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Importing Wikidata short description: "Right to enjoy one's sexuality without discrimination" (Shortdesc helper) |
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Seventy-eight countries maintain laws that make same-sex consensual sex between adults a criminal offence, and seven countries (or parts thereof) impose the death penalty for same-sex consensual sex. They are Iran, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Mauritania, Sudan, the twelve northern states of Nigeria, and the southern parts of Somalia.<ref>[http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf ''State Sponsored Homophobia: A world survey of laws criminalising same-sex sexual acts between consenting adults'', The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association, edited by Lucas Paoli Itaborahy, May 2012, pages 4 and 13] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120611181908/http://old.ilga.org/Statehomophobia/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2012.pdf |date=June 11, 2012 }}</ref>
The right to sexuality has only relatively recently become the subject of international concern, with the regulation of sexuality traditionally falling within the jurisdiction of the [[nation state]].<ref>[http://www.ichrp.org/files/reports/47/137_web.pdf International Council on Human Rights] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301094035/http://www.ichrp.org/files/reports/47/137_web.pdf |date=2021-03-01 }} ''Sexuality and Human Rights'' (2009) at 21.</ref> Today numerous international [[non-governmental organisations]] and [[intergovernmental organisations]] are engaged in the protection of the rights of people of diverse sexual orientation as it is increasingly recognised that discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation is widespread and an unacceptable violation of human rights.
==Acts of violence==
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Examples of violent acts against people of diverse sexual orientation are too numerous to account here, and they occur in all parts of the world. A particularly distressing example is the sexual assault and murder of fifteen lesbians in [[Thailand]] in March 2012. In that example, two lesbian couples were killed by men who objected to their relationship and who were embarrassed when they were unable to convince the women into heterosexual relationships with themselves.<ref>[http://www.iglhrc.org/cgi-bin/iowa/article/pressroom/pressrelease/1506.html Thai police ignore fifteen killings of lesbians and toms] (27 March 2012) International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission, press release.</ref>
Often acts of violence against people of diverse sexual orientation are perpetrated by the victim's own family. In a case in [[Zimbabwe]], the multiple rape of a lesbian was organised by her own family in an attempt to "cure" her of homosexuality.<ref>[http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G02/104/28/PDF/G0210428.pdf?OpenElement Report of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919095841/http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G02/104/28/PDF/G0210428.pdf?OpenElement |date=2014-09-19 }} Commission on Human Rights, 31 January 2002, E/CN.4/2002/83 at [102].</ref>
In those cases, as in many other cases of violence against people of diverse sexual orientation, State law enforcement authorities are complicit in human rights abuses for failing to persecute violators of rights.
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Every person, by virtue of their [[individual autonomy]], is free to express themselves, assemble and join in association with others. [[Freedom of expression]] is a protected human right under Article 19 of the UDHR and Article 19 of the ICCPR, as is the right to [[freedom of assembly]] under Article 20 of the UDHR and Article 21 of the ICCPR.
LGBT people are discriminated against in respect of their ability to defend and promote their rights. Gay pride marches, peaceful demonstrations and other events promoting LGBT rights are often banned by State governments.<ref>[http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G06/121/89/PDF/G0612189.pdf?OpenElement Report by the Special Rapporteur on Contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (2006) Commission of Human Rights E/CN.4/2006/16/Add.1 at [72].</ref>
In 2011 gay pride marches were banned in Serbia<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15134182 Serbia bans gay pride march citing violence fears], (2011) BBC.</ref> and another march in Moscow was broken up by police, who arrested thirty leading gay rights activists.<ref>[http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2011/05/27/moscow-police-will-break-up-illegal-gay-pride-march/ Moscow police will break up banned gay pride march], (2011) Pink News.</ref>
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