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[[File:CLS diploma.jpg|thumb|Juris Doctor diploma conferred by [[Columbia Law School]]|292x292px]]
A '''Juris Doctor''', '''Doctor of Jurisprudence''',<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=The Doctor of Jurisprudence (JD) Degree |url=https://law.stanford.edu/office-of-student-affairs/the-doctor-of-jurisprudence-jd-degree/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706191250/https://law.stanford.edu/office-of-student-affairs/the-doctor-of-jurisprudence-jd-degree/ |archive-date=6 July 2022 |access-date=2023-04-09 |website=Stanford Law School |language=en}}</ref> or '''Doctor of Law<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=The Law School > Academic Catalog {{!}} The University of Chicago |url=http://graduateannouncements.uchicago.edu/graduate/lawschool/ |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=Graduate Announcements, The University of Chicago |language=en |archive-date=15 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230615201522/http://graduateannouncements.uchicago.edu/graduate/lawschool/ |url-status=live }}</ref>''' ('''JD''') is a graduate-entry [[professional degree]] that primarily prepares individuals to practice [[law]]. In the [[United States]], it is the only qualifying law degree, while other jurisdictions, such as [[Australia]], [[Canada]], and [[Hong Kong]], offer both the postgraduate JD degree as well as the undergraduate [[LL.B.]], [[Bachelor of Civil Law|BCL]], or other qualifying law degree depending on the requirements of the jurisdiction where the person will practice law.
Originating in the United States in the late 19th century, the JD is the most common law degree in the country. The degree generally requires three years of full-time study to complete and is conferred upon students who have successfully completed coursework and practical training in legal studies. The JD curriculum typically includes fundamental legal subjects such as constitutional law, civil procedure, criminal law, contracts, property, and torts, along with opportunities for specialization in areas like international law, corporate law, or public policy. Upon receiving a JD, graduates must pass a bar examination to be licensed to practice law. The [[American Bar Association]] does not allow an accredited JD degree to be issued in less than two years of law school studies.<ref name="uwsl2008">{{cite web |title=JD Program & Policies |url=http://www.law.washington.edu/students/academics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923205607/http://www.law.washington.edu/students/academics/ |archive-date=23 September 2008 |access-date=2 September 2008 |publisher=[[University of Washington School of Law]]}}</ref><ref name="russo2004">
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