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'''Eugene''' ({{IPAc-en|j|uː|ˈ|dʒ|iː|n}} {{respell|yoo|JEEN}}) is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Lane County, Oregon]], United States. It is located at the southern end of the [[Willamette Valley]], near the confluence of the [[McKenzie River (Oregon)|McKenzie]] and [[Willamette River|Willamette]] rivers, about {{convert|50|mi|km}} east of the [[Oregon Coast]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Google Maps |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/44%C2%B003'08.0%22N+123%C2%B005'33.0%22W/@44.052222,-123.0925,12z/data=!4m4!3m3!8m2!3d44.052222!4d-123.0925?hl=en&entry=ttu |website=Google Maps |access-date=March 23, 2024 }}</ref>
The [[List of cities in Oregon|second-most populous city]] in Oregon, Eugene had a population of 176,654 as of the [[2020 United States census]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/eugenecityoregon |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Eugene city, Oregon |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=July 20, 2022 |archive-date=July 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712232625/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/eugenecityoregon |url-status=live }}</ref> and it covers city area of {{cvt|44.21|mi2|km2}}. The [[Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA|Eugene-Springfield metropolitan statistical area]] is the second largest in Oregon after [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]].<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov/ |website=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 5, 2016 |
Eugene is home to the [[University of Oregon]], [[Bushnell University]], and [[Lane Community College]].<ref>{{cite web |title=University of Oregon |url=http://uoregon.edu/ |website=uoregon.edu |access-date=January 6, 2016 |archive-date=January 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105093126/http://koch@uoregon.edu/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nwcu.edu/ |title=Northwest Christian University - Private University in Eugene, Oregon |website=Northwest Christian University |language=en-US |access-date=February 5, 2019 |archive-date=February 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020237/https://www.nwcu.edu/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lane Community College |url=https://www.lanecc.edu/ |website=www.lanecc.edu |access-date=January 6, 2016 |archive-date=January 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104005051/https://www.lanecc.edu/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The city is noted for its natural environment, recreational opportunities (especially [[Cycling|bicycling]], [[running]]/[[jogging]], [[rafting]], and [[kayak]]ing), and focus on the arts, along with its history of civil unrest, riots, and green activism. Eugene's official motto is "A Great City for the Arts and Outdoors".<ref>{{cite web |title=Eugene dials back its slogan |url=http://www.oregonlive.com/news/index.ssf/2010/05/eugene_dials_back_its_slogan.html |website=OregonLive.com |date=May 7, 2010 |access-date=January 6, 2016 |archive-date=January 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121195738/http://www.oregonlive.com/news/index.ssf/2010/05/eugene_dials_back_its_slogan.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It is also referred to as the "Emerald City" and as "[[TrackTown USA|Track Town, USA]]".<ref>Caple, Jim (July 4, 2008). [https://www.espn.com/olympics/trackandfield/columns/story?columnist=caple_jim&id=3472344 "Why did we have to wait so long for the trials to return to Pre Country?"] . ESPN. Retrieved June 7, 2010.</ref> The [[Nike, Inc.|Nike corporation]] had its beginnings in Eugene.<ref name="History & Heritage">{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529002053/http://www.nikebiz.com/company_overview/history/1950s.html |url=http://www.nikebiz.com/company_overview/history/1950s.html |archive-date=May 29, 2010 |title=History & Heritage |publisher=Nike |url-status=dead}}</ref> In July 2022, the city hosted the 18th [[2022 World Athletics Championships|World Athletics Championship]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Eugene to Host 2021 Track World Championships |url=http://www.runnersworld.com/newswire/eugene-to-host-2021-track-world-championships |website=Runner's World |access-date=January 6, 2016 |date=April 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201082941/https://www.runnersworld.com/newswire/eugene-to-host-2021-track-world-championships |archive-date=December 1, 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
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One hotspot for protest activity since the 1990s has been the [[Whiteaker, Eugene, Oregon|Whiteaker]] district, located in the northwest of downtown Eugene. The Whiteaker is primarily a [[working-class]] neighborhood that has become a cultural hub, center of community and activism and home to alternative artists. It saw an increase of activity in the 1990s after many young people drawn to Eugene's political climate relocated there.<ref name="harpers.org">{{cite magazine |date=May 5, 2000 |title=Notes from Underground: Among the radicals of the Pacific Northwest |magazine=Harper's Magazine |volume=May 2000 |url=https://harpers.org/archive/2000/05/notes-from-underground/ |access-date=July 18, 2020 |last1=Samuels |first1=David |archive-date=July 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719121253/https://harpers.org/archive/2000/05/notes-from-underground/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Animal rights groups have had a heavy presence in the Whiteaker, and several [[vegan]] restaurants are located there. According to [[David Samuels (writer)|David Samuels]], the [[Animal Liberation Front]] and the [[Earth Liberation Front]] have had an underground presence in the neighborhood.<ref name="harpers">{{cite news |last=Samuels |first=David |author-link=David Samuels (writer) |date=May 2000 |title=Notes from underground: Among the radicals of the Pacific Northwest |pages=35–47 |newspaper=Harpers}}</ref> The neighborhood is home to a number of communal apartment buildings, which are often organized by anarchist or environmentalist groups. Local activists have also produced independent films and started art galleries, community gardens, and independent media outlets. [[Copwatch]], [[Food Not Bombs]], and [[Critical Mass (cycling)|Critical Mass]] are also active in the neighborhood.<ref name="ew">{{cite news |last=Abraham |first=Kera |date=November 9, 2006 |title=Flames of Dissent |newspaper=Eugene Weekly |url=http://www.eugeneweekly.com/2006/11/09/news1.html |access-date=November 15, 2011 |archive-date=February 9, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209061339/http://www.eugeneweekly.com/2006/11/09/news1.html |url-status=dead}}</ref>
The 21st century has seen continued environmental and social justice activism. In 2011, the [[Occupy Eugene]] protests from October to December occurred in connection with the [[Occupy Wall Street]] movement, and these local protests included around 2000 participants.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=The Oregonian News |date=2011-10-15 |title='Occupy Eugene' march planned Saturday afternoon |url=https://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/2011/10/occupy_eugene_march_planned_sa.html |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=oregonlive |language=en}}</ref> In 2020, George Floyd protests occurred in May and June, including peaceful demonstrations and riots. These protests in connection with the nationwide [[2020 George Floyd protests]] resulted in increased consciousness towards Eugene's black history and race issues and resulted in the renaming of [[University Hall (University of Oregon)|University Hall]] and the toppling of the Pioneer and Pioneer mother statues at the University of Oregon.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=News |date=2020-05-29 |title=March in Eugene to protest George Floyd death takes destructive turn |url=https://kval.com/news/local/people-march-chant-in-streets-of-downtown-eugene-to-protest-george-floyd-death |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=KVAL |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=E. W. |date=2020-06-11 |title=Fighting for Change |url=https://eugeneweekly.com/2020/06/11/fighting-for-change/ |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Eugene Weekly |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title= |url=https://www.dailyemerald.com/news/breaking-protesters-tear-down-pioneer-statues-after-deady-hall-protest/article_3526f140-adec-11ea-8f06-2bb6cab42c73.html}}</ref> In 2023 and 2024, pro-Palestinian demonstrations were organized by many different activist groups across the city, and saw major events like marches with hundreds of participants, the April 15th, 2024 I-5 protest which blocked southbound I-5 traffic for hours and resulted in the largest mass arrests in Eugene activist history <ref>{{Cite web |last=Desaulniers |first=Robert |date=2024-04-15 |title=More than 50 arrested after protest that shut down Interstate 5 Monday morning |url=https://www.kezi.com/news/more-than-50-arrested-after-protest-that-shut-down-interstate-5-monday-morning/article_1df18bc0-fb4f-11ee-bee2-f7775b004319.html |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=KEZI 9 News |language=en}}</ref> and the "Popular University for Gaza" encampment at the University of Oregon in May of 2024 as part of the [[2024 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses|2024 pro-Palestinian protests on college campuses]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Oregon students set up encampment to protest Gaza conflict |url=https://www.opb.org/article/2024/04/30/university-of-oregon-students-set-up-encampment-to-protest-gaza-conflict/ |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=opb |language=en}}</ref>
==Geography==
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==Media==
{{Main|Media in Eugene, Oregon}}
===Print===
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====Cycling====
Cycling is popular in Eugene and many people commute via bicycle. Summertime events and festivals frequently have valet bicycle parking corrals that are often filled to capacity by three hundred or more bikes. Many people commute to work by bicycle every month of the year. PeaceHealth Rides, a bike share system formerly operated by Uber subsidiary JUMP, and currently operated by non-profit Cascadia Mobility, offers 300 city-owned bicycles available to the public for a small fee
[[File:NorthBankTrails.jpg|thumb|left|The North Bank Bike Path is a popular trail for cyclists.]]
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====Air travel====
Air travel is served by the [[Eugene Airport]], also known as Mahlon Sweet Field, which is the fifth largest airport in the Northwest and second largest airport in [[Oregon]]. The Eugene Metro area also has numerous private airports.<ref>{{cite web|title=Appendix N Privately Owned Private Use Airports with Three or More Based Aircraft|url=https://www.oregon.gov/aviation/plans-and-programs/Documents/Land%20Use%20Compatibility%20Guidebook/ODA_Land-Use_Guidebook_Appendix%20N.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=City of Eugene Announcement of Opening: Airport Manager |url=http://www.eugene-or.gov/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_191084_0_0_18/airportmanagerbrochure.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721035612/http://www.eugene-or.gov/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_191084_0_0_18/airportmanagerbrochure.pdf |archive-date=July 21, 2011 |publisher=City of Eugene}}</ref> The Eugene Metro area also has several [[heliport]]s, such as the [[Sacred Heart Medical Center Heliport]] and Mahlon Sweet Field Heliport, and many single [[helipad]]s.
====Highways====
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==In popular culture==
*The [[Vertigo Comics|DC Vertigo]] [[comic book]] series ''[[iZombie (comic book)|iZombie]]'' is set in Eugene.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Templeton |first1=Molly |title='I, Zombie': The undead roam Eugene in a new comic series |url=https://eugeneweekly.com/2010/05/17/i-zombie-the-undead-roam-eugene-in-a-new-comic-series/ |website=Eugene Weekly |date=May 17, 2010 |access-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918155320/https://eugeneweekly.com/2010/05/17/i-zombie-the-undead-roam-eugene-in-a-new-comic-series/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*Eugene is mentioned in ''[[The Simpsons]]'' episode ''[[Margical History Tour]]'' and the ''[[Futurama]]'' episode ''[[The 30% Iron Chef]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Palmer |first1=Susan |date=February 10, 2004 |title=It's No Joke: Eugene Gets a Plug on 'The Simpsons' |work=The Register-Guard |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/IT%27S+NO+JOKE%3A+EUGENE+GETS+A+PLUG+ON+%27THE+SIMPSONS%27.-a0113206410 |access-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918155319/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/IT%27S+NO+JOKE%3A+EUGENE+GETS+A+PLUG+ON+%27THE+SIMPSONS%27.-a0113206410 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lundin |first1=Ben |title=The Oregon bum |url=https://archive.psuvanguard.com/the-oregon-bum/ |website=Vanguard |date=July 14, 2009 |access-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-date=September 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210918155322/https://archive.psuvanguard.com/the-oregon-bum/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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