geo_ids=04000US17&primary_geo_id=04000US17#valueType%7Cpercentage |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref> Of the foreign-born population, 53.5% were [[United States nationality law|naturalized U.S. citizens]], and 46.5% were not U.S. citizens.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B05002 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B05002&geo_ids=04000US17&primary_geo_id=04000US17 |access-date=2024-06-28 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref> The top countries of origin for immigrants in Illinois were [[Mexico]], [[India]], [[Poland]], the [[Philippines]] and [[China]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |date=2020 |title=Immigrants in Illinois |url=https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_illinois.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927190155/https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_illinois.pdf |archive-date=Sep 27, 2023 |publisher=American Immigration Council}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Place of Birth
!Population<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B05002 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B05002&geo_ids=04000US17&primary_geo_id=04000US17#valueType%7Cestimate |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B05006 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B05006&geo_ids=04000US17&primary_geo_id=04000US17#valueType%7Cestimate |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref>
!% of Total
|-
!United States
!10,660,218
!84.7%
|-
|Illinois
|8,379,091
|66.6%
|-
|Other States or D.C.
|2,227,917
|17.7%
|-
|Puerto Rico
|50,577
|0.4%
|-
|Other US Territories
|2,633
|0.0%
|-
!Born abroad to
American parents
!111,714
!0.9%
|-
!Mexico &
Central America
!683,766
!5.4%
|-
|Mexico
|621,541
|4.9%
|-
|Guatemala
|22,886
|0.2%
|-
|Honduras
|13,811
|0.1%
|-
|El Salvador
|12,097
|0.1%
|-
|Belize
|7,150
|0.1%
|-
|Other Central American
countries
|6,281
|0.0%
|-
!Caribbean
<small>(Not including Puerto Rico)</small>
!25,258
!0.2%
|-
|Cuba
|6,955
|0.1%
|-
|Jamaica
|6,873
|0.1%
|-
|Haiti
|5,265
|0.0%
|-
|Other Caribbean countries
|6,165
|0.0%
|-
!South America
!17,775
!0.1%
|-
|Colombia
|22,796
|0.2%
|-
|Venezuela
|15,387
|0.1%
|-
|Ecuador
|14,356
|0.1%
|-
|Brazil
|9,164
|0.1%
|-
|Peru
|6,426
|0.1%
|-
|Other South American
countries
|8,815
|0.1%
|-
!Northern America
!17,775
!0.1%
|-
|Canada
|17,632
|0.1%
|-
|Other Northern American
countries
|143
|0.0%
|-
!Eastern Europe
!271,358
!2.2%
|-
|Poland
|120,473
|1.0%
|-
|Ukraine
|33,575
|0.3%
|-
|Romania
|15,452
|0.1%
|-
|Russia
|14,930
|0.1%
|-
|Bulgaria
|13,464
|0.1%
|-
|Bosnia & Herzegovina
|11,071
|0.1%
|-
|Other Eastern European
countries
|62,393
|0.5%
|-
!Western Europe
!30,076
!0.3%
|-
|Germany
|19,611
|0.2%
|-
|Other Western European
countries
|10,465
|0.1%
|-
!Southern Europe
!34,997
!0.3%
|-
|Italy
|18,660
|0.1%
|-
|Greece
|12,463
|0.1%
|-
|Other Southern European
countries
|3,874
|0.0%
|-
!Northern Europe
!27,573
!1.1%
|-
|United Kingdom
<small>(Including overseas [[Crown Dependencies|Crown]]</small>
<small>[[Crown Dependencies|Dependencies]])</small>
|19,123
|0.2%
|-
|Ireland
|5,465
|0.0%
|-
|Other Northern European
countries
|2,985
|0.0%
|-
!Europe, unspecified
country of origin
!1,353
!0.0%
|-
!East Asia
!137,098
!1.1%
|-
|China
|77,933
|0.7%
|-
|Korea (North & South)
|37,662
|0.3%
|-
|Japan
|9,905
|0.1%
|-
|Taiwan
|8,995
|0.1%
|-
|Other East Asian
countries
|2,603
|0.0%
|-
!South or Central
Asia
!231,775
!1.8%
|-
|India
|173,578
|1.4%
|-
|Pakistan
|29,823
|0.2%
|-
|Bangladesh
|5,858
|0.0%
|-
|Other South or Central
Asian countries
|22,516
|0.2%
|-
!Southeast Asia
!131,684
!1.0%
|-
|Philippines
|92,569
|0.7%
|-
|Vietnam
|18,559
|0.1%
|-
|Thailand
|5,268
|0.0%
|-
|Other Southeast Asian
countries
|15,288
|0.1%
|-
!West Asia
!52,352
!0.4%
|-
|Iraq
|13,341
|0.1%
|-
|Jordan
|8,240
|0.1%
|-
|Syria
|8,130
|0.1%
|-
|Turkey
|5,271
|0.0%
|-
|Other West Asian
countries
|17,370
|0.1%
|-
!Asia, unspecified
country of origin
!8,366
!0.1%
|-
!Sub-Saharan Africa
!63,590
!0.6%
|-
|Nigeria
|22,648
|0.2%
|-
|Ghana
|6,018
|0.0%
|-
|Ethiopia
|5,069
|0.0%
|-
|Other Sub-Saharan African
countries
|29,855
|0.3%
|-
!North Africa
!11,924
!0.1%
|-
!Africa, unspecified
country of origin
!2,368
!0.0%
|-
!Oceania
!4,211
!0.0%
|-
!Total Population
!'''12,582,032'''
!100%
|}
=== Age and sex ===
| |||