Indigenous music of Canada: Difference between revisions

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[[Wood carving|Hand carved]] wooden flutes and [[whistle]]s are less common than drums, but are also a part of First Nations traditional music. [[Ojibwe|Chippewa]] men played flutes to serenade girlfriends and to soothe themselves and others during hard times. The [[Cree]], [[Iroquois]] and [[Maliseet]] made and used whistles. Archaeologists have found evidence that both wooden whistles and flutes were used by the [[Beothuk]], an extinct tribe who lived in [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]] until the early days of European settlement. The [[human voice]] is the primary [[musical instrument|instrument]] of all First Nations. As it is in most [[ancient music]], singing is the heart of First Nations traditions. Every song had an original owner. Songs belonged to a society, [[clan]], [[Ritual|rite]], [[ceremony]], or [[individual]]. In some cultures, one could buy the right to sing a song owned by an individual. The original owner would then teach the buyer to sing the song. Many traditional songs are still sung by First Nations people who follow traditional ways.
 
Many artists also now combine First Nations and Inuit music with mainstream [[popular music]] genres such as [[country music|country]], rock, [[Canadian hip hop|hip hop]] or [[electronic dance music]].<ref>[https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hZfaVTdDdHtQbfTS6_8iqJRCHDVA "Inuit pop, Algonquin rap, Innu reggae aim for mainstream"]. [[Agence France-Presse]], 8 October 2009.</ref> Between 2014 and 2018, theThe [[Polaris Music Prize]] hasof been2014 wonwent three times by First Nations or Inuit musicians;to [[Tanya Tagaq]] won in 2014 for ''[[Animism (Tanya Tagaq album)|Animism]]'', [[Buffyand Sainte-Marie]]of won2018 inwent 2015 for ''[[Power in the Blood (Buffy Sainte-Marie album)|Power in the Blood]]'', andto [[Jeremy Dutcher]] won in 2018 for ''[[Wolastoqiyik Lintuwakonawa]]''. (The 2017 Polaris went to [[Lido Pimienta]], who won in 2017 for ''[[La Papessa (album)|La Papessa]]'',; Pimienta is also of South American indigenous descent. The 2015 Polaris went to [[Buffy Sainte-Marie]] for ''[[Power in the Blood (Buffy Sainte-Marie album)|Power in the Blood]]''. Sainte-Marie claimed First Nations heritage at the time, though investigative reporting in 2023 would contest this claim.)
 
The compilation album ''[[Native North America, Vol. 1]]'', released by [[Light in the Attic Records]] in 2014, collects many rare and out-of-print songs by First Nations and Inuit musicians from the era in which the rock and country and folk genres were beginning to emerge as influences on Indigenous music.<ref name=exclaim>[http://exclaim.ca/Music/article/light_in_attic_sets_out_to_unearth_forgotten_history_of_first_nations_music_with_native_north_america_compilation "Light in the Attic Unearths the Forgotten History of First Nations Music with 'Native North America' Compilation"]. ''[[Exclaim!]]'', 8 October 2014.</ref>