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[[File:PIT_TVI_aniGIF_byCramYourSpam_PublicDomain_2024.gif|thumb|PIT maneuver diagram (animated GIF image)]]
<!-- [[Image:pit maneuver.svg|thumb|right|Outline of the stages of the PIT maneuver; the target is in front of the police car.]] -->▼
[[File:California_Highway_Patrol_ending_pursuit_with_PIT_on_I-80.jpg|thumb|[[California Highway Patrol]] cruisers using a PIT maneuver to disable a fleeing vehicle]]
The '''PIT maneuver''' ('''precision immobilization technique'''<ref name=":0">Raviv, Shaun, and John Sullivan, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/investigations/pit-maneuver-police-deaths/ "Police driving maneuver used to end chases has killed 30 people since 2016, The Post finds"], ''Washington Post'', August 24, 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-24.</ref>), also known as '''TVI''' ('''tactical vehicle intervention'''), is a law enforcement [[Car chase|pursuit]] tactic in which a pursuing vehicle forces another vehicle to turn sideways abruptly, causing the driver to lose control and stop.<ref name="GACP1">{{cite web |title=Law Enforcement Pursuits in Georgia: Review and Recommendations |url=https://gachiefs.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Pursuit-Committee-Recommendations-Report.pdf |website=Georgia Association of Chiefs of Police |access-date=2021-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314133247/http://www.gachiefs.com/pdfs/Pursuit%20Committee%20Recommendations%20Report.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-14 |date=2006-08-08 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> It was developed by BSR Inc. and first used by the [[Fairfax County Police Department]] in [[Virginia]], United States, in 1988.<ref name=GACP1 />▼
▲[[Image:pit maneuver.svg|thumb|right|Outline of the stages of the PIT maneuver; the target is in front of the police car.]]
▲The '''PIT maneuver''' ('''precision immobilization technique'''<ref name=":0">Raviv, Shaun, and John Sullivan, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2020/investigations/pit-maneuver-police-deaths/ "Police driving maneuver used to end chases has killed 30 people since 2016, The Post finds"], ''Washington Post'', August 24, 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-24.</ref>) also known as '''TVI''' ('''tactical vehicle intervention''') is a law enforcement [[Car chase|pursuit]] tactic in which a pursuing vehicle forces another vehicle to turn sideways abruptly, causing the driver to lose control and stop.<ref name="GACP1">{{cite web |title=Law Enforcement Pursuits in Georgia: Review and Recommendations |url=https://gachiefs.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Pursuit-Committee-Recommendations-Report.pdf |website=Georgia Association of Chiefs of Police |access-date=2021-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314133247/http://www.gachiefs.com/pdfs/Pursuit%20Committee%20Recommendations%20Report.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-14 |date=2006-08-08 |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> It was developed by BSR Inc. and first used by the [[Fairfax County Police Department]] in [[Virginia]], United States, in 1988.<ref name=GACP1 />
The PIT maneuver begins when the pursuing vehicle pulls alongside the fleeing vehicle so that the portion of the pursuer's vehicle forward of the front wheels is aligned with the portion of the target vehicle behind the back wheels. The pursuer gently makes contact with the target's side, then
==History==
The PIT originated in [[West Virginia]] during the late 1980s with a goal of halting fleeing vehicles as "tactical vehicle interception (T.V.I.)
==
While some police departments in the [[United States]] consider the PIT maneuver as an intermediate force option that can end a pursuit, others
Police pursuit policies in general — and the PIT maneuver specifically — are controversial because of risk of injury or death to both involved and uninvolved.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Lauer |first=Claudia |date=September 19, 2023 |title=New report recommends limiting police pursuits to violent crimes after rise in fatalities |url=https://apnews.com/article/police-vehicle-chase-pursuit-deaths-policy-ed2fe37280cec57e4377491348cc661d |website=Associated Press}}</ref> The PIT maneuver has been linked to at least 30 fatalities between 2016 and 2020.<ref name=":0" /> Of those fatalities, 18 occurred when officers attempted to stop motorists for minor traffic violations.<ref name=":0" /> Many police departments have placed regulations to limit the potential risks of the PIT maneuver and limit its use to serious situations, including pursuit of drivers with outstanding warrants or who are considered likely to be dangerous for other reasons.{{cn|date=March 2024}}
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In September 2023, an Arkansas State Trooper resigned after he performed a PIT maneuver on the wrong vehicle during a high-speed chase.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Bill |date=September 19, 2023 |title=Arkansas trooper retires after performing PIT maneuver on wrong car |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/4210935-arkansas-trooper-retires-after-performing-pit-maneuver-on-wrong-car/#:~:text=(KARK)%20%E2%80%93%20Officials%20with%20Arkansas,Francis%20County. |work=The Hill}}</ref>
▲== Procedure ==
▲The PIT maneuver begins when the pursuing vehicle pulls alongside the fleeing vehicle so that the portion of the pursuer's vehicle forward of the front wheels is aligned with the portion of the target vehicle behind the back wheels. The pursuer gently makes contact with the target's side, then steers sharply into the target. The pursuer must also accelerate or its bumper will slide off the target vehicle.<ref>{{cite web | last = Mascarenas | first = David |author2=G. Park |author3=C. Farrar | title = Escape and Evade Policies for High-Speed, Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles | publisher = Los Alamos National Security | date = 2011-11-27 | url = http://www.lanl.gov/science/ldrd/ldrdday/posters/Mascarenas.pdf }}</ref>
==References==
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