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{{Short description|Fine motor skills used to entertain or manipulate}}
{{Other uses}}
{{About|stage magic|the Duncan Sheik album|Legerdemain (album)}}
{{good article}}
'''Sleight of hand''' (also known as '''prestidigitation''' or '''''legerdemain''''' ({{audio|En-Legerdemain (spoken word).ogg|listen|help=no}})) refers to [[fine motor skills]] when used by performing artists in different art forms to entertain or manipulate. It is closely associated with [[close-up magic]], [[card magic]], [[card flourish]]ing and [[stealing]]. Because of its heavy use and practice by [[magic (illusion)|magicians]], sleight of hand is often confused as a branch of magic; however, it is a separate genre of [[entertainment]] and many artists practice sleight of hand as an independent skill. Sleight of hand pioneers with worldwide acclaim include [[Dan and Dave (magicians)|Dan and Dave]], [[Ricky Jay]], [[Derek DelGaudio]], [[David Copperfield (illusionist)|David Copperfield]], [[Yann Frisch]], [[Norbert Ferré]], [[Dai Vernon]], [[Jerry Sadowitz]], [[Richard Valentine Pitchford|Cardini]], [[Tony Slydini]], [[Hélder Guimarães|Helder Guimarães]] and [[Tom Mullica]].
==Etymology and history==
{{
The word ''sleight'', meaning "the use of dexterity or cunning, especially so as to deceive", comes from the [[Old Norse]].{{sfn|Oxford Dictionary 2015}} The phrase ''sleight of hand'' means "quick fingers" or "[[trickster]] fingers".{{sfn|Oxford Dictionary 2015}} Common synonyms of [[Latin language|Latin]] and [[French language|French]] include ''prestidigitation'' and ''legerdemain'' respectively.{{sfn|Oxford Dictionary 2015}} [[Seneca the Younger]], philosopher of the [[Silver Age of Latin literature]], famously compared [[rhetoric]]al techniques and illusionist techniques.{{sfn|Whaley|Bell|1991|p=314}}
===Association with close-up magic===
{{Further|Close-up magic}}
Sleight of hand is often used in close-up magic, where the sleights are performed with the audience close to the magician, usually in physical contact or within {{convert|3|to|4|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}.{{sfn|Longe|2003|p=9}} This close contact eliminates theories of fake audience members and the use of [[wikt:gimmick|gimmick]]s.{{sfn|Longe|2003|p=9}} It makes use of everyday items as props, such as [[Playing card|cards]], [[coin]]s, rubber bands, paper, phones and even saltshakers.{{sfn|Longe|2003|p=9}} A well-performed sleight looks like an ordinary, natural and completely innocent gesture, change in hand
===Association with stage magic===
{{Further|Stage magic}}
Sleight of hand during stage magic performances is not common, as most magic events and stunts are performed with objects visible to a much larger audience, but is nevertheless done occasionally by many stage performers.{{sfn|Ostovich|Hopkins|2014|pp=114–116}} The most common magic tricks performed with sleight of hand on stage are rope manipulations and card tricks, with the first typically being done with a member of the audience to rule out the possibility of stooges and the latter primarily being done on a table while a camera is live-recording, allowing the rest of the audience to see the performance on a [[big screen]].{{sfn|Scarne|2003|p=236}}{{sfn|Forbes 2008}} Worldwide acclaimed stage magician [[David Copperfield (illusionist)|David Copperfield]] often includes illusions featuring sleight of hand in his stage shows.{{sfn|Forbes 2008}}
===Association with card cheating===
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{{Further|Cardistry}}
[[File:Display Card Flourish.jpg|thumb|right|Cardistry is closely related to sleight of hand]]
Unlike card tricks done on the streets or on stage and card cheating, cardistry is solely about impressing without illusions, deceit, misdirection and other elements commonly used in card tricks and card cheating.{{sfn|Tarr|1976|pp=59, 89}} Cardistry
===Association with card throwing===
{{Further|Card throwing}}
The art of card throwing generally consists of throwing standard playing cards with excessively high speed and accuracy, powerful enough to slice fruits like carrots and even melons.{{sfn|Jay|2008|pp=91–92}}{{sfn|Jay|2008|p=90}} Like flourishing, throwing cards
==See also==
*[[Cups and balls
*[[Tenkai palm]]
==References==
{{
==Sources==
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| year = 1975
| isbn = 978-0-486-21808-3
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 2012
| isbn = 978-0486156682
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 2007
| isbn = 978-1416571384
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 2008
| isbn = 978-0761159681
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 2003
| isbn = 978-1402700279
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 2014
| isbn = 978-1472432865
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 2003
| isbn = 978-0486427799
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 1976
| isbn = 0-394-72202-7
}}
* {{cite book
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| year = 1991
| isbn = 978-1412819435
}}
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| newspaper=[[Forbes]]
| url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2006/0508/153.html
|first=Finn-Olaf
|last=Jones
|date=22 April 2006
|
| ref = {{sfnRef|Forbes 2008}}
}}
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| url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1993/04/05/secrets-of-the-magus
| date =5 April 1993
|
| ref = {{sfnRef|The New Yorker 1993}}
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Sleight
| work=[[Oxford
| url=http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/sleight
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130303002255/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/sleight
| url-status=dead
| archive-date=March 3, 2013
| year = 2015
|
| ref = {{sfnRef|Oxford Dictionary 2015}}
}}
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| url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/arts/tv-radio/article2441947.ece
| date= 26 January 2008
|
| ref = {{sfnRef|The Times 2008}}
}}
==External links==
{{Spoken Wikipedia|Sleight_of_hand.ogg|date=2019-10-25}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJCTNc9LkhU Sleight of hand] on [[YouTube]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171010005652/https://cardtricks.info/beginners-to-advance-simple-tricks/ Sleight of hand] on https://Cardtricks.info
{{Magic and Illusion}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sleight Of Hand}}
[[Category:Sleight of hand| ]]
[[Category:Card magic]]
[[Category:Coin magic]]
[[Category:Motor skills]]
[[de:Zauberkunst#Manipulation]]
[[ja:手品]]
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