Naqshbandi: Difference between revisions

The '''Naqshbandi order''' ({{langx|ar|الطريقة النقشبندية|translit=aṭ-Ṭarīqat an-Naqshbandiyya}}) is a [[Sufi]] [[Tariqa|order]] of [[Sunni Islam]] named after [[Baha' al-Din Naqshband|Baha al-Din Naqshband]]. They trace their {{Transliteration|ar|[[silsila]]}} (chain of succession) to [[Prophet Muhammad]] through the first caliph [[Abu Bakr]] ({{Reign|632|634}}) by the way of [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]]. The Naqshbandi Sufi order is most distinguished from other Sunni schools[[Tariqa|Sufi orders]] by the high level of importance they assign to the [[sharia]], highlighted by major Naqshbandi scholars such as [[Ahmad Sirhindi]] and [[Shah Waliullah Dehlawi]].<ref>Dahlawi in Maqalaat al Waziyah fi Naseehat al-Wasiyah, page 7 (Lucknow)</ref><ref>Sirhindi in Maktubat, Volume 9:173#123</ref>

The first known Naqshbandi murshid in [[Malay Archipelago]] was [[Yusuf al-Makassari]], a 17th century Islamic scholar who also introduced [[Khalwatiyya]] to the region. However, the order quickly disappeared before being introduced again in the 19th century. There are two well known branches of Naqshbandiyya iniin Southeast Asia. The first one is Khalidiyya, introduced by [[Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi|Ismail al-Minankabawi]], a disciple of Abdullah al-Arzinjani in Mecca, and spread across [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], and [[Malay Peninsula]]. [[Islamic Education Movement|PERTI]], an [[Indonesia|Indonesian]] Islamic organization from [[Minangkabau Highlands]], was founded by [[Sulaiman ar-Rasuli]] and other Khalidi clerics. The other branch is Mazhariyya, named after Shamsuddin Mazhar, a Naqshbandi branch through Abu Said al-Ahmadi, one of Abdullah Dehlawi's khalifas. Mazhariyya is the main Naqshbandi branch in [[Madura]], brought by Abdul Azim al-Maduri after studying in Mecca. Another related order is [[Qadiriyya wa Naqshbandiyya]], a fusion of [[Qadiriyya]] and Naqshbandiyya, whose sheikhs in [[Banten]] and [[Lombok]] led rebellions against the [[Dutch East Indies]] at the end of the 19th century.<ref>{{cite book|first=Martin|last=van Bruinessen|author-link=Martin van Bruinessen|date=1994|title=Tarekat Naqsyabandiyah di Indonesia|language=ID|location=Bandung|publisher=Mizan|isbn=979-433-000-0}}</ref>