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{{British Royal Family}}
 
'''Charles III''' (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is [[King of the United Kingdom]] and the 14 other [[Commonwealth realm]]s since 8 September 2022.{{efn|name=realms|In addition to the United Kingdom, theThe 14 other realms are [[Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda|Antigua and Barbuda]], [[Monarchy of Australia|Australia]], [[Monarchy of the Bahamas|The Bahamas]], [[Monarchy of Belize|Belize]], [[Monarchy of Canada|Canada]], [[Monarchy of Grenada|Grenada]], [[Monarchy of Jamaica|Jamaica]], {{nowrap|[[Monarchy of New Zealand|New Zealand]]}}, [[Monarchy of Papua New Guinea|Papua New Guinea]], [[Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis|Saint Kitts and Nevis]], [[Monarchy of Saint Lucia|Saint Lucia]], [[Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]], the [[Monarchy of Solomon Islands|Solomon Islands]], and [[Monarchy of Tuvalu|Tuvalu]].}}
 
Charles was born in [[Buckingham Palace]] during the reign of his maternal grandfather, [[King George VI]], and became [[heir apparent]] when his mother, [[Queen Elizabeth II]], acceded to the throne in 1952. He was created [[Prince of Wales]] in 1958 and [[Investiture of Charles, Prince of Wales|his investiture]] was held in 1969. He was educated at [[Cheam School]] and [[Gordonstoun]], and later spent six months at the [[Timbertop]] campus of [[Geelong Grammar School]] in Victoria, Australia. After completing a history degree from the [[University of Cambridge]], Charles served in the [[Royal Air Force]] and the [[Royal Navy]] from 1971 to 1976. In 1981, [[Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer|he married]] [[Lady Diana Spencer]]. They had two sons, [[William, Prince of Wales|William]] and [[Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex|Harry]]. Charles and Diana divorced in 1996, after they had each engaged in well-publicised extramarital affairs. [[Death of Diana, Princess of Wales|Diana died as a result of injuries sustained in a car crash]] the following year. In 2005, [[Wedding of Prince Charles and Camilla Parker Bowles|Charles married]] his long-term partner, [[Camilla Parker Bowles]].
 
As heir apparent, Charles undertook official duties and engagements on behalf of his mother and represented the United Kingdom on visits abroad. He founded [[theThe Prince's Trust]]{{Efn|The Princes Trust, was renamed to The Kings Trust following his accession to the throne}} in 1976, sponsored [[the Prince's Charities]], and became patron or president of more than 800 other charities and organisations. He advocated for the conservation of historic buildings and the importance of traditional architecture in society. In that vein, he generated the experimental new town of [[Poundbury]]. An environmentalist, Charles supported [[organic farming]] and action to prevent [[climate change]] during his time as the manager of the [[Duchy of Cornwall]] estates, [[List of awards received by Charles III|earning him awards and recognition]] as well as criticism; he is also a prominent critic of the adoption of [[genetically modified food]], while his support for [[alternative medicine]] has been criticised. He has [[Bibliography of Charles III|authored or co-authored 17 books]].
 
Charles became king upon [[Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II|his mother's death]] in 2022. At the age of 73, he was the oldest person to accede to the British throne, after having been the longest-serving heir apparent and Prince of Wales in British history. Significant events in his reign have included [[Coronation of Charles III and Camilla|his coronation]] in 2023 and his cancer diagnosis the following year, the latter of which temporarily suspended planned public engagements.{{toc limit|4}}
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[[File:Elizabeth, Philip, Charles and Anne.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.75|With his parents and sister Anne, October 1957|alt=A young Prince Charles with his mother, Elizabeth II; his father, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh; and his sister, Princess Anne]]
 
In his 1994 authorised biography by [[Jonathan Dimbleby]], Charles's parents were described as physically and emotionally distant and Philip was blamed for his disregard of Charles's sensitive nature, including forcing him to attend Gordonstoun, where he was bullied.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rocco |first=Fiammetta |date=18 October 1994 |title=Flawed Family: This week the Prince of Wales disclosed still powerful resentments against his mother and father |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/flawed-family-this-week-the-prince-of-wales-disclosed-still-powerful-resentments-against-his-mother-and-father-but-they-also-suffered-in-their-early-years-fiammetta-rocco-delves-into-the-royal-childhoods-that-went-1443791.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220216032258/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/flawed-family-this-week-the-prince-of-wales-disclosed-still-powerful-resentments-against-his-mother-and-father-but-they-also-suffered-in-their-early-years-fiammetta-rocco-delves-into-the-royal-childhoods-that-went-1443791.html |archive-date=16 February 2022 |access-date=15 February 2022 |work=[[The Independent (UK)]] |publisher=Independent Digital News & Media Ltd |issn=1741-9743 |oclc=185201487}}</ref> Though Charles reportedly described Gordonstoun, noted for its especially rigorous curriculum, as "[[ColditzOflag CastleIV-C|Colditz]] in [[kilt]]s",<ref name="debrett">{{Cite web |title=HRH The Prince of Wales |url=http://www.debretts.com/people/royal-family/royal-portraits/prince-charles.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704195647/http://www.debretts.com/people/royal-family/royal-portraits/prince-charles.aspx |archive-date=4 July 2012 |access-date=27 August 2012 |publisher=Debrett's}}</ref> he later praised the school, stating it had taught him "a great deal about myself and my own abilities and disabilities". He said in a 1975 interview he was "glad" he had attended Gordonstoun and that the "toughness of the place" was "much exaggerated".<ref name="Colditz_kilts">{{Cite news |last=Rudgard |first=Olivia |date=10 December 2017 |title=Colditz in kilts? Charles loved it, says old school as Gordonstoun hits back at The Crown |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/12/10/prince-charles-school-hits-back-crown-colditz-kilts-portrayal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620040626/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/12/10/prince-charles-school-hits-back-crown-colditz-kilts-portrayal |archive-date=20 June 2018 |access-date=13 December 2017 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |issn=0307-1235 |oclc=49632006}}</ref> In 1966 Charles spent two terms at the [[Timbertop]] campus of [[Geelong Grammar School]] in Victoria, Australia, during which time he visited Papua New Guinea on a school trip with his history tutor, Michael Collins Persse.<ref name="powedu">{{Cite web |title=The Prince of Wales&nbsp;– Education |url=http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/the-prince-of-wales/biography/education |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113072216/http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/the-prince-of-wales/biography/education |archive-date=13 November 2012 |access-date=8 December 2012 |publisher=Clarence House}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=9 February 1966 |title=The New Boy at Timbertop |volume=33 |page=7 |work=[[The Australian Women's Weekly]] |issue=37 |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51384379 |url-status=live |access-date=13 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401092057/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/51384379 |archive-date=1 April 2021 |via=[[National Library of Australia]]}}; {{Cite news |date=1966 |title=Timbertop – Prince Charles Australia |publisher=[[British Pathé]] |format=Video with audio, 1 min 28 secs |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1AMDaaiHQ4 |url-status=live |access-date=12 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311031256/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1AMDaaiHQ4 |archive-date=11 March 2021 |via=YouTube}}</ref> In 1973 Charles described his time at Timbertop as the most enjoyable part of his whole education.<ref>{{Cite news |work=Australian Associated Press |date=31 January 1973 |title=Prince had happy time at Timbertop |volume=47 |page=11 |publisher=[[The Canberra Times]] |issue=13,346 |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article110705075 |url-status=live |access-date=13 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401092105/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110705075 |archive-date=1 April 2021 |via=[[National Library of Australia]]}}</ref> Upon his return to Gordonstoun, he emulated his father in becoming [[head boy]], and left in 1967 with six [[GCE O-levels]] and two [[A-level]]s in history and French, at grades B and C respectively.<ref name=powedu/>{{sfn|Brandreth|p=145|2007}} On his education, Charles later remarked, "I didn't enjoy school as much as I might have; but, that was only because I'm happier at home than anywhere else".<ref name=Colditz_kilts/>
 
Charles broke royal tradition when he proceeded straight to university after his A-levels, rather than joining the [[British Armed Forces]].<ref name=debrett/> In October 1967, he was admitted to [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he studied [[archaeology]] and [[anthropology]] for the first part of the [[Tripos]] and then switched to [[Faculty of History, University of Cambridge|history]] for the second part.<ref name=PoWsite/><ref name=powedu/><ref>{{Harvnb|Brandreth|p=151|2007}}</ref> During his second year, he attended the [[University College of Wales]] in [[Aberystwyth]], studying [[Welsh history]] and the [[Welsh language]] for one term.<ref name=powedu/> Charles became the first British heir apparent to earn a university degree, graduating in June 1970 from the [[University of Cambridge]] with a [[British undergraduate degree classification|2:2]] Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree.<ref name=powedu/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Holland |first=Fiona |date=10 September 2022 |title=God Save The King! |url=https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/god-save-the-king |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220914213129/https://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/news/god-save-the-king |archive-date=14 September 2022 |access-date=14 September 2022 |website=Trinity College Cambridge}}</ref> Following standard practice, in August 1975, his Bachelor of Arts was promoted to a [[Master of Arts (Oxbridge and Dublin)|Master of Arts]] (MA Cantab) degree.<ref name=powedu/>
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In 1965 Charles undertook his first public engagement by attending a student garden party at the [[Palace of Holyroodhouse]].<ref name="coronation-facts">{{Cite web |title=100 Coronation facts |url=https://www.royal.uk/100-coronation-facts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501155413/https://www.royal.uk/100-coronation-facts |archive-date=1 May 2023 |access-date=1 May 2023 |publisher=Royal Household}}</ref> During his time as Prince of Wales, he undertook official duties on behalf of the Queen,<ref name="nytimes-charlesgothrone-sept82022"/> completing 10,934 engagements between 2002 and 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 April 2023|title=King Charles averages 521 royal engagements per year, but Princess Anne does even more, according to a new report|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/princess-anne-more-royal-engagements-than-king-charles-report-2023-4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240326031304/https://www.businessinsider.com/princess-anne-more-royal-engagements-than-king-charles-report-2023-4 |archive-date=26 March 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]|url-status=live}}</ref> He officiated at [[investiture]]s and attended the funerals of foreign dignitaries.{{Sfn|Brandreth|p=325|2007}} Charles made regular tours of Wales, fulfilling a week of engagements each summer, and attending important national occasions, such as opening the [[Senedd building|Senedd]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Opening of the Senedd |url=http://www.assemblywales.org/visiting/about_us-assembly_history_buildings/senedd_history/sen-projecthistory/sen-project-history-subpage/sen-project-history-openeing-the-senedd.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810023045/http://www.assemblywales.org/visiting/about_us-assembly_history_buildings/senedd_history/sen-projecthistory/sen-project-history-subpage/sen-project-history-openeing-the-senedd.htm |archive-date=10 August 2014 |access-date=8 August 2014 |publisher=National Assembly for Wales}}</ref> The six trustees of the [[Royal Collection Trust]] met three times a year under his chairmanship.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Administration |url=http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/about/administration |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006030309/http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/about/administration |archive-date=6 October 2012 |access-date=19 April 2013 |publisher=The Royal Collection Trust}}</ref> Charles also represented his mother at the independence celebrations in Fiji in 1970,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Trumbull |first=Robert |date=10 October 1970 |title=Fiji Raises the Flag of Independence After 96 Years of Rule by British |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/10/archives/fiji-raises-the-flag-of-independence-after-96-years-of-rule-by.html |url-status=live |access-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910004715/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/10/archives/fiji-raises-the-flag-of-independence-after-96-years-of-rule-by.html |archive-date=10 September 2022 |oclc=1645522}}</ref> The Bahamas in 1973,<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 July 1973 |title=1973: Bahamas' sun sets on British Empire |publisher=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/9/newsid_2498000/2498835.stm |url-status=live |access-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201022831/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/9/newsid_2498000/2498835.stm |archive-date=1 February 2008}}</ref> Papua New Guinea in 1975,<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 September 1975 |title=Papua New Guinea Celebrates Independence |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/09/16/archives/papua-new-guinea-celebrates-independence-papua-new-guinea-is.html |url-status=live |access-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910033448/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/09/16/archives/papua-new-guinea-celebrates-independence-papua-new-guinea-is.html |archive-date=10 September 2022 |oclc=1645522}}</ref> Zimbabwe in 1980,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ross |first=Jay |date=18 April 1980 |title=Zimbabwe gains independence |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/04/18/zimbabwe-gains-independence/185c3573-e9e4-4d3a-9dce-5fe89bf04605 |url-status=live |access-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204220551/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/04/18/zimbabwe-gains-independence/185c3573-e9e4-4d3a-9dce-5fe89bf04605 |archive-date=4 February 2021}}</ref> and Brunei in 1984.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wedel |first=Paul |date=22 February 1984 |title=Brunei celebrated its independence from Britain Thursday with traditional... |publisher=[[UPI]] |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1984/02/22/Brunei-celebrated-its-independence-from-Britain-Thursday-with-traditional/6194446274000 |url-status=live |access-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219232834/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1984/02/22/Brunei-celebrated-its-independence-from-Britain-Thursday-with-traditional/6194446274000 |archive-date=19 February 2022}}</ref>
 
In 1983 [[Christopher John Lewis]], who had fired a shot with a [[.22 rifle]] at the Queen in 1981, attempted to escape a psychiatric hospital in order to assassinate Charles, who was visiting New Zealand with Diana and William.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ainge Roy |first=Eleanor |date=13 January 2018 |title='Damn&nbsp;... I missed': the incredible story of the day the Queen was nearly shot |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jan/13/queen-elizabeth-assassination-attempt-new-zealand-1981 |url-status=live |access-date=1 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301120257/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jan/13/queen-elizabeth-assassination-attempt-new-zealand-1981 |archive-date=1 March 2018}}</ref> While Charles was visiting Australia on [[Australia Day]] in January 1994, [[David Kang]] fired two shots at him from a [[starting pistol]] in protest of the treatment of several hundred Cambodian asylum seekers held in detention camps.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Newman |first=John |date=12 May 1994 |title=Cambodian Refugees |url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA19940512014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929120531/http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/hansart.nsf/V3Key/LA19940512014 |archive-date=29 September 2007 |website=New South Wales Legislative Assembly Hansard |publisher=Parliament of New South Wales}}; {{Cite news |date=27 January 1994 |title=Student fires 2 blanks at Prince Charles |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-01-27-mn-15986-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=13 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812170551/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-01-27/news/mn-15986_1_britain-s-prince-charles |archive-date=12 August 2014}}</ref> In 1995, Charles became the first member of the royal family to visit the Republic of Ireland in an official capacity.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2015 |title=Archive: Prince Charles visits Ireland in 1995 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-northern-ireland-32397345/archive-prince-charles-visits-ireland-in-1995 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511050222/http://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-northern-ireland-32397345/archive-prince-charles-visits-ireland-in-1995 |archive-date=11 May 2018 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=[[BBC News]]}}; {{cite web |last1=McCullagh |first1=David |last2=Milner |first2=Cathy |title=Prince Charles Makes First Royal Visit to Ireland 1995 |url=http://www.rte.ie/archives/2015/0529/704766-prince-charless-first-visit-to-ireland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180415063559/http://www.rte.ie/archives/2015/0529/704766-prince-charless-first-visit-to-ireland |archive-date=15 April 2018 |access-date=14 April 2018 |publisher=[[Raidió Teilifís Éireann]]}}</ref> In 1997, he represented the Queen at the [[Hong Kong handover ceremony]].{{sfn|Brendon|p=660|2007}}{{sfn|Brown|p=594|1998}}
[[File:20151104 OH H1013410 0003 (22461157447).jpg|thumb|left|Charles's ninth tour of New Zealand, November 2015|alt=Charles shaking hands with a crowd]]
 
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[[Charles and Camilla's coronation]] took place at Westminster Abbey on 6 May 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 October 2022 |title=Coronation on 6 May for King Charles and Camilla, Queen Consort |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-63172425 |url-status=live |access-date=11 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011170432/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-63172425 |archive-date=11 October 2022}}</ref> Plans had been made for many years, under the code name ''Operation Golden Orb''.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mahler |first=Kevin |date=14 February 2022 |title=Ghosts? Here's the true tale of things that go bump in the night |work=The Times |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ghosts-heres-the-true-tale-of-things-that-go-bump-in-the-night-66z03ktfc |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=9 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028081448/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ghosts-heres-the-true-tale-of-things-that-go-bump-in-the-night-66z03ktfc |archive-date=28 October 2022}}</ref>{{sfn|Pepinster|2022}} Reports before his accession suggested that Charles's coronation would be simpler than his mother's in 1953,<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Nicholl |first=Katie|date=11 October 2022|archive-date=11 October 2022|access-date=28 May 2024|title=King Charles is planning a smaller coronation, but it will still be a "spectacle"|magazine=Vanity Fair|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2022/10/king-charles-smaller-coronation-still-be-a-spectacle|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221011184326/https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2022/10/king-charles-smaller-coronation-still-be-a-spectacle|url-status=live}}</ref> with the ceremony expected to be "shorter, smaller, less expensive, and more representative of different faiths and community groups{{snd}}falling in line with the King's wish to reflect the ethnic diversity of modern Britain".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Arasteh |first=Amira |date=23 September 2022 |title=King Charles III coronation: When is he officially crowned and what happens next? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2022/09/23/king-charles-iii-coronation-when-officially-crowned-what-happens |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220923062731/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2022/09/23/king-charles-iii-coronation-when-officially-crowned-what-happens |archive-date=23 September 2022 |access-date=23 September 2022 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}; {{cite news |last1=Dixon |first1=Hayley |last2=Gurpreet |first2=Narwan |date=13 September 2022 |title=Coronation for the cost of living crisis as King expresses wish for 'good value' |work=The Times |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2022/09/13/charles-coronation-prince-king-monarchy-when-plans-cost-living |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=14 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925093146/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2022/09/13/charles-coronation-prince-king-monarchy-when-plans-cost-living |archive-date=25 September 2022}}</ref> Nonetheless, the coronation was a [[Church of England]] rite, including the [[coronation oath]], the [[anointment]], delivery of the [[Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom#Orbs|orb]], and [[enthronement]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 September 2022 |title=King Charles III, the new monarch |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-59135132 |url-status=live |access-date=13 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920002123/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-59135132 |archive-date=20 September 2022}}</ref> In July that year, the royal couple attended a [[Presentation of the Honours of Scotland to Charles III|national service of thanksgiving]] where Charles was presented with the [[Honours of Scotland]] in [[St Giles' Cathedral]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 July 2023 |title=King Charles III: Special Edinburgh day ends with gun salute and flypast |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-66098124 |access-date=5 July 2023 |archive-date=1 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801060822/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-66098124 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
In July 2023, Charles asked for the profits from Britain's growing fleet of offshore windfarms to be used for the "wider public good" rather than as extra funding for the monarchy. It was announced that the funding of the monarchy would be reduced to 12 per&nbsp;cent of the [[Crown Estate]]'s net profits.<ref>{{Cite news|date= 29 JunJune 2023 |title= Windfarms help drive record profit for crown estate |url= https://theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/jun/29/crown-estate-enjoys-huge-rise-in-profits-thanks-to-offshore-wind|access-date= 23 July 2024 |work=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date= 20 July 2023 |title= Sovereign Grant recalculated as offshore wind profits rise |url= https://www.gov.uk/government/news/sovereign-grant-recalculated-as-offshore-wind-profits-rise |access-date= 23 July 2024 |work=GOV.UK}}</ref>
 
In November 2022 the King and Queen hosted the South African president, [[Cyril Ramaphosa]], during the first official state visit to Britain of Charles III’s reign.<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 November 2022 |title=King Charles III welcomes S. African leader for state visit |work=Associated Press |url=https://apnews.com/article/british-politics-king-charles-iii-queen-elizabeth-ii-entertainment-london-3de1a8b0b71935a6ab53b6e2be561dc4 |first=Danica |last=Kirka |access-date=21 September 2023 |archive-date=25 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325082032/https://apnews.com/article/british-politics-king-charles-iii-queen-elizabeth-ii-entertainment-london-3de1a8b0b71935a6ab53b6e2be561dc4 |url-status=live }}</ref> In March the following year, the King and Queen embarked on a state visit to Germany; Charles became the first British monarch to address the [[Bundestag]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 March 2023 |title=King Charles becomes first British monarch to address German parliament |work=CNN |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/30/europe/king-charles-germany-day-two-intl/index.html |first1=Lauren |last1=Said-Moorhouse |first2=Max |last2=Foster |access-date=21 September 2023 |archive-date=27 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927195727/https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/30/europe/king-charles-germany-day-two-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Similarly, in September, he became the first British monarch to give a speech from France's Senate chamber during [[State visit by Charles III to France|his state visit to the country]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 September 2023 |title=King Charles makes historic speech at French senate as he hails 'indispensable' UK-France relationship |work=CNN |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/21/europe/king-charles-france-visit-senate-intl/index.html |first1=Lauren |last1=Said-Moorhouse |access-date=21 September 2023 |archive-date=21 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921181920/https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/21/europe/king-charles-france-visit-senate-intl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The following month, Charles [[State visit by Charles III to Kenya|visited Kenya]] where he faced pressure to apologise for British colonial actions. In a speech at the state banquet, he acknowledged "abhorrent and unjustifiable acts of violence", but did not formally apologise.<ref name="KenyaBanquetSpeech">{{cite web |last1=Foster |first1=Max |last2=Feleke |first2=Bethlehem |last3=Said-Moorhouse |first3=Lauren |title=King Charles acknowledges Kenya's colonial-era suffering but stops short of apologizing |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/01/africa/king-charles-kenya-colonial-suffering-intl/index.html|work=CNN |date=November 2023|access-date=6 February 2024|archive-date=1 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201053501/https://www.cnn.com/2023/11/01/africa/king-charles-kenya-colonial-suffering-intl/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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[[File:2024 Royal Visit Sydney (4).jpg|thumb|With Camilla in front of the [[Sydney Harbour Bridge]], 2024]]
In October 2024, the King and Queen [[2024 royal tour of Australia|toured Australia]] and Samoa; it was their first visit to a Commonwealth realm since his accession.<ref>{{cite news |title= King Charles III and Queen Camilla land in Sydney, marking first visit by reigning king to Australia |url=https://ampwww.abc.net.au/articlenews/2024-10-18/king-charles-queen-camilla-arrive-australia-sydney-tour-royal/104478594|work=ABC News|date=18 October 2024|access-date=18 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Perry |first1=Simon |title=King Charles and Queen Camilla Arrive in Australia for Historic First Tour to Commonwealth Realm |url=https://people.com/king-charles-and-queen-camilla-arrive-in-australia-for-historic-first-tour-to-commonwealth-realm-8729663 |magazine=People |date=18 October 2024 |access-date=20 October 2024}}</ref> In Samoa, Charles attended the [[2024 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting|Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting]] for the first time as head of the Commonwealth.<ref>{{cite news |title= King Charles acknowledges 'painful' history amid calls for slavery reparations at Commonwealth summit |url= https://cnn.com/2024/10/25/asia/king-charles-commonwealth-leaders-meeting-intl |work=CNN |first1=Max |last1=Foster |first2=Alex |last2=Stambaugh |first3=Lauren |last3=Said-Moorhouse |date=25 October 2024 |access-date=25 October 2024}}</ref> The tour was significantly scaled back owing to his cancer diagnosis, a planned visit to New Zealand being among the cancelled events. Charles temporarily paused cancer treatment during the tour.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Relph |first1=Daniela |title=King of Australia's royal tour nearly didn't happen |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c93y2r75ky7o |work=BBC News |date=18 October 2024 |access-date=20 October 2024}}</ref>
 
== Health ==
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In Charles's 1989 book ''[[A Vision of Britain: A Personal View of Architecture|A Vision of Britain]]'', and in speeches and essays, he has been critical of modern architecture, arguing that traditional designs and methods should guide contemporary ones.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Capps |first=Kriston |date=9 September 2022 |title=King Charles III, City Maker |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-09/king-charles-iii-was-once-a-prince-with-a-passion-for-urban-planning |access-date=19 May 2023 |website=Bloomberg |archive-date=16 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516070348/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-09/king-charles-iii-was-once-a-prince-with-a-passion-for-urban-planning |url-status=live }}</ref> He has continued to campaign for traditional urbanism, human scale, restoration of historic buildings, and sustainable design<ref>{{Cite news |title=The Prince of Wales Accepts Vincent Scully Prize |work=artdaily.com |url=http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=11&int_new=15419&int_modo=1 |url-status=live |access-date=19 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523221124/http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=11&int_new=15419&int_modo=1 |archive-date=23 May 2013}}</ref> despite criticism in the press.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Harper |first=Phineas |date=21 September 2022 |title=King Charles's endless meddling in architectural politics has accomplished nothing |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/sep/21/king-charles-architectural-politics-prince-profit-poundbury-paisley-perspectives |url-status=live |access-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020104323/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/sep/21/king-charles-architectural-politics-prince-profit-poundbury-paisley-perspectives |archive-date=20 October 2022}}</ref> Two of his charities{{snd}}[[the Prince's Regeneration Trust]] and [[the Prince's Foundation for Building Community]], which were later merged into one charity{{snd}}promote his views. The village of [[Poundbury]] was built on land owned by the [[Duchy of Cornwall]] to a master plan by [[Léon Krier]], under the guidance of Charles and in line with his philosophy.<ref name=planetizen/> In 2013 developments for the suburb of [[Nansledan]] began on the estate of the Duchy of Cornwall with Charles's endorsement.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Graham |first=Hugh |date=30 June 2019 |title=Exclusive: Prince Charles, the new Poundbury and his manifesto to solve the housing crisis |work=The Times |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/exclusive-prince-charles-the-new-poundbury-and-his-manifesto-to-solve-the-housing-crisis-6v57bz09m |url-access=subscription |access-date=22 June 2023 |archive-date=6 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806144113/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/exclusive-prince-charles-the-new-poundbury-and-his-manifesto-to-solve-the-housing-crisis-6v57bz09m |url-status=live }}</ref> Charles helped purchase [[Dumfries House]] and its complete collection of 18th century furnishings in 2007, taking a £20m loan from his charitable trust to contribute toward the £45m cost.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cramb |first=Auslan |date=28 June 2007 |title=Charles saves Dumfries House at 11th hour |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1555879/Charles-saves-Dumfries-House-at-11th-hour.html |url-status=live |access-date=28 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613032918/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1555879/Charles-saves-Dumfries-House-at-11th-hour.html |archive-date=13 June 2008}}</ref> The house and gardens remain property of the Prince's Foundation and serve as a museum and community and skills training centre.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foyle |first=Johnathan |date=27 June 2014 |title=Dumfries House: training the unemployed |url=https://www.ft.com/content/8e7fbb8a-f7c9-11e3-90fa-00144feabdc0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213123428/https://www.ft.com/content/8e7fbb8a-f7c9-11e3-90fa-00144feabdc0 |archive-date=13 December 2022 |access-date=4 May 2023 |newspaper=Financial Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2017 |title=Prince Charles to build wellbeing centre at Dumfries House |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/people/prince-charles-build-wellbeing-centre-dumfries-house-1444993 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007062410/https://www.scotsman.com/news/people/prince-charles-build-wellbeing-centre-dumfries-house-1444993 |archive-date=7 October 2022 |access-date=4 May 2023 |newspaper=The Scotsman}}</ref> This led to the development of [[Knockroon]], called the "Scottish Poundbury".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Freyberg |first=Annabel |date=27 May 2011 |title=Dumfries House: a Sleeping Beauty brought back to life by the Prince of Wales |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/8533968/Dumfries-House-a-Sleeping-Beauty-brought-back-to-life-by-the-Prince-of-Wales.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110530002701/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/8533968/Dumfries-House-a-Sleeping-Beauty-brought-back-to-life-by-the-Prince-of-Wales.html |archive-date=30 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Marrs |first=Colin |date=16 September 2016 |title=Prince Charles's stalled 'Scottish Poundbury' under scrutiny |url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/prince-charless-stalled-scottish-poundbury-under-scrutiny |access-date=4 May 2023 |magazine=Architect's Journal |archive-date=6 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206083826/https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/prince-charless-stalled-scottish-poundbury-under-scrutiny |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
After lamenting in 1996 the unbridled destruction of many of Canada's historic urban cores, Charles offered his assistance to the [[Department of Canadian Heritage]] in creating a trust modelled on Britain's [[National Trust]], a plan that was implemented with the passage of the [[2007 Canadian federal budget|federal budget in 2007]].<ref>{{Cite book |series=Department of Finance |url=http://www.budget.gc.ca/2007/pdf/bp2007e.pdf |title=The Budget Plan 2007: Aspire to a Stronger, Safer, Better Canada |date=19 March 2007 |publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada |page=99 |access-date=1 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612210045/http://www.budget.gc.ca/2007/pdf/bp2007e.pdf |archive-date=12 June 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1999, Charles agreed to the use of his title for the [[Prince of Wales Prize for Municipal Heritage Leadership]], awarded by the [[National Trust for Canada]] to municipal governments that have committed to the conservation of historic places.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Heritage Services |url=http://www.heritagecanada.org/eng/services/winners.html#pow |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914170352/http://www.heritagecanada.org/eng/services/winners.html |archive-date=14 September 2008 |access-date=12 October 2008 |publisher=Heritage Canada Foundation}}</ref>
 
Whilst visiting the US and surveying the damage caused by [[Hurricane Katrina]], Charles received the [[National Building Museum]]'s [[Vincent Scully Prize]] in 2005 for his efforts in regard to architecture; he donated $25,000 of the prize money towards restoring storm-damaged communities.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hales |first=Linda |date=26 October 2005 |title=Prince Charles to Accept Scully Prize at Building Museum |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/25/AR2005102501514.html |url-status=live |access-date=19 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305002651/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/25/AR2005102501514.html |archive-date=5 March 2016}}; {{Cite web |title=The Prince of Wales Accepts Vincent Scully Prize |url=http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=11&int_new=15419&int_modo=1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523221124/http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=11&int_new=15419&int_modo=1 |archive-date=23 May 2013 |access-date=19 April 2013 |publisher=artdaily.com}}</ref> For his work as patron of New Classical architecture, Charles was awarded the 2012 [[Driehaus Architecture Prize]] from the [[University of Notre Dame]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 February 2012 |title=Prince Charles honored for his architectural patronage |url=https://news.nd.edu/news/prince-charles-honored-for-his-architectural-patronage |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824124603/https://news.nd.edu/news/prince-charles-honored-for-his-architectural-patronage |archive-date=24 August 2020 |access-date=4 October 2017 |publisher=Notre Dame News}}</ref> The [[Worshipful Company of Carpenters]] installed Charles as an Honorary Liveryman "in recognition of his interest in London's architecture."<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us |url=http://www.thecarpenterscompany.co.uk/pages/about_us/default.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717001302/http://www.thecarpenterscompany.co.uk/pages/about_us/default.aspx |archive-date=17 July 2012 |access-date=17 June 2012 |website=Carpenters' Company website}}</ref>
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Charles has controversially championed [[alternative medicine]], including [[homeopathy]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Feder |first=Barnaby J. |date=9 January 1985 |title=More Britons Trying Holistic Medicine |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/01/09/garden/more-britons-trying-holistic-medicine.html |url-status=live |access-date=12 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601212116/http://www.nytimes.com/1985/01/09/garden/more-britons-trying-holistic-medicine.html |archive-date=1 June 2013 |oclc=1645522}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> He first publicly expressed his interest in the topic in December 1982, in an address to the [[British Medical Association]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bower |first=Tom |title=The Rebel Prince, The Power, Passion and Defiance of Prince Charles |date=2018 |publisher=William Collins |isbn=978-0-00-829173-0 |location=London |chapter="Chapter 6" |author-link=Tom Bower}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |author=The Prince of Wales |date=December 2012 |title=Integrated health and post modern medicine |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=105 |issue=12 |pages=496–498 |doi=10.1258/jrsm.2012.12k095 |pmc=3536513 |pmid=23263785 | issn=0141-0768 }}; {{Cite web |last=Hamilton-Smith |first=Anthony |date=9 April 1990 |title=Medicine: Complementary and Conventional Treatments |url=https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/1990-04-09/debates/6296182a-aae3-4b12-af8d-725a4f1f5325/MedicineComplementaryAndConventionaltreatments |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913190402/https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/1990-04-09/debates/6296182a-aae3-4b12-af8d-725a4f1f5325/MedicineComplementaryAndConventionaltreatments |archive-date=13 September 2022 |access-date=13 September 2022}}; {{cite web |last=Rainey |first=Sarah |date=12 November 2013 |title=Prince Charles and homeopathy: crank or revolutionary? |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/prince-charles/10433939/Prince-Charles-and-homeopathy-crank-or-revolutionary.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214095738/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/prince-charles/10433939/Prince-Charles-and-homeopathy-crank-or-revolutionary.html |archive-date=14 February 2021 |access-date=22 June 2022 |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |quote=}}</ref> This speech was seen as "combative" and "critical" of modern medicine and was met with anger by some medical professionals.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Rawlins |first=Richard |date=March 2013 |title=Response to HRH |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=106 |issue=3 |pages=79–80 |doi=10.1177/0141076813478789 |pmc=3595413 |pmid=23481428 |quote=}}; {{Cite book |last=Ernst |first=Edzard |title=Charles, the alternative prince an unauthorised biography |date=2022 |publisher=Imprint Academic |isbn=978-1-78836-070-8}}; {{Cite journal |last=Weissmann |first=Gerald |date=September 2006 |title=Homeopathy: Holmes, Hogwarts, and the Prince of Wales |journal=The FASEB Journal |volume=20 |issue=11 |pages=1755–1758 |doi=10.1096/fj.06-0901ufm |pmid=16940145 |s2cid=9305843 |quote=|doi-access=free }}</ref> Similarly, [[the Prince's Foundation for Integrated Health]] (FIH) attracted opposition from the scientific and medical community over its campaign encouraging [[general practitioner]]s to offer [[Herbal medicine|herbal]] and other alternative treatments to NHS patients.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Carr-Brown |first=Jonathon |date=14 August 2005 |title=Charles's 'alternative GP' campaign stirs anger |work=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/charless-alternative-gp-campaign-stirs-anger-zlq9rbk9ndf |url-status=live |access-date=11 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622192659/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/charless-alternative-gp-campaign-stirs-anger-zlq9rbk9ndf |archive-date=22 June 2018}} {{Subscription required}}</ref><ref name="guardian-coffee-cancer">{{Cite news |last=Revill |first=Jo |date=27 June 2004 |title=Now Charles backs coffee cure for cancer |work=[[The Observer]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/jun/27/themonarchy.medicineandhealth |url-status=live |access-date=19 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927115424/http://www.theguardian.com/society/2004/jun/27/themonarchy.medicineandhealth |archive-date=27 September 2013}}</ref>
 
In April 2008, ''The Times'' published a letter from [[Edzard Ernst]], Professorprofessor of [[Complementarycomplementary Medicinemedicine]] at the [[University of Exeter]], which asked the FIH to recall two guides promoting alternative medicine. That year, Ernst published a book with [[Simon Singh]] called ''[[Trick or Treatment: Alternative Medicine on Trial]]'' and mockingly dedicated to "HRH the Prince of Wales". The last chapter is highly critical of Charles's advocacy of complementary and alternative treatments.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Simon |title=Trick or Treatment: Alternative Medicine on Trial |title-link=Trick or Treatment? |last2=Ernst |first2=Edzard |date=2008 |publisher=[[Bantam Press]] |author-link=Simon Singh |author-link2=Edzard Ernst}}</ref>
 
Charles's Duchy Originals produced a variety of complementary medicinal products, including a "Detox Tincture" that Ernst denounced as "financially exploiting the vulnerable" and "outright [[quackery]]".<ref name="TelegraphAltMed">{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Tim |date=31 October 2009 |title=Prince Charles lobbies Andy Burnham on complementary medicine for NHS |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mandrake/6474595/Prince-Charles-lobbies-Andy-Burnham-on-complementary-medicine-for-NHS.html |url-status=live |access-date=1 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327154332/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/mandrake/6474595/Prince-Charles-lobbies-Andy-Burnham-on-complementary-medicine-for-NHS.html |archive-date=27 March 2010}}</ref> Charles personally wrote at least seven letters<ref>{{Cite web |last=Colquhoun |first=David |author-link=David Colquhoun |date=12 March 2007 |title=HRH 'meddling in politics' |url=http://www.dcscience.net/?p=89 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101115065128/http://www.dcscience.net/?p=89 |archive-date=15 November 2010 |access-date=6 November 2009 |publisher=DC's Improbable Science}}</ref> to the [[Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency]] shortly before it relaxed the rules governing labelling of such herbal products, a move that was widely condemned by scientists and medical bodies.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Hawkes |first1=Nigel |last2=Henderson |first2=Mark |date=1 September 2006 |title=Doctors attack natural remedy claims |work=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/doctors-attack-natural-remedy-claims-mchf8nkw22j |url-status=live |access-date=22 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622193109/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/doctors-attack-natural-remedy-claims-mchf8nkw22j |archive-date=22 June 2018}} {{subscription required}}</ref> It was reported in October 2009 that Charles had lobbied the health secretary, [[Andy Burnham]], regarding greater provision of alternative treatments in the NHS.<ref name=TelegraphAltMed/>
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[[File:Otec Jaroslav a JKV Charles.jpg|thumb|left|With [[Czech Orthodox]] priest {{ill|Jaroslav Šuvarský|cs}} in [[Prague]], Czech Republic, March 2010|alt=Charles conversing with Jaroslav Šuvarský]]
 
[[Laurens van der Post]] became a friend of Charles in 1977; he was dubbed Charles's "spiritual guru" and was godfather to Prince William.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Garner |first=Clare |date=17 December 1996 |title=Prince's guru dies aged 90 |work=The Independent (UK) |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/princes-guru-dies-aged-90-1314900.html |url-status=live |access-date=31 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121220174006/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/princes-guru-dies-aged-90-1314900.html |archive-date=20 December 2012}}</ref> From van der Post, Charles developed a focus on philosophy and an interest in other religions.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 December 1996 |title=S African author Laurens van der Post dies in London |publisher=Irish Times |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/s-african-author-laurens-van-der-post-dies-in-london-1.116819 |url-status=live |access-date=8 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308220846/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/s-african-author-laurens-van-der-post-dies-in-london-1.116819 |archive-date=8 March 2021}}</ref> Charles expressed his philosophical views in his 2010 book, ''[[Harmony: A New Way of Looking at Our World]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 January 2012 |title=Review: In Harmony with a Philosopher King |publisher=Wessex School Of Philosophy |first1=Raymond |last1=Payne |url=http://www.philosophyinwessex.org/in-harmony-with-a-philosophy-king |url-status=dead |access-date=30 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808035942/http://www.philosophyinwessex.org/in-harmony-with-a-philosophy-king |archive-date=8 August 2014 |postscript=; }} {{Cite news |date=29 March 2013 |title=It's time for harmony between science and spirituality |publisher=Positive News |first1=Paul |last1=Fletcher |url=http://positivenews.org.uk/2013/wellbeing/spirit/11760/its-time-harmony-science-spirituality |url-status=dead |access-date=30 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808033717/http://positivenews.org.uk/2013/wellbeing/spirit/11760/its-time-harmony-science-spirituality |archive-date=8 August 2014 |postscript=; }} {{Cite news |date=6 December 2010 |title=Books of the Year – Harmony and Farundell |website=Philip Carr-Gomm |url=https://philipcarr-gomm.com/books-of-the-year-harmony-and-farundell/ |access-date=30 July 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200924011005/https://philipcarr-gomm.com/books-of-the-year-harmony-and-farundell/ |archive-date= Sep 24, September 2020 }}<!--Old link was https://archive.today/20140805160225/http://philipcarrgomm.wordpress.com/2010/12/06/books-of-the-year-harmony-and-farundell--></ref> which won a Nautilus Book Award.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2011 Nautilus Awards Gold Winners |url=http://www.nautilusbookawards.com/2011_GOLD_Winners.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111219163149/http://nautilusbookawards.com/2011_GOLD_Winners.html |archive-date=19 December 2011 |access-date=11 May 2013 |publisher=Nautilus Book Awards}}</ref> He has also visited [[Eastern Orthodox]] monasteries on [[Mount Athos]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Helena |date=12 May 2004 |title=Has Prince Charles found his true spiritual home on a Greek rock? |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk_news/story/0,3604,1214522,00.html |url-status=live |access-date=25 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401092057/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2004/may/12/monarchy.helenasmith |archive-date=1 April 2021 |issn=1756-3224 |oclc=60623878}}</ref> in Romania,<ref name="ref1">{{Cite web |date=13 May 2003 |title=Prinţul Charles, fermier de Fălticeni |trans-title=Prince Charles, farm owner in Fălticeni |url=http://www.evz.ro/detalii/stiri/printul-charles-fermier-de-falticeni-616319.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105061103/http://www.evz.ro/detalii/stiri/printul-charles-fermier-de-falticeni-616319.html |archive-date=5 November 2013 |website=[[Evenimentul Zilei]] |language=ro}}</ref> and in Serbia,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Princ Čarls u manastiru Kovilj |trans-title=Prince Charles in the Kovilj monastery |url=https://www.ekspres.net/drustvo/princ-carls-u-manastiru-kovilj |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170926035631/https://www.ekspres.net/drustvo/princ-carls-u-manastiru-kovilj |archive-date=26 September 2017 |access-date=9 September 2022 |website=Ekspres.net |language=sr-Latn}}</ref> and met with Eastern Church leaders in Jerusalem in 2020, during a visit that culminated in an ecumenical service in the [[Church of the Nativity]] in Bethlehem and a walk through the city accompanied by Christian and Muslim dignitaries.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2020 |title=Prince Charles wishes Palestinians 'freedom, justice and equality' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/jan/24/prince-charles-wishes-palestinians-freedom-justice-and-equality-west-bank |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326161121/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/jan/24/prince-charles-wishes-palestinians-freedom-justice-and-equality-west-bank |archive-date=26 March 2020 |access-date=27 March 2020 |newspaper=The Guardian}} {{cite web |date=24 January 2020 |title=Charles arrives in Bethlehem during historic Palestinian visit |url=https://www.itv.com/news/2020-01-24/charles-arrives-in-bethlehem-during-historic-palestinian-visit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327044648/https://www.itv.com/news/2020-01-24/charles-arrives-in-bethlehem-during-historic-palestinian-visit |archive-date=27 March 2020 |access-date=27 March 2020 |publisher=ITV News}}</ref> Charles also attended the consecration of Britain's first [[Syriac Orthodox]] cathedral, [[St Thomas Cathedral, Acton]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 November 2016 |title=Britain's first Syriac Orthodox Cathedral consecrated |url=https://www.anglicannews.org/news/2016/11/britains-first-syriac-orthodox-cathedral-consecrated.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126162550/https://www.anglicannews.org/news/2016/11/britains-first-syriac-orthodox-cathedral-consecrated.aspx |archive-date=26 November 2016 |access-date=9 April 2021 |website=Anglican Communion News Service}}</ref> Charles is patron of the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies at the [[University of Oxford]] and attended the inauguration of the [[Markfield Institute of Higher Education]], which is dedicated to Islamic studies in a multicultural context.<ref name="princeofwales">{{Cite web |date=9 February 2005 |title=HRH visits the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies new building |url=http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/newsandgallery/news/hrh_visits_the_oxford_centre_for_islamic_studies_new_buildin_566.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070619191733/http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/newsandgallery/news/hrh_visits_the_oxford_centre_for_islamic_studies_new_buildin_566.html |archive-date=19 June 2007 |access-date=15 December 2008 |publisher=The Prince of Wales}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About OCIS |url=http://www.oxcis.ac.uk/about.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028192204/http://www.oxcis.ac.uk/about.html |archive-date=28 October 2007 |publisher=[[Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies]]}} {{cite web |publisher=MarkfieldInstitute |title=Introduction to MIHE |date=29 January 2009 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIZHXhVfBEs&t=51s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308163533/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIZHXhVfBEs&t=51s |access-date=29 April 2017 |archive-date=8 March 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>
In his 1994 documentary with Dimbleby, Charles said that, when king, he wished to be seen as a "defender of faith", rather than the British monarch's traditional title of ''[[Defender of the Faith]]'', "preferr[ing] to embrace all religious traditions and 'the pattern of the divine, which I think is in all of us.{{'"}}<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Kevin |last2=Boorstein |first2=Michelle |date=13 September 2022 |title=King Charles III may bring new approach to 'Defender of the Faith' |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/09/13/king-charles-religion-faith |url-status=live |access-date=13 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913152120/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/09/13/king-charles-religion-faith |archive-date=13 September 2022}}</ref> This attracted controversy at the time, as well as speculation that the coronation oath might be altered.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sherwood |first=Harriet |date=9 September 2022 |title=King Charles to be Defender of the Faith but also a defender of faiths |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/sep/09/king-charles-to-be-defender-of-the-faith-but-also-a-defender-of-faiths |url-status=live |access-date=13 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220912175237/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/sep/09/king-charles-to-be-defender-of-the-faith-but-also-a-defender-of-faiths |archive-date=12 September 2022 |issn=1756-3224 |oclc=60623878}}</ref> He stated in 2015 that he would retain the title of ''Defender of the Faith'', whilst "ensuring that other people's faiths can also be practised", which he sees as a duty of the Church of England.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Charles vows to keep "Defender of the Faith" title as King |publisher=secularism.org.uk |url=http://www.secularism.org.uk/news/2015/02/charles-vows-to-keep-defender-of-the-faith-title-as-king |url-status=live |access-date=24 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715203555/http://www.secularism.org.uk/news/2015/02/charles-vows-to-keep-defender-of-the-faith-title-as-king |archive-date=15 July 2015}}</ref> Charles reaffirmed this theme shortly after his accession and declared that his duties as sovereign included "the duty to protect the diversity of our country, including by protecting the space for faith itself and its practice through the religions, cultures, traditions, and beliefs to which our hearts and minds direct us as individuals."<ref name="Davies16Sep22" /> His inclusive, multi-faith approach and his own Christian beliefs were expressed in his first [[Christmas message]] as king.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Coughlan |first=Sean |date=26 December 2022 |title=King Charles' first Christmas speech reflects cost-of-living crisis |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-64053758 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229194241/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-64053758 |archive-date=29 December 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=BBC News}}</ref>
 
His inclusive, multi-faith approach and his own Christian beliefs were expressed in his first [[Christmas message]] as king. In line with his multi-faith approach, Charles has served as a patron of the [[Council of Christians and Jews]] and of the [[Jewish Museum London]].<ref name="Jewish-Museum">{{Cite web |last=Prinsley |first=Jane |title=King Charles renews patronage of Jewish Museum London |url=https://www.thejc.com/news/uk/king-charles-renews-patronage-of-jewish-museum-london-ugwzyewt |access-date=7 January 2025 |website=thejc.com |quote=Originally appointed patron of the museum in 2008, the King's renewed patronage is a "huge vote of confidence in reiterating the importance of the Jewish Museum London," a spokesperson for the museum said.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2024 |title=HM The King to be Patron of the Council of Christians and Jews |url=https://www.cbcew.org.uk/king-charles-iii-patron-of-ccj/ |access-date=7 January 2025 |website=Catholic Bishops' Conference}}</ref>
 
== Media image and public opinion ==
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{{further|Finances of the British royal family}}
 
In 2023, ''[[The Guardian]]'' estimated Charles's personal wealth at [[Pound sterling|£]]1.8 billion.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Pegg |first=David |title=Revealed: King Charles's private fortune estimated at £1.8bn |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ng-interactive/2023/apr/20/revealed-king-charless-private-fortune-estimated-at-almost-2bn |url-status=live |access-date=20 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420091007/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ng-interactive/2023/apr/20/revealed-king-charless-private-fortune-estimated-at-almost-2bn |archive-date=20 April 2023 |oclc=60623878}}</ref> This estimate includes the assets of the [[Duchy of Lancaster]] worth £653 million (and paying Charles an annual income of £20 million), jewels worth £533 million, real estate worth £330 million, shares and investments worth £142 million, [[Royal Philatelic Collection|a stamp collection]] worth at least £100 million, racehorses worth £27 million, artworks worth £24 million, and cars worth £6.3 million.<ref name=":0"/> Most of this wealth which he inherited from his mother was exempt from inheritance tax.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite news |last=Boffey |first=Daniel |date=13 September 2022 |title=King Charles will not pay tax on inheritance from the Queen |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/sep/13/king-charles-will-not-pay-tax-on-inheritance-from-the-queen |url-status=live |access-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423100639/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/sep/13/king-charles-will-not-pay-tax-on-inheritance-from-the-queen |archive-date=23 April 2023 |issn=1756-3224 |oclc=60623878}}</ref>[[File:Clarence house.jpg|thumb|[[Clarence House]], Charles's London residence since 2003|alt=Photograph of Clarence House, a white building with a Union flag flying over it]]
 
Clarence House, previously the residence of the Queen Mother, was Charles's official London residence from 2003, after being renovated at a cost of £6.1&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news|work=The Guardian|title=Clarence House makeover in grand hotel manner|first=Maev|last=Kennedy|url=https://theguardian.com/uk/2003/aug/06/monarchy.arts|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528075305/https://theguardian.com/uk/2003/aug/06/monarchy.arts|date=6 August 2003|access-date=28 May 2024|archive-date=28 May 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> He previously shared apartments eight and nine at Kensington Palace with Diana before moving to [[York House, St James's Palace|York House]] at St James's Palace, which remained his principal residence until 2003.<ref name=clarence/> Highgrove House in Gloucestershire is owned by the Duchy of Cornwall, having been purchased for Charles's use in 1980, and which he rented for £336,000 per annum.{{sfn|Temple|2012}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bates |first=Stephen |date=28 July 2005 |title=MPs tell Prince of Wales: Open up |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/jul/28/monarchy.immigrationpolicy |access-date=19 May 2023 |issn=1756-3224 |oclc=60623878 |archive-date=23 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523030646/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2005/jul/28/monarchy.immigrationpolicy |url-status=live }}</ref> Since William became Duke of Cornwall, Charles is expected to pay £700,000 per annum for use of the property.<ref>{{cite magazine|magazine=Cosmopolitan|title=King Charles has to pay Prince William £700,000 in rent to keep his Highgrove home|first=Mehera|last=Bonner|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a41131938/king-charles-pay-prince-william-rent-highgrove/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231016202710/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a41131938/king-charles-pay-prince-william-rent-highgrove/|date=9 September 2022|access-date=28 May 2024|archive-date=16 October 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Charles also owns a property near the village of [[Viscri]] in Romania.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Muir |first=Ellie |date=31 May 2023 |title=A fireplace, CD player and a 'little wooden bed': Inside King Charles's Romanian hideaway that you can rent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/king-charles-romania-transylvania-royal-rent-property-b2348995.html |access-date=3 June 2023 |work=The Independent|archive-date=1 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601151243/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/royal-family/king-charles-romania-transylvania-royal-rent-property-b2348995.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|work=BBC News|title=Romanian tourists swamp village loved by Prince Charles|first=Stephen|last=McGrath|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53984239|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528165522/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-53984239|date=6 September 2020|access-date=3 June 2023|archive-date=28 May 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| image3 = Royal Cypher of King Charles III (Canada).svg
| alt3 = A logo with "CR III" and a crown
| caption3 = Canadian royal cypher of Charles III, surmounted by the [[Canadian Royal Crown]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Heritage |first=Canadian |date=2017-08-11 August 2017 |title=Canadian Royal Crown and Royal Cypher |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/royal-symbols-titles/royal-crown-cypher.html |access-date=3 May 2024-05-03 |website=www.canada.ca |archive-date=29 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929225100/https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/services/royal-symbols-titles/royal-crown-cypher.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
 
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| 29 April 2011
| [[Catherine Middleton]]
| {{unbulleted list|[[Prince George of Wales]]<hr />| [[Princess Charlotte of Wales (born 2015)|Princess Charlotte of Wales]]<hr />| [[Prince Louis of Wales]] }}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex]]
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| 19 May 2018
| [[Meghan Markle]]
| {{unbulleted list|[[Prince Archie of Sussex]]<hr />| [[Princess Lilibet of Sussex]]}}
|}
 
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