Shikoku: Difference between revisions

{{nihongo|'''Shikoku'''|四国|Shikoku|{{lit|four provinces}}}}, {{IPA-|ja|ɕikokɯ||TomJ-Shikoku.ogg}} is the smallest of the [[List of islands of Japan#Main islands|four main islands]] of [[Japan]]. It is {{convert|225|km|1mi|abbrround=on5|dispabbr=oroff}} long and between {{convert|50|and|150|km|1mi|abbrround=on5|dispabbr=oroff}} wideat its widest. It has a population of 3.8&nbsp;million, ({{Asthe least populated of|2015|lc=y}}, 3.1%)Japan's four main islands. It is south of [[Honshu]] and northeast of [[Kyushu]].<ref name=honshu2>{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=90C4DgAAQBAJ&pg=PA16| page=16| title=The Philippine Archipelago|first=Yves |last=Boquet |publisher=Springer|year= 2017|isbn= 9783319519265}}</ref> Shikoku's ancient names include {{nihongo||伊予之二名島|Iyo-no-futana-shima}}, {{nihongo||伊予島|Iyo-shima}}, and {{nihongo||二名島|Futana-shima}}, and its current name refers to the four former [[provinces of Japan|provinces]] that make up the island: [[Awa Province (Tokushima)|Awa]], [[Tosa Province|Tosa]], [[Sanuki Province|Sanuki]], and [[Iyo Province|Iyo]].<ref name=tourism>{{cite web |url=http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/location/rtg/pdf/pg-607.pdf |title=Shikoku and Awaji Island |publisher=Japan National Tourism Organization |date=September 2011 |access-date=2013-05-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204132833/http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/location/rtg/pdf/pg-607.pdf |archive-date=2013-02-04 }}</ref>

Shikoku Island, comprising Shikoku and its surrounding isletsislands,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geography {{!}} The Science of Our World |url=https://geography.com/ |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=geography.com}}</ref> covers about {{convert|18800|km2|sqmi|0}} and consists of four [[Prefectures of Japan|prefectures]]: [[Ehime Prefecture|Ehime]], [[Kagawa Prefecture|Kagawa]], [[Kōchi Prefecture|Kōchi]], and [[Tokushima Prefecture|Tokushima]]. Across the [[Seto Inland Sea]] lie [[Wakayama Prefecture|Wakayama]], [[Osaka Prefecture|Osaka]], [[Hyōgo Prefecture|Hyōgo]], [[Okayama Prefecture|Okayama]], [[Hiroshima Prefecture|Hiroshima]], and [[Yamaguchi Prefecture]]s on [[Honshu]]. To the west lie [[Ōita Prefecture|Ōita]] and [[Miyazaki Prefecture]]s on [[Kyushu]].

[[File:Geofeatures_map_of_Shikoku_Japan_ja.svg|left|thumb|Geofeatures map of Shikoku ]]

Unlike the other three major islands of Japan, Shikoku has no active volcanoes, and is the largest of Japan's islands to completely lack them.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.answers.com/topic/shikoku |title=Shikoku: Frommer's Guide from |publisher=Answers.com |access-date=2012-02-28 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229183226/http://www.answers.com/topic/shikoku |archive-date=2012-02-29 }}</ref> But Shikoku did experience volcanic activity in the distant prehistoric past; a major volcanic [[caldera]] in the area of Mount Ishizuchi was active during the [[Miocene]] around 14&nbsp;million years ago<ref>{{Cite journal|doi = 10.1111/iar.12182|title = Timescale of magma chamber processes revealed by U-Pb ages, trace element contents and morphology of zircons from the Ishizuchi caldera, Southwest Japan Arc|year = 2017|last1 = Takehara|first1 = Mami|last2 = Horie|first2 = Kenji|last3 = Tani|first3 = Kenichiro|last4 = Yoshida|first4 = Takeyoshi|last5 = Hokada|first5 = Tomokazu|last6 = Kiyokawa|first6 = Shoichi|journal = Island Arc|volume = 26|issue = 2|pages = e12182| bibcode=2017IsArc..26E2182T | s2cid=133362063 |doi-access = }}</ref> and the small [[volcanic cone]] of [[Mount Iino]] at an unknown date.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://hikinginjapan.com/tag/mt-iino/|title=Mount Iino|access-date=2023-04-23}}</ref>

{{center|[[File:View from Kochi Castle Keep Tower 20170122-1.jpg|150px]]<br /><small>[[File:Flag of Kochi, Kochi.svg|border|25x20px]] [[Kōchi, Kōchi|Kōchi city]]</small><br />[[File:Tokushima City ShiroyamaView distantfrom viewthe Top of Bizan 20200405.JPGjpg|150px]]<br /><small>[[File:Flag of Tokushima, Tokushima.svg|border|25x20px]] [[Tokushima (city)|Tokushima city]]</small>}}<br />

| style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0"|{{center|5}} ||align=left | [[File:Flag of Imabari, Ehime.svg|border|25x20px]] '''[[Imabari, Ehime|Imabari]]''' || {{flag|Ehime}} || align=right|147,334 || style="text-align:center"|15 ||align=left | [[File:Flag of Sakaide, Kagawa.svg|border|25x20px]] '''[[Sakaide, Kagawa|Sakaide]]''' || {{flag|Kagawa}} || align=right|49,487

| style="text-align:center; background:#f0f0f0"|{{center|9}} ||align=left | [[File:Flag of ShikokuchuoShikokuchūō, Ehime.JPGsvg|border|25x20px]] '''[[Shikokuchūō]]''' || {{flag|Ehime}} || align=right|80,952 || style="text-align:center"|19 ||align=left | [[File:Flag of Yoshinogawa, Tokushima.svg|border|25x20px]] '''[[Yoshinogawa, Tokushima|Yoshinogawa]]''' || {{flag|Tokushima}} || align=right|37,707

File:Tokushima City ShiroyamaView distantfrom viewthe Top of Bizan 20200405.JPGjpg|[[Tokushima, Tokushima|Tokushima City]]

Shikoku has historically been ratherquite isolated and therefore it has kept the original characteristics of Japan for a longer period, especially in regards to vegetation and some architectural techniques. There are many Buddhist temples.

[[Ashizuri-Uwakai National Park]] is located in the south-westernwest part of Shikoku.

*[[Naruto, Tokushima|Naruto]], [[Tokushima Prefecture|Tokushima]]:
**[[Tokushima Vortis]] (football, [[J2 League|J2]]);
**[[Tokushima Indigo Socks]] (baseball, [[Shikoku-Kyūshū Island League|SKIL]])

*[[Matsuyama, Ehime|Matsuyama]], [[Ehime Prefecture|Ehime]]:
**[[Ehime FC]] (football, J2);
**[[Ehime Mandarin Pirates]] (baseball, SKIL)

*[[Imabari, Ehime|Imabari]], [[Ehime Prefecture|Ehime]]:
**[[FC Imabari]] (football, [[J3 League|J3]]J2);

*[[Takamatsu]], [[Kagawa Prefecture|Kagawa]]:
**[[Kamatamare Sanuki]] (football, [[J3); League|J3]])
**[[Kagawa Olive Guyners]] (baseball, SKIL)

*[[Kōchi, Kōchi|Kōchi]], [[Kōchi Prefecture|Kōchi]]:
**[[Kōchi United SC]] (football, [[Japan Football League|JFL]]J3);
**[[Kōchi Fighting Dogs]] (baseball, SKIL)

* [[Honshi BisanYosan Line]]

'''Sea Travel'''