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[[File:Bongo sound.wav|thumb|261x261px|Bongos playing a cumbia beat]]
'''Bongos''' ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]: ''bongó'') are an [[Afro-Cubans|Afro-Cuban]] [[percussion instrument]] consisting of a pair of small open bottomed [[Handhand drum|hand drums]]s of different sizes.<ref>{{Cite Thebook larger|last=Strain drum|first=James isAllen called|url= hembra|title=A (SpanishDictionary for female)the Modern Percussionist and theDrummer smaller|publisher=[[Rowman drum& isLittlefield calledPublishers]] macho|year=2017 (Spanish|isbn=978-0-8108-8693-3 for|page=23 male).|oclc=974035735 They|quote=}}</ref> oftenThe playpair aconsists continuousof eight-strokethe pattern calledlarger ''martillohembra'' (hammer{{Literally|female}}), butand alsothe havesmaller the''macho'' most({{Literally|male}}), rhythmicwhich freedomare withinjoined theby ensemble,a providingwooden improvisatorybridge. flourishesThey andare rhythmicplayed counterpoint.with Thisboth mainlyhands employeesand Theusually Bongosheld are  inbetween the [[rhythmlegs, section]]although ofin [[sonsome cubano]]cases, andas [[Salsain classical music|salsa]] ensembles, oftenthey alongsidemay otherbe drumsplayed suchwith as the larger [[congas]]mallets and/or themounted stick-struckon [[timbales]]stands.
 
Bongos are mainly employed in the [[rhythm section]] of [[son cubano]] and [[salsa music|salsa]] ensembles, often alongside other drums such as the larger [[congas]] and the stick-struck [[timbales]]. In these groups, the bongo player is known as ''bongosero'' and often plays a continuous eight-stroke pattern called ''martillo'' ({{Literally|hammer}}) as well as more rhythmically free parts, providing improvisatory flourishes and rhythmic counterpoint.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Goldberg |first=Norbert |date=October 1985 |title=The Bongos |journal=[[Percussive Notes]] |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=25–26}}</ref>
19th century, possibly from a pair of larger drums such as the bokú. These older, larger bongos are known as ''bongó del monte'' and played in [[changüí]]. The smaller bongos used in son cubano were popular across Cuba by the 1910s and reached the concert halls of the eastern United States in the 1930s. By the 1940s, bongos and congas were sharing the stage as son ensembles grew in size and Latin music began to cross-pollinate with [[jazz]] and other musics. During the second half of the 20th century, bongos began to be played in a wide variety of genres, from [[Bachata (music)|bachata]] to [[Latin rock]].{{sfn|Fernandez|2006|p=22–41}}
 
Bongos originated in eastern Cuba at the end of the 19th century, possibly from a pair of larger drums such as the bokú. These older, larger bongos are known as ''bongó del monte'' and played in [[changüí]]. The smaller bongos used in son cubano were popular across Cuba by the 1910s and reached the concert halls of the eastern United States in the 1930s. By the 1940s, bongos and congas were sharing the stage as son ensembles grew in size and Latin music began to cross-pollinate with [[jazz]] and other musics. During the second half of the 20th century, bongos began to be played in a wide variety of genres, from [[Bachata (music)|bachata]] to [[Latin rock]].{{sfn|Fernandez|2006|p=22–41}}
 
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