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The [[International Commission on English in the Liturgy]] was at work for 17 years,<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2017/01/27/why-pope-francis-right-revisit-new-mass-translation|title=Why Pope Francis is right to revisit the new Mass translation|date=27 January 2017|work=America Magazine|access-date=17 July 2017|language=en}}</ref> responding to critiques of the earlier translation, and presented its new translation in 1998. But their proposed translation ran afoul of new leadership in Rome.<ref name=":2" /> On 28 March 2001, the [[Holy See]] issued the Instruction ''[[Liturgiam authenticam]]''. This included the requirement that, in translations of the liturgical texts from the official Latin originals, "the original text, insofar as possible, must be translated integrally and in the most exact manner, without omissions or additions in terms of their content, and without paraphrases or glosses. Any adaptation to the characteristics or the nature of the various vernacular languages is to be sober and discreet." The following year, the third [[typical edition]]{{Efn|The "typical edition" of a liturgical text is that to which editions by other publishers must conform.|name=|group=}} of the revised Roman Missal in Latin was released.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20010507_liturgiam-authenticam_en.html|title=Liturgiam authenticam}}</ref>
In 2002 the leadership of the ICEL was changed, under insistence from the Roman Congregation for Divine Worship and to obtain a translation that was as close as possible to the wording of the Latin original. In spite of push-back by some in the church,<ref name=":0" /> Rome prevailed and nine years later a new English translation, closer to that of the Latin and consequently approved by the Holy See, was adopted by English-speaking [[episcopal conference]]s.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationalcatholicreporter.org/word/word0816.htm|title=The Word From Rome|last=Allen|first=John L.|author-link=John L. Allen Jr.|date=16 August 2002|access-date=17 July 2017
Most episcopal conferences set the first Sunday in Advent (27 November) 2011 as the date when the new translation would come into use. However, the Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference (Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland) put into effect the changes in the people's parts of the revised English translation of the Order of Mass<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.bisdomoudtshoorn.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=51 | date = 2 February 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090308120509/http://www.bisdomoudtshoorn.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=51 | url-status = dead | title = A pastoral response to the faithful with regard to the new English Language Mass translations | archive-date = 8 March 2009}}</ref> from 28 November 2008, when the Missal as a whole was not yet available. Protests were voiced on grounds of content<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.scross.co.za/2008/12/liturgical-anger/ | title = Liturgical Anger | first = Gunther | last = Simmermacher | date = 24 December 2008 | website = [[The Southern Cross (South Africa)|The Southern Cross]] | via = Scross.co.za | access-date = 10 October 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160504070723/https://www.scross.co.za/2008/12/liturgical-anger/ | archive-date = 4 May 2016 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scross.co.za/2008/12/harmful-text-changes/ |title=Letter by Fr John Conversett MCCJ | website = [[The Southern Cross (South Africa)|The Southern Cross]] | via = Scross.co.za |date=24 December 2008 |access-date=15 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scross.co.za/2008/12/mass-translations-a-missed-opportunity/ | first = Judith | last = Coyle | title = Mass translations: A missed opportunity | date = 28 December 2008 | website = [[The Southern Cross (South Africa)|The Southern Cross]] | via = Scross.co.za | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120404015019/https://www.scross.co.za/2008/12/mass-translations-a-missed-opportunity/ | archive-date = 4 April 2012 | url-status = dead}}</ref> and because it meant that Southern Africa was thus out of line with other English-speaking areas.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.sacbc.org.za/Site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=208&Itemid=100 | title = Pastoral response to the new english translation text for Mass | date = 3 February 2009 | first = Edward | last = Risi | website = [[Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference]] | via = www.sacbc.org.za | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110716085140/http://www.sacbc.org.za/Site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=208&Itemid=100 | archive-date=16 July 2011 | url-status = dead}}</ref> One bishop claimed that the English-speaking conferences should have withstood the Holy See's insistence on a more literal translation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web | url = http://www.scross.co.za/2009/01/why-the-liturgical-anger-is-fair/ | title = Why the 'liturgical anger' is fair | last = Dowling | first = Kevin | website = [[Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference]] | via = www.sacbc.org.za | date = 18 January 2009 | access-date = 15 October 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160504070726/http://www.scross.co.za/2009/01/why-the-liturgical-anger-is-fair/ | archive-date = 4 May 2016 | url-status = dead}}</ref> However, when in February 2009 the Holy See declared that the change should have waited until the whole of the Missal had been translated, the bishops' conference appealed, with the result that those parishes that had adopted the new translation of the Order of Mass were directed to continue using it, while those that had not were told to await further instructions before doing so.<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://www.sacbc.org.za/Site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=238&Itemid=100 | first = Vincent | last = Brennan | website = [[Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference]] | via = www.sacbc.org.za | title = Clarification on the Implementation of the New English Mass Translation in South Africa | date = 5 March 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110716085211/http://www.sacbc.org.za/Site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=238&Itemid=100 | archive-date = 16 July 2011 | url-status = dead}}</ref>
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