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Article 19 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child enjoins parties to "take all appropriate legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to protect the child from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation".<ref>UN (2012). 11. [http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-11&chapter=4&lang=en Convention on the Rights of the Child] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211151110/https://treaties.un.org/pages/viewdetails.aspx?src=treaty&mtdsg_no=iv-11&chapter=4&lang=en |date=2014-02-11 }}. United Nations Treaty Collection. Retrieved 1 May 2012.</ref> The [[Committee on the Rights of the Child]] interprets article 19 as prohibiting corporal punishment, commenting on the "obligation of all States Party to move quickly to prohibit and eliminate all corporal punishment."<ref>UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (2006) "General Comment No. 8:" par. 3.</ref> The [[United Nations Human Rights Committee]] has also interpreted Article 7 of the [[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]] prohibiting "cruel, [[inhuman or degrading treatment]] or punishment" to extend to children, including corporal punishment of children.<ref>UN Human Rights Committee (1992) [http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/gencomm/hrcom20.htm "General Comment No. 20".] HRI/GEN/1/Rev.4.: p. 108</ref>
Concerning the physical punishment of children, social contexts matter.<ref> Rush, M., & Lazarus, S. (2018). ‘Troubling’ Chastisement: A Comparative Historical Analysis of Child Punishment in Ghana and Ireland. Sociological Research Online, 23(1), 177–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/1360780417749250</ref> For instance, a comparative historical analysis framework involving two case studies of Ireland and Ghana illustrates non-unilinear pathways of international convergence towards the prohibition of physical punishment.<ref> Rush, M., & Ibrahim Lazarus, S. (2018). ‘Troubling’ Chastisement: A Comparative Historical Analysis of Child Punishment in Ghana and Ireland. Sociological Research Online, 23(1), 177–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/1360780417749250</ref>
Newell (1993) argued that "...pressure for protection of children's physical integrity should be an integral part of pressure for all children's rights."<ref>{{cite journal |
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