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Construction on the new building began in 1855, but only the front portion was finished. The rear hall, intended to be designed by [[Charles Webb (architect)|Charles Webb]], was deferred until 1871 and ultimately completed in 1872.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book | author1=Ziegler, Edith Miriam | title=The worlds and work of Clarice Beckett | year=2022 | page=83|publication-date=2022 | publisher=Arcadia | isbn=978-1-922669-33-9}}</ref> Alfred Smith served as the architect, while Turnbull and Dick were the builders. The Institution changed its name to the Melbourne Athenaeum in 1872<ref name="History forum">{{cite web |title=175 years of the Melbourne Athenaeum Library – where to from here? Paper presented at the Library History Forum, State Library of NSW, November 2014. |url=http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/services/public_libraries/docs/ALHF2014_RoseBlustein.pdf |access-date=12 January 2015 |publisher=State Library of New South Wales}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=27 January 1921 |title=MELBOURNE ATHENAEUM. |page=9 |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |publisher=National Library of Australia |location=Melbourne |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1734232 |access-date=12 January 2015}}</ref> During the period when its own church was being reconstructed, [[Scots' Church, Melbourne|Scots Church]] utilized the premises as its temporary location.
Among the office bearers of the institution in the nineteenth century was the author [[Marcus Clarke]] who was the chairman of the library committee in 1877.<ref>[https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/233674323/25298055 ''The Argus'', 6 March 1877, p.10.]</ref> As now, a focal point was the library and by 1877, membership was 1,681 and in 1879 there were 30,000 visits to the library. In 1880 it was reported 'that the floor of the large hall was the only one in Melbourne expressly constructed for dancing'. The remodeled facade was finally concluded in 1886. The statue of Minerva, which was modelled by Richard Kretzschmar on that at the [[Vatican City|Vatican]], was funded through Alderman Thomas
===Theatre and cinema===
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