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| name = Rio Bravo
| image = Rio Bravo (1959 poster).jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Howard Hawks]]
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* [[Leigh Brackett]]
}}
| based_on = {{based on|"Rio Bravo"|B.
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[John Wayne]]
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| gross = $5.75 million (US and Canada rentals)<ref>{{cite journal |journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |title=All-Time Film Rental Champs |date=October 15, 1990 |page=M182 |first=Lawrence |last=Cohn |publisher=[[Penske Business Media, LLC.]]}}</ref>
}}
'''''Rio Bravo''''' is a 1959 American [[Western (genre)|Western]] film directed and produced by [[Howard Hawks]] and starring [[John Wayne]], [[Dean Martin]], [[Ricky Nelson]], [[Angie Dickinson]], [[Walter Brennan]], and [[Ward Bond]]. Written by [[Jules Furthman]] and [[Leigh Brackett]], based on the short story "Rio Bravo" by B.
In 2014, ''Rio Bravo'' was deemed "culturally, historically
==Plot==
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Nathan himself rides into town. Stumpy, having old grudges against Nathan for taking his land, threatens to shoot Joe if any trouble starts around the jail. In response, Nathan has his saloon musicians repeatedly play "[[El Degüello]]", {{aka}} "The Cutthroat Song". Colorado realizes the song means Nathan will show no mercy, and warns Chance.
Chance gives Dude back his old guns
Dude and Chance return to the hotel so Dude can take a bath, but Burdette's men capture Carlos' wife Consuelo and use her to lure Chance into a trap. Dude tells Chance to take the men to the jail, under pretext that Stumpy would let Joe out. However, Stumpy opens fire, as Dude secretly predicted. In the chaos, some men drag Dude off to Nathan, who demands a trade{{--}}Dude for Joe. Chance agrees, but brings Colorado as backup. Dude and Joe brawl during the trade, and a firefight ensues. Stumpy throws some sticks of dynamite from the wagons into the warehouse where Burdette and his men are holed up
With both Burdettes and their few surviving gunmen in jail, Chance
==Cast==
[[File:Howard Hawks'Rio Bravo trailer (27).jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|John Wayne and Angie Dickinson in ''Rio Bravo'']]
* [[John Wayne]] as John T. Chance
* [[Dean Martin]] as
* [[Ricky Nelson]] as
* [[Angie Dickinson]] as
* [[Walter Brennan]] as
* [[Ward Bond]] as
* [[John Russell (actor)|John Russell]] as
* [[Pedro Gonzalez Gonzalez]] as
* [[Estelita Rodriguez]] as
* [[Claude Akins]] as
* [[Bing Russell]]
* [[Nesdon Booth]] as Clark<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eWVZAAAAMAAJ|title=Western and Frontier Film and Television Credits 1903-1995: Section I. Actors and actresses. Section II. Directors, producers, and writers|page=89|first=Harris|last=Lentz|publisher=McFarland|date=1996|isbn=9780786401581 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/576513157/|title=Newcomer Joins Cast ''Rio Bravo'' Cast|work=Brooklyn Daily|location=[[Brooklyn, New York]]|date=June 17, 1958|access-date=July 13, 2022|page=14|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Closed access}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MgteCgAAQBAJ|title=The John Wayne Filmography|page=286|first=Fred|last=Landesman|publisher=McFarland|date=July 11, 2007|isbn=9780786432523|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref>
* [[Walt Barnes|Walter Barnes]] as Charlie the Bartender (uncredited)
* [[James B. Leong]] as Burt (uncredited)
[[Malcolm Atterbury]] and [[Harry Carey Jr.]] also receive screen credits in the film's opening, but their scenes were deleted from the final film.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hawks |first=Howard |author-link=Howard Hawks |title=Howard Hawks: Interviews |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WMxmjwp1a10C&pg=PR38 |publisher=[[Univ. Press of Mississippi]] |year=2006 |page=38 |editor-first=Scott |editor-last=Breivold |isbn=9781578068333}}</ref>
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Exteriors for the film were shot at [[Old Tucson Studios]], just outside [[Tucson]].<ref>''Commemoration: Howard Hawks' Rio Bravo,'' Warner Bros. DVD supplement.</ref> Filming took place in the summer of 1958, and the movie's credits gave 1958 for the copyright; the film was released in March 1959.
''Rio Bravo'' is generally regarded as one of Hawks' best, and is known for its long opening scene which contains no dialogue. The film received favorable reviews, and was successful, taking in
A brief clip from ''Rio Bravo'' was among the archive footage later incorporated into the opening sequence of Wayne's last film, ''[[The Shootist]],'' to illustrate the backstory of Wayne's character.
As was often the case in a John Wayne Western, Wayne wore his "Red River D" belt buckle in the movie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.redriverdbeltbuckle.com/|website=Red River D Belt Buckle|title=History of the Red River D Buckle|access-date=2021-04-23|archive-date=2021-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123103333/http://redriverdbeltbuckle.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> It can be clearly seen in the scene when Nathan Burdette comes to visit his brother Joe in the jail where he is being held for the U.S. Marshal, about 60 minutes into the film; and again in the scene where Wayne, Ricky Nelson, and Angie Dickinson deal with three of Burdette's men in front of the hotel.
The story was credited to "B.H. McCampbell." According to [[Todd McCarthy]]'s 1997 biography, ''Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood'', this was actually Hawks' eldest daughter, Barbara Hawks McCampbell (McCampbell being her married name). Her contribution was the idea of using dynamite in the final shootout.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.funtrivia.com/en/Movies/Rio-Bravo-13265_2.html|title=Rio Bravo Trivia Questions, Page 2, Movies Q-T|author=suomy|publisher=Funtrivia, Inc.}}</ref>
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==Soundtrack==
[[File:Dean Martin - Rio Bravo 1959.jpg|thumb|right|upright|{{center|Dean Martin}}]]
The musical score was composed by [[Dimitri Tiomkin]]. His score includes the hauntingly ominous "''[[El Degüello]]''" theme, which is heard several times.<ref>[http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/xed01 The Handbook of Texas Online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310183148/https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/xed01 |date=2016-03-10 }}, Texas State Historical Association (retrieved on November 22, 2006).</ref> The Colorado character identifies the tune as "The Cutthroat Song". He relates that the song was played on the orders of General [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]] to the Texans holed up in [[Battle of the Alamo|the Alamo]], to signify that no quarter would be given to them. The tune was used in Wayne's film ''[[The Alamo (1960 film)|The Alamo]]'' (1960). Composer [[Ennio Morricone]] recalled that director [[Sergio Leone]] asked him to write "Dimitri Tiomkin music" for ''[[A Fistful of Dollars]]''. The trumpet theme is similar to Tiomkin's "''Degüello''" (the Italian title of ''Rio Bravo'' was ''Un dollaro d'onore'', ''A Dollar of Honor'').<ref>{{
Because the film starred a [[crooner]], Martin, and a [[teen idol]], Nelson, Hawks included three songs in the [[soundtrack]]. Before the big [[shootout|showdown]], in the [[jail|jail house]], Martin sings "My Rifle, My Pony, and Me" (which contains new lyrics by Webster to a Tiomkin tune that appeared in ''[[Red River (1948 film)|Red River]]''), accompanied by Nelson, after which Nelson sings a brief version of "[[Cindy (folk song)|Get Along Home, Cindy]]", accompanied by Martin and Brennan. Over the closing credits, Martin, backed by the [[Nelson Riddle]] Orchestra, sings a specially composed song, "Rio Bravo", written by Tiomkin with lyrics by [[Paul Francis Webster]]. Nelson later paid homage to both the film and his character, Colorado, by including the song "Restless Kid" on his 1959 [[LP (format)|LP]], ''Ricky Sings Again''.
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==''High Noon'' debate==
[[File:John Wayne and Dean Martin and Ricky Nelson in 'Rio Bravo', 1959.jpg|thumb|right|{{center|Theatrical poster, 1959}}]]
The film was made as a response to ''[[High Noon]]'',<ref name="michael munn">{{cite book|last1=Munn|first1=Michael|title=John Wayne: The Man Behind the Myth|date=2005|publisher=Penguin|location=New York|isbn=0451214145|page=190|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qqatDJRg1NYC&q=john+wayne+high+noon+rio+bravo&pg=PA190|access-date=1 February 2015|archive-date=23 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423231622/https://books.google.com/books?id=qqatDJRg1NYC&q=john+wayne+high+noon+rio+bravo&pg=PA190|url-status=live}}</ref> which is sometimes thought to be an [[allegory]] for [[Hollywood blacklist|blacklisting in Hollywood]], as well as a critique of [[McCarthyism]].<ref>[http://tags.library.upenn.edu/rollmang/blacklist Blacklist] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207032051/http://tags.library.upenn.edu/rollmang/blacklist |date=2009-02-07}}</ref> Wayne
==Reception==
[[File:John Wayne portrait.jpg|thumb|right|{{center|John Wayne}}]]
In the United Kingdom, ''Rio Bravo'' was not originally even reviewed for ''[[Sight & Sound]]'';<ref>''The Movie'' article by [[Phil Hardy (journalist)|Phil Hardy]], 1980</ref> [[Leslie Halliwell]] gave the film two out of four stars in his ''Film Guide'', describing it as a "cheerfully overlong and slow-moving Western" that was nevertheless "very watchable for those with time to spare".<ref>Halliwell, Leslie (1979). ''Halliwell's Film Guide to 8,000 English Language Films'', [[Rupert Hart-Davis|Hart-Davis, MacGibbon]], Granada.</ref> The film was taken more seriously by British critics such as [[Robin Wood (critic)|Robin Wood]], who rated it as his top film of all time and wrote a book on it in 2003 for the [[British Film Institute]], publishers of ''Sight & Sound''. [[Pauline Kael]] called the film "silly, but with zest; there are some fine action sequences, and the performers seem to be enjoying their roles."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.geocities.ws/paulinekaelreviews/r3.html |title=Pauline Kael |access-date=2019-03-15 |archive-date=2018-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907090446/http://www.geocities.ws/paulinekaelreviews/r3.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ''Rio Bravo'' was the second highest-ranking Western (63rd overall) in the 2012 ''Sight & Sound'' critics' poll of the greatest films ever made.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/sightandsoundpoll2012/critics |title=Critics' top 100 |publisher=British Film Institute |date=2012 |access-date=December 12, 2016 |archive-date=February 7, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207035347/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/sightandsoundpoll2012/critics |url-status=
{{Rotten Tomatoes prose|96|8.3|46|''Rio Bravo'' finds director Howard Hawks – and his stellar ensemble cast – working at peak performance, and the end result is a towering classic of the Western genre.|ref=yes|access-date=February 8, 2023}}
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==Comic book adaption==
* [[Dell Comics|Dell]] [[Four Color]] #1018 (June 1959), illustrated by [[Alex Toth]].<ref>{{gcdb issue|id=15302|title=Dell Four Color #1018}}</ref><ref>{{comicbookdb|type=issue|id=313752|title=Dell Four Color #1018}}</ref>
==References==
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* {{AFI film|53001|Rio Bravo}}
* {{IMDb title|id=0053221|title=Rio Bravo}}
* {{
* {{Rotten-tomatoes|id=rio_bravo|title=Rio Bravo}}
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[[Category:Films directed by Howard Hawks]]
[[Category:Films set in Texas]]
[[Category:Films set in the American frontier]]
[[Category:Films shot in Tucson, Arizona]]
[[Category:Films shot in California]]
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[[Category:Films adapted into comics]]
[[Category:1950s American films]]
[[Category:English-language Western (genre) films]]
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