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{{Short description|King of Epirus from 370 BC to 357 BC}}
::''For a hero, see [[Neoptolemus]]. For a grandson of this king, see [[Neoptolemus II of Epirus]].''
{{Infobox personroyalty
| name = Neoptolemus I
| predecessor = [[Alcetas I of Epirus]]
| birth_name = Neoptolemus I
| successor = [[Arybbas of Epirus]]
| birth_date = <!-- {{birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| birth_place birth_name =
| death_date birth_date = <!-- {{Deathbirth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) -->
| birth_place =
| resting_place =
| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth) -->
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| burial_place =
| title = [[King]] of [[Epirus (ancient state)|Epirus]]
| religiontitle = [[List of kings of Epirus|King of = [[Ancient Greek religionEpirus]]
| reign = 370-357 BC
| children = King [[Alexander I of Epirus]]<br />Queen [[Olympias]]<br />Princess Troas (married [[Arybbas of Epirus]])
| parents religion = [[AlcetasAncient IGreek religion]] (father)
| relations issue = [[Alexander I of Epirus]]<br />[[Olympias]] =(married [[ArybbasPhilip II of Epirus|ArymbasMacedon]] (brother)<br />Troas (married [[AlexanderArybbas theof GreatEpirus]] (grandson)
| father = [[Alcetas I]]
| DATEmother OF BIRTH = ▼
| house = [[Molossians|Aeacidae]]
}}
'''Neoptolemus I of Epirus''' ({{lang-langx|el|Νεοπτόλεμος Α' Ηπείρου}}) (370–357 BC) was a [[Greeks|Greek]] king of [[Epirus (ancient state)|Epirus]] and son of [[Alcetas I]], and father of Troas, [[Alexander I of Epirus]] and Queen [[Olympias]]. He was the maternal grandfather of [[Alexander the Great]] and great-grandfather of [[Pyrrhus of Epirus]].<ref>[[John Lemprière|Lemprière, John]]. ''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_U6wTAAAAYAAJA Classical Dictionary, Containing a Copious Account of All the Proper Names]'', 1825.</ref> He claimed he was a descendant of the hero [[Achilles]] and King [[Lycomedes]], while Emperor [[Caracalla]] claimed that he was a descendant of Neoptolemus I.{{cn|date=December 2024}}
[[Alexander I of Epirus]] and Queen [[Olympias]]. He was a maternal grandfather of [[Alexander the Great]].<ref>''A Classical Dictionary, Containing a Copious Account of All the Proper Names'' by [[John Lemprière]]</ref>
 
He claimed he was a descendant of hero [[Achilles]] and King [[Lycomedes]], while Emperor [[Caracalla]] claimed that he was a descendant of Neoptolemus I.
 
Olympias was originally known as Polyxena. It is possible that Neoptolemus gave her that name.
 
==Etymology==
His name means "new war".<ref>[http://www.behindthename.com/name/neoptolemus Name of Neoptolemus]</ref> This was also a name of the [[Neoptolemus|son of the warrior Achilles]] and the Princess Deidamia in [[Greek mythology]], and also the mythical progenitor of the ruling dynasty of the Molossians of ancient Epirus.
[[File:Roman - Medallion with Olympias - Walters 592 - Reverse.jpg|180px|God [[Poseidon]] and [[Olympias]], daughter of Neoptolemus, medallion |thumb|left]]
His name means "new war".<ref>[http://www.behindthename.com/name/neoptolemus Name of Neoptolemus]</ref>
 
This was also a name of [[Neoptolemus|one hero]] in [[Greek mythology]].
 
==Reign==
On the death of Alcetas, Neoptolemus and his brother [[Arybbas of Epirus|Arybbas]] agreed to divide the kingdom, and continued to rule their respective portions without any interruption of the harmony between them, until the death of Neoptolemus, which, according to [[Germans|German]] historian [[Johann Gustav Droysen]], may be placed about 360 BC. The first epigraphical evidence of the [[Molossian]] League goes back to 370 BC under Neoptolemus.<ref>[http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/main?url=oi%3Fikey%3D308123%26bookid%3D778%26region%3D4%26subregion%3D10 Cabanes, L'Épire 534,1]</ref>
 
The first epigraphical evidence of the [[Molossian]] league goes back to 370 BC under Neoptolemus.<ref>[http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/main?url=oi%3Fikey%3D308123%26bookid%3D778%26region%3D4%26subregion%3D10 Cabanes, L'Épire 534,1]</ref>
 
==See also==
Line 42 ⟶ 35:
*[[Justin (historian)|Justin]] vii. 6. § 10, xvii. 3. § 14
*[[Droysen]], Hellenismus, vol. i. p.&nbsp;250
{{SmithDGRBM|title = Neoptolemus}}
 
==External links==
*[http://www.american-pictures.com/genealogy/persons/per01290.htm Genealogical Tree]
 
{{s-start}}
{{succession box|title=[[King of Epirus]]|before=[[Alcetas I of Epirus|Alcetas I]]|after=[[Arybbas of Epirus|Arymbas]]| years=with [[Arybbas of Epirus|Arymbas]]<br>370&ndash;357 BC}}
{{s-end}}
{{Hellenistic rulers}}
 
[[Category:RulersKings of Ancient Epirus]]▼
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Neoptolemus 01 Of Epirus
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =King of Epirus
▲| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Neoptolemus 01 Of Epirus}}
▲[[Category:Rulers of Ancient Epirus]]
[[Category:4th-century BC Greek people]]
[[Category:3604th-century BC Greek monarchs]]
[[Category:4th-century BC rulers]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:360s350s BC deaths]]
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