Tuskegee Airmen: Difference between revisions

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Added President Biden recognition of Tuskegee Airmen Commemoration Day.
Changed "are" to "was" in the first sentence, as the Tuskegee Airmen existed 1940–1948, so the group hasn't been active for 75 years.
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The '''Tuskegee Airmen''' {{IPAc-en|t|ʌ|s|ˈ|k|iː|ɡ|iː}}<ref>See [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Tuskegee "Pronunciation of Tuskegee"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130014940/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Tuskegee |date=30 November 2021 }}, thefreedictionary.com; retrieved 3 October 2010.</ref> arewas a group of [[African American]] military pilots (fighter and bomber) and airmen who fought in [[World War II]]. They formed the [[332nd Fighter Group]] and the [[477th Fighter Group|477th Bombardment Group (Medium)]] of the [[United States Army Air Forces]] (USAAF). The name also applies to the navigators, bombardiers, mechanics, instructors, crew chiefs, nurses, cooks, and other support personnel. The Tuskegee airmen received praise for their excellent combat record earned while protecting American bombers from enemy fighters. The group was awarded three [[Distinguished Unit Citation]]s.
 
All black military pilots who trained in the United States trained at Griel Field, Kennedy Field, [[Moton Field]], Shorter Field, and the Tuskegee Army Air Fields.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|last=Haulman|first=Daniel L.|date=June 2014|title=The Tuskegee Airmen Airfields|journal=Air Force Magazine|page=63}}</ref> They were educated at the [[Tuskegee University|Tuskegee Institute]] (now Tuskegee University), located near [[Tuskegee, Alabama]]. Of the 922 pilots, five were [[Haitians]] from the [[Armed Forces of Haiti|Haitian Air Force]] and one pilot was from [[Trinidad]].<ref>[http://www.tuskegee.edu/about_us/legacy_of_fame/tuskegee_airmen/tuskegee_airmen_pilot_listing.aspx "Tuskegee Airmen Pilot Listing"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203000349/http://www.tuskegee.edu/about_us/legacy_of_fame/tuskegee_airmen/tuskegee_airmen_pilot_listing.aspx |date=3 December 2013}}, tuskegee.edu; retrieved 13 May 2014.</ref> It also included an airman born in the [[Dominican Republic]] and one born in [[Jamaica]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/11/unknown-latino-tuskegee-airman-discovered/433479/|title=An Unknown Latino Tuskegee Airman Has Been Discovered|first=Juleyka Lantigua-Williams, National|last=Journal|date=5 November 2015|website=The Atlantic|access-date=22 June 2019|archive-date=8 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408173241/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/11/unknown-latino-tuskegee-airman-discovered/433479/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>https://staging.jamaicans.com/7-things-to-know-about-the-jamaican-born-tuskegee-airman-lt-victor-terrelonge/</ref>