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Citation bot (talk | contribs) Altered title. Add: authors 1-1. Removed URL that duplicated identifier. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Corvus | #UCB_Category 53/57 |
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{{okina}}Alalā select habitat with ample cover and prefer areas with a large proportion of native plants for food and shelter.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Giffin |first1=Jon G. |last2=Scott |first2=J. Michael |last3=Mountainspring |first3=Stephen |date=1987 |title=Habitat Selection and Management of the Hawaiian Crow |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3801038 |journal=The Journal of Wildlife Management |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=485–494 |doi=10.2307/3801038 |jstor=3801038 |issn=0022-541X}}</ref> Polynesian and European farmers removed dry, lowland forest, restricting the {{okina}}alalā to forest at higher elevation. After settlement by Europeans, the higher elevation forest was also compromised by extensive logging and ranching, and farm animals such as [[cattle]], [[pig]]s, [[sheep]], and [[goat]]s being allowed to graze freely in these areas.<ref name="FactSheet" />
Ancient Polynesian cultures valued {{okina}}alalā feathers for use in ''[[kāhili]]'' and for decorating [[Cult image|idols]] used during the [[Makahiki]] season. For this purpose, professional birdcatchers (known as ''kia manu'') working for [[House of Kamehameha|King Kamehameha]] or [[Aliʻi|local priests]] (''ali'i'') were known to snare and hunt {{okina}}alalā with poles.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pérez |first=Francisco L. |date=December 2021 |title=The Silent Forest: Impact of Bird Hunting by Prehistoric Polynesians on the Decline and Disappearance of Native Avifauna in Hawai'i |journal=Geographies |language=en |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=192–216 |doi=10.3390/geographies1030012 |doi-access=free |issn=2673-7086}}</ref>
{{okina}}Alalā were also shot for sport by European colonizers. Though hunting native birds was illegal at the time, {{okina}}alalā [[Poaching|continued to be shot]] throughout the 1980s, according to conservationists.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Van Riper |first1=Charles |last2=Scott |first2=J. Michael |date=2001 |title=Limiting factors affecting Hawaiian native birds |url=https://sora.unm.edu/node/87 |journal=[[Studies in Avian Biology]] |issue=22 |pages=221–223}}</ref>
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