Slavery in Somalia: Difference between revisions

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On an individual basis, Oromo subjects were not viewed as racially ''jareer'' by their Somali captors.<ref name="USRCLS2"/> The Oromo captives also mostly consisted of young children and women, both of whom were taken into the families of their abductors; men were usually killed during the raids. Oromo boys and girls were adopted by their Somali patrons as their own children. Prized for their beauty and viewed as legitimate sexual partners, many Oromo women became either wives or concubines of their Somali captors, while others became domestic servants.<ref name="Anderson"/><ref name="USRCLS3"/> In some cases, entire Oromo clans were assimilated on a client basis into the Somali clan system.<ref name="Anderson"/>
 
Neither captured Oromo children nor women were ever required to do plantation work, and they typically worked side-by-side with the Somali pastoralists. After an Oromo concubine gave birth to her Somali patron's child, she and the child were emancipated and the Oromo concubine acquired equal status to her abductor's other Somali wives. According to the [[Somali Studies]] pioneer [[Enrico Cerulli]], in terms of [[diyya|diya]] ([[Blood money (term)|blood money]]) payments in the Somali [[customary law]] ([[Xeer]]), the life of an Oromo slave was also equal in value to that of an ordinary ethnic Somali, however a Somali could never have been the slave of another Somali or a slave in general.<ref name="USRCLS3">Catherine Lowe Besteman, ''Unraveling Somalia: Race, Class, and the Legacy of Slavery'', (University of Pennsylvania Press: 1999), p. 82.</ref>
 
Freedom for Oromo slaves was obtained through [[manumission]] and was typically accompanied by presents such as a spouse and livestock.<ref name="USRCLS"/> During abolition, former Oromo slaves, who generally maintained intimate relations with the Somali pastoralists, were also spared the harsh treatment reserved for the Bantu and Nilotic plantation slaves.<ref name="USRCLS"/><ref name="USRCLS3"/>