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'''Christianity in Dagestan''' ranks second in [[Dagestan]] in terms of the number of its followers after [[Islam]].
There are Christian ([[Eastern Orthodoxy]], [[Protestantism|Protestant]] and [[Catholicity|Catholic]]) religious organizations operating in Dagestan.
Of the 40 Christian organizations operating as of March 1, 2005, 12 belong to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]].<ref name='Confessional'>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110515153034/http://www.idksn.ru/book4.php Confessional relations in modern Dagestan]</ref>
The position of Christianity, especially [[Orthodoxy]], in Dagestan was significantly influenced by the migration and demographic processes that took place in the second half of the 20th century. Over the past 40 years, the number of peoples professing Christianity in Dagestan has been steadily declining.<ref name='Confessional' />
The Christian mission in Dagestan periodically faces great difficulties, and some preachers are endangered or simply killed. Protestant missionaries and Orthodox missionaries are exposed to a similar danger.<ref name = 'endangered'>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180411174555/https://www.protestant.ru/news/prosecution/ofchristians/article/65660 Arthur Suleymanov and the Christian education of the peoples of Dagestan]</ref>
[[File:Церковь Святого Знамения Божьей Матери г. Хасавюрт.JPG|thumb|right|[[Cathedral of Our Lady of the Sign (Khasavyurt)|Cathedral of Our Lady of the Sign]], [[Khasavyurt]]]]
==History of Christianity in Dagestan==
The history of Christianity in
===Early period===
From the first centuries of our era until the 15th century, Christianity of various movements constantly penetrated Dagestan. The central regions of the spread of faith for the [[Monophysitism|Monophysites]] of Southern Dagestan were the [[Gregorids]] communities of Eastern [[South Caucasus|Transcaucasia]], for Catholics - the Italian colonies of the [[Crimea]] and the [[Pryazovia]] region, for the
Earlier the preachers of Christianity in Dagestan were predominantly [[Albanians]] and [[Georgians]] missionaries, but in the 8th century the spread of [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] Orthodoxy began. The lands of the [[Khanate]] were united into the [[Goths]] [[diocese]], which was under the [[omophorion]] of the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople|Patriarch of Constantinople]] and headed by the metropolitan, whose see was in the city of Dolos (Crimea).
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In 780, the Gothic diocese included seven bishoprics, including [[Huns]] - in Dagestan. After the uprising of the [[Crimean Goths]] in 787, relations between the two powers cooled, and the [[Khagan]] abolished the Gothic diocese. Simultaneously with the Byzantine missionaries, Syrian [[Nestorianism|Nestorians]] actively preached Christianity in the [[Caspian Sea|Caspian]] region. The position of Nestorianism remained quite strong for several more centuries. Some Dagestan and Khazar Christians remained committed to the [[Church of Caucasian Albania]], and south of [[Derbent]], in the ancient [[Albania]] lands, [[Grigoris (catholicos)]] was the dominant religion, which even captured [[Iranian peoples|Persian]] colonists and some [[Lezgins]] tribes.<ref name='Khanbabaev'>K.M. Khanbabaev [https://ive1875.narod.ru/texts/Other/Hanbabaev.htm Christianity in Dagestan in the IV-XVIII centuries.]</ref>
In the 13th century, the position of Christianity in Dagestan, in Albania and certain regions of Southern Dagestan ([[Tabasaransky District]]), was quite strong. From the beginning of the 14th century, Christianity lost its importance in the [[Avar Khanate]], and during the invasion of [[Timur]] in 1395-1396 and the collapse of the centralized kingdom of Georgia, Orthodoxy here gradually gave way to
===18 - early 20 centuries===
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[[File:Храм Александра-Невского.jpg|thumb|left|Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, [[Makhachkala|Port-Petrovsk]], circa 1900-1910]]
===Russian period===
From 1998 to 2011, all parishes of the Russian Orthodox Church located in the Republic of Dagestan belonged to the [[Diocese of Baku and Azerbaijan]]. Since March 22, 2011, they have become part of the newly formed Vladikavkaz Diocese and [[Diocese of Makhachkala]] of the Russian Orthodox Church.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110324224029/http://www.patriarchia.ru/db/text/1434889.html New dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church were formed in the North Caucasus]</ref> In February 2013, the Diocese of Makhachkala became independent. The territory is divided into two dioceses - Makhachkala and Kizlyar and includes 18 churches and chapel and 1 monastery.<ref name='Khanbabaev1' />
Since 1990, 8 churches have been rebuilt in Kizlyar, [[Akhty]], [[Buynaksk]], [[Izberbash]], [[Koktyubey]], [[Talovka, Republic of Dagestan|Talovka]], [[Terekli-Mekteb]] and [[Komsomolsky, Republic of Dagestan|Komsomolsky]]. The destroyed Cathedral of St. George the Victorious in Kizlyar was restored. In 2000, the [[Cathedral of the Assumption of Makhachkala]] was granted the status of a cathedral. And in 2005, to the centenary of the cathedral, its restoration was carried out. Restoration works are being carried out in the Armenian church of St. Gregory in the village of [[Nyugdi, Russia|Nyugdi]], Derbent region.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160918010352/http://yerkramas.do.am/news/pochitanie_svjatogo_grigorisa_tradicija_skvoz_stoletija_fotoreportazh/2009-09-08-10138 Veneration of Saint Gregoris - a tradition through the centuries]</ref>
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Protestant communities appeared in Dagestan only at the beginning of the 20th century. Their first representatives were [[Adventism|Adventists]] and [[Lutheranism|Lutherans]] in the former German farm of Shenfeld, in the Babayurtovsky District.
Faced with persecution during the Soviet years, they survived and continue to operate today. Currently, Protestantism in the republic faces resistance from both the authorities and extremists. On July 15, 2010, in Makhachkala, near a house of prayer, Pentecostal pastor was shot in the head.<ref
== References ==
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