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Sibling abuse: Difference between revisions

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As with other forms of abuse among siblings, there is a large lack of reporting in sibling sexual abuse, as parents either do not recognize it as being abuse or try to cover the abuse.<ref name=":26" /> An increased risk of [[sibling sexual abuse]] may be found in a heightened sexual climate in a family, or in a rigidly, [[Sexual repression|sexually repressed]] family environments.<ref name=":25" /> Sexual abuse in siblings may have long-term affects on the victims. Many victims have been diagnosed with a variety of psychological problems.<ref name=":2" /> Victims have been recorded to correlate pain and fear with sex, leading to long term issues with [[intimacy]].<ref name=":24" />
 
Rudd and Herzberger report that brothers who committed [[incest]] were more likely to use force than fathers who commit incest (64% vs. 53%).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Rudd | first1 = J. M. | last2 = Herzberger | first2 = S. D. | year = 1999 | title = Brother-sister incest/father-daughter incest: A comparison of characteristics and consequences | journal = Child Abuse and Neglect | volume = 23 | issue = 9 | pages = 915–928 | doi = 10.1016/s0145-2134(99)00058-7 | pmid = 10505905 }}</ref> Similarly, Cyr and colleagues found that about 70% of sibling incest involved sexual penetration, substantially higher than other forms of incest.<ref name="Cyr">{{cite journal | last1 = Cyr | first1 = M. | last2 = Wright | first2 = J. | last3 = McDuff | first3 = P. | last4 = Perron | first4 = A. | year = 2002 | title = Intrafamilial sexual abuse: Brother-sister incest does not differ from father-daughter and stepfather-stepdaughter incest | journal = Child Abuse and Neglect | volume = 26 | issue = 9 | pages = 957–973 | doi = 10.1016/s0145-2134(02)00365-4 | pmid = 12433139 }}</ref> Bass and colleagues write that "sibling incest occurs at a frequency that rivals and may even exceed other forms of incest," yet only 11% of studies into [[child sexual abuse]] examined sibling perpetrators.<ref>Bass, L., Taylor, B., Kunutson-Martin, C. and Huenergardt, D. (2006) [https://searchwww.proquest.com/docview/305178311 Making Sense of Abuse: Case Studies in Sibling Incest] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601141122/https://www.proquest.com/docview/305178311 |date=2024-06-01 }}. [[Contemporary Family Therapy]], Vol 28, no 1, pp 87-109</ref> Rayment and Owen report that "[in comparison of] the offending patterns of sibling offenders with other teenage sex offenders ... Sibling abusers admitted to more [[Sex and the law|sexual offenses]], had a higher [[recidivism]] rate, and a majority engaged in more intrusive sexual behaviour than other adolescent sex offenders. The sibling perpetrator has more access to the victim and exists within a structure of silence and guilt."<ref>S. Rayment and N Owen. (1999) [http://www.sasian.org/pdf/owen.pdf WORKING WITH INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES WHERE SIBLING INCEST HAS OCCURRED: THE DYNAMICS, DILEMMAS AND PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091222020956/http://www.sasian.org/pdf/owen.pdf |date=2009-12-22 }}. A paper presented at the Children and Crime: Victims and Offenders Conference convened by the Australian Institute of Criminology and held in Brisbane, 17–18 June 1999</ref> A survey of eight hundred college students reported by [[David Finkelhor]] in the ''Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling'' found that fifteen percent of females and ten percent of males had been sexually abused by an older sibling.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Finkelhor | first1 = D | year = 1978 | title = Psychological, cultural, and family factors in incest and family sexual abuse | journal = Journal of Marriage and Family Counseling | volume = 4 | issue = 4 | pages = 41–79 | doi = 10.1111/j.1752-0606.1978.tb00539.x }}</ref>
 
==Identification==
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The effects of sibling abuse closely parallel those of other forms of [[child abuse]].<ref name=":202">{{Cite book |last=Caffaro |first=John |title=Sibling Abuse Trauma: Assessment and Intervention Strategies for Children, Families, and Adults |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |pages=78–84, 123–126}}</ref> Potential effects of sibling abuse include difficulty separating pleasure from pain and fear from desire in a sexual relationship,<ref name=":192">{{Cite book |last=Wiehe |title=Sibling abuse: hidden physical, emotional, and sexual trauma |publisher=Sage Publications |year=1997}}</ref> re-victimization in adulthood,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Briere & Runtz |title=Post sexual abuse trauma in Lasting effects of child sexual abuse |year=1988 |pages=85–99}}</ref> difficulty in developing and sustaining intimate relationships,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Finkelhor, Hotaling, Lewis, & Smith |date=1989 |title=Sexual abuse and its relationship to later sexual satisfaction, marital status, religion, and attitudes |journal=Journal of Interpersonal Violence |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=279–399 |doi=10.1177/088626089004004001 |s2cid=144307047}}</ref> trouble negotiating boundaries, intimacy issues, and interdependency in relationships.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Caffaro |date=2011 |title=Introduction to the special issue: siblings and groups |journal=Group |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=273–277|doi=10.1353/grp.2011.a844816 |s2cid=247624658 }}</ref>
 
It is possible that there may be significant problems following sibling abuse such as [[affect regulation]] and accompanying [[Affect disorder|affect disorders]], [[impulse control]], [[somatization]], [[post-traumatic stress disorder]], [[Eating disorder|eating disorders]] such as [[Anorexia nervosa|anorexia]] or [[bulimia nervosa]], [[substance abuse]] issues, [[Major depressive disorder|major depression]] and problems with socialization.<ref name=":222">{{Cite journal |last=Putnam |date=2003 |title=Ten-year research update review: child sexual abuse |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=269–278 |doi=10.1097/00004583-200303000-00006 |pmid=12595779 |s2cid=17567105}}</ref> Siblings may exhibit [[Internalization (psychology)|internalizing]] or [[Externalization (psychology)|externalizing]] behaviors that can be disruptive to the family unit.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tremblay, Hébert, & Piché |date=1999 |title=Coping strategies and social support as mediators of consequences in child sexual abuse victims |journal=Child Abuse & Neglect |volume=23 |issue=9 |pages=929–945 |doi=10.1016/S0145-2134(99)00056-3 |pmid=10505906}}</ref> Such behaviors problems may escalate into other behavior problems such as aggression and delinquency.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Garcia |first1=Monica M. |last2=Shaw |first2=Daniel S. |last3=Winslow |first3=Emily B. |last4=Yaggi |first4=Kirsten E. |date=2000 |title=Destructive sibling conflict and the development of conduct problems in young boys. |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.36.1.44 |journal=Developmental Psychology |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=44–53 |doi=10.1037/0012-1649.36.1.44 |pmid=10645743 |issn=1939-0599 |access-date=2023-04-17 |archive-date=2024-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601141127/https://psycnet.apa.org/api/request/browsePA.getJournals |url-status=live }}</ref> Siblings that have been affected by sibling abuse may be more susceptible to developing conduct disorder and having more mental health distress caused by sibling abuse. [[Siblicide]] may be an effect of sibling abuse in which a sibling commits homicide against another sibling; typically seen as a male sibling entering life as an adult against a younger brother.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Waid |first1=Jeffrey D. |last2=Tanana |first2=Michael J. |last3=Vanderloo |first3=Mindy J. |last4=Voit |first4=Rachel |last5=Kothari |first5=Brianne H. |date=2020-08-07 |title=The role of siblings in the development of externalizing behaviors during childhood and adolescence: a scoping review |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10522158.2020.1799893 |journal=Journal of Family Social Work |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=318–337 |doi=10.1080/10522158.2020.1799893 |s2cid=222315218 |issn=1052-2158 |access-date=2023-04-17 |archive-date=2024-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240601141122/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10522158.2020.1799893 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
== Prevention ==
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The French serial killer [[Guy Georges]] physically abused his [[Adoption|adoptive]] elder sisters when he was 14, nearly killing them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://grands.criminels.free.fr/guygeorges.html|title=guy_georges|website=grands.criminels.free.fr|access-date=2013-05-25|archive-date=2013-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517113907/http://grands.criminels.free.fr/guygeorges.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
In 2013, the Australian actor [[Hugh Jackman]] opened up about the physical and verbal abuse by his older brother. He said the abuse helped his acting in ''[[Wolverine (film)|Wolverine]],'' and that when his brother apologized, Jackman felt released.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hughjackmanteam.com/publ/hugh_jackman_interviews/hugh_jackman_quot_my_wife_and_my_kids_are_the_real_centre_of_my_world_quot/3-1-0-158|title=Hugh Jackman: "My wife and my kids are the real centre of my world"|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207054138/http://hughjackmanteam.com/publ/hugh_jackman_interviews/hugh_jackman_quot_my_wife_and_my_kids_are_the_real_centre_of_my_world_quot/3-1-0-158|archive-date=2012-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.purepeople.com/article/hugh-jackman-fils-abandonne-et-frere-tyrannise-il-est-devenu-wolverine_a124634/1|title=Hugh Jackman : Fils abandonné et frère tyrannisé, il est devenu Wolverine !|website=www.purepeople.com|date=15 July 2013 |access-date=2023-03-22|archive-date=2023-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322193828/https://www.purepeople.com/article/hugh-jackman-fils-abandonne-et-frere-tyrannise-il-est-devenu-wolverine_a124634/1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/oct/06/hugh-jackman-interview-real-steel|title=Hugh Jackman: 'What are ya – a poof?'|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2011-10-06|last1=Gilbey|first1=Ryan}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://metro.co.uk/2009/04/06/bullied-jackman-wanted-to-kill-brother-7392/#ixzz20IPvDuPH|title=Bullied Jackman wanted to 'kill' brother|date=2009-04-06|access-date=2013-08-06|archive-date=2015-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216103239/http://metro.co.uk/2009/04/06/bullied-jackman-wanted-to-kill-brother-7392/#ixzz20IPvDuPH|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
== References ==
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