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{{Short description|Russian strategic-level special operations command}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name =
| native_name = Силы специальных операций<br>''Sily spetsial'nykh operatsiy''
| image = Great emblem of the Special Operations Forces.svg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Emblem of the
| start_date = 2009
| country = {{flagu|Russia}}
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The '''Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation''', commonly known as the '''Special Operations Forces''' (SOF; {{lang-rus|Силы специальных операций; ССО|Sily spetsial’nykh operatsiy; SSO}}),<ref>{{cite web|title=Силы специальных операций (ССО)|url= http://encyclopedia.mil.ru/encyclopedia/dictionary/details_rvsn.htm?id=14234@morfDictionary|website=Ministry of Defense of Russia|access-date=22 September 2017|language=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906142614/http://encyclopedia.mil.ru/encyclopedia/dictionary/details_rvsn.htm?id=14234@morfDictionary|archive-date=2017-09-06|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CANSOFCOM">{{cite book|last1=Marsh|first1=Christopher|title=Developments in Russian Special Operations - Russia's Spetsnaz, SOF and Special Operations Forces Command|date=2017|publisher=Canadian Special Operations Forces Command|location=Ottawa, Ontario|isbn=9780660073538|series=CANSOFCOM Education & Research Centre Monograph Series |url=http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/mdn-dnd/D4-10-21-2017-eng.pdf|access-date=22 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019025845/http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/mdn-dnd/D4-10-21-2017-eng.pdf|archive-date=2017-10-19|url-status=live}}</ref> are strategic-level [[special forces]] under the '''Special Operations Forces Command''' ({{lang-rus|командование сил специальных операций; KCCO|Komandovanie sil spetsial’nykh operatsii; KSSO or KSO}})<ref name="CANSOFCOM" /> of the [[General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation|General Staff]]<ref name="CANSOFCOM" /> of the [[Russian Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] of the [[Russian Federation]]. It is also a structural and an independent unit of the Armed Forces.
The first units of what would become the
SOF are distinct from the [[Spetsnaz GRU]] that until 2010 were under the [[GRU (G.U.)|Main Intelligence Directorate]] and whose subsequent subordination was left unclear<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/russia/spetsnaz-orbat.htm|title=Spetsnaz Order of Battle|author=John Pike|access-date=31 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910210020/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/russia/spetsnaz-orbat.htm|archive-date=2015-09-10|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="riaden" /> until 2013 where the decision was reversed and GRU special forces units were reassigned to GRU divisions and placed under GRU authority again.<ref name="McDermott">{{cite news|last=McDermott |first=Roger |url=http://www.jamestown.org/programs/edm/single/?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=37119&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D=484&no_cache=1 |title=Bat or Mouse? The Strange Case of Reforming Spetsnaz |newspaper=Jamestown |publisher=Jamestown.org|date=2 November 2010|access-date=2014-08-19}}</ref> Russia's SOF are manned exclusively by professional personnel hired on contract, of which all are full-time servicemen consisting of [[Officer (armed forces)|commissioned officer]]s and regular soldiers.<ref name="riaden" />
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