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=== Science and the Quran ===
{{Main|Commission on Scientific Signs in the Quran and Sunnah}}
According to [[M. Shamsher Ali]], there are around 750 verses in the Quran dealing with natural phenomena and many verses of the Quran ask mankind to study nature, and this has been interpreted to mean an encouragement for scientific inquiry,<ref name=Leaman>{{cite book | chapter=Science and the Qur'an |title=The Qurʼan: An Encyclopedia |chapter-url=http://www.encyclopedias.biz/dw/Encyclopedia%20of%20Quran.pdf |editor=Oliver Leaman |page=572 |last1=Ali |first1=Shamsher |access-date=13 May 2018}}</ref> and of the truth. Some include, “Travel throughout the earth and see how He brings life into being” ([[Q29:20]]), “Behold in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of night and day, there are indeed signs for men of understanding ...” ([[Q3:190]]) The astrophysicist [[Nidhal Guessoum]] writes: "The Qur'an draws attention to the danger of conjecturing without evidence (''And follow not that of which you have not the knowledge of...'' [[Q17:36|17:36]]) and in several different verses asks Muslims to require proofs (''Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful'' [[Q2:111|2:111]])." He associates some scientific contradictions that can be seen in the Quran with a superficial reading of the Quran.<ref name="Guessoum-2008-413">{{cite journal |last1=Guessoum |first1=Nidhal |title=The QUR'AN, SCIENCE, AND THE (RELATED) CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM DISCOURSE |journal=Zygon |date=June 2008 |volume=43 |issue=2 |page=413 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9744.2008.00925.x |url=https://www.academia.edu/1447032 |access-date=15 April 2019 |issn=0591-2385|doi-access=free }}</ref>
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