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{{Politics of Italy}}
 
The '''government of Italy''' is that of a [[democratic republic]], and was established by the Italian [[constitution]] in 1948. It consists of [[Legislature|legislative]], [[Executive (government)|executive]], and [[Judiciary|judicial]] subdivisions, as well as of a [[head of state]], also known as the [[President of Italy|president]].
 
The [[Constitution of Italy|Constitution of the Italian Republic]] is the result of the work of the [[Constituent Assembly of Italy|Constituent Assembly]], which was formed by the representatives of all the [[Anti-fascism|anti-fascist]] forces that contributed to the defeat of [[Nazism|nazis]] and the fascist forces during the [[Italian Civil War]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McGaw Smyth |first1=Howard |title=Italy: From Fascism to the Republic (1943-1946) |journal=The Western Political Quarterly |date=September 1948 |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=205 |doi=10.2307/442274}}</ref> Article 1 of the Italian constitution states: ”''Italy is a democratic Republic founded on labour. Sovereignty belongs to the people and is exercised by the people in the forms and within the limits of the constitution''.”<ref name=ItaConst>{{cite web|title=The Italian Constitution|url=http://www.quirinale.it/page/costituzione|publisher=The official website of the Presidency of the Italian Republic}}</ref> {{blockquote|text="Italy is a democratic Republic founded on labour. Sovereignty belongs to the people and is exercised by the people in the forms and within the limits of the constitution."}}
 
By stating that Italy is a [[democratic republic]], the article solemnly declares the results of the [[1946 Italian institutional referendum|institutional referendum]] which took place on 2 June 1946 valid. The [[Italy|state]] is not the hereditary property of the [[King of Italy|ruling monarch]], but instead a ''[[res publica]]'', belonging to everyone.
 
The people who are called to temporarily administer the republic are not owners, but servants; and the governed are not [[Commoner|subjects]], but [[Citizenship|citizens]]. And the [[sovereignty]], that is the power to make choices that involve the entire community, belongs to the people, in accordance with the concept of a [[democracy]], from the Greek ''demos'' (people) and ''kratìa'' (power). However, this power is not to be exercised arbitrarily by [[mob rule]], but in the forms and within the limits established by the [[rule of law]].
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{{Further|Parliament of Italy|Italian Chamber of Deputies|Italian Senate}}
{{multiple image
| width1 = 122130
| width2 = 130
| image1 = Lorenzo Fontana 2022in 2024 (cropped).jpg
| caption1 = [[Lorenzo Fontana]], [[List of Presidents of the Italian Chamber of Deputies|President of the Chamber of Deputies]] since 14 October 2022
| image2 = Ignazio La Russa datisenato 2022.jpeg
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