Oryol: Difference between revisions

Oryol was founded at the behest of Ivan the Terrible in 1566, in the area between the Oka and Orlik rivers. Little information exists about its early history; the earliest data available refers to 1636, when the city was rebuilt after its destruction during the [[Time of Troubles]]. According to historian T. G. Svistunova, the 16th-century Oryol fortress had three lines of fortifications and consisted of a city, an [[Ostrog (fortress)|ostrog]] and a [[posad]] surrounded by gaps. The city housed a cathedral, a [[voivode]]'s (warlord or military leader's) house, government buildings and courts for the [[boyar]] children; the prison consisted of gunners' yards, a blacksmith, and two parish churches near the prison towers. In the posad was a [[sloboda (settlement)|sloboda]]. In 1636, Oryol was rebuilt by the voivode B. Koltovsky; it expanded with annexation of land beyond the Oka. Oryol remained a fortress city with a corresponding garrison; Pushkarskaya Sloboda was still located in the prison, boyar children and nobles settled on the left bank of the Orlik, and a Cossack sloboda developed near the Oka. Oryol lost its military character after the 1689 fire, when the partially-burned city fortress was not rebuilt.<ref>{{cite webcn|urldate=https://lenta.ru/tags/geo/orel/|title=ОРЕЛJuly — последние новости|date=2022-12-22|accessdate=2023-11-01|language=ru|publisher=Lenta2024}}</ref>