Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud: Difference between revisions

{{Use dmy dates|date=DecemberNovember 20192024}}

| name = Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud a.k.a. Silanyo

| image = Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud 2 (3x4 cropped).jpg

| termend2 = 1999<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://slmof.org/former-ministers|title=Ministry of Finance of Somaliland − Former Ministers |website=Ministry of Finance|access-date=2020-03-12 March 2020|language=en}}</ref>

| birth_place = [[Burao]], [[British Somaliland]]<br/>{{small|(now [[Somaliland]])}}

| death_place = [[Hargeisa]], [[Somaliland]]

'''Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud "Silanyo"''' ({{langx|so|Axmed Maxamed Maxamuud Siilaanyo}}, {{langx|ar|احمد محمد محمود سيلانيو}}; 1938 – 15 November 2024), known by his nickname '''Silanyo''' ({{langx|ar|سيلانيو}}), was a [[Somaliland]] politician who wasserved as the [[President of Somaliland]] from 2010 to 2017. He was a long-time member of the government in Mogadishu, having served as Minister of Commerce of Somalia in the [[Somali Republic]]1960s, and among other Cabinet positions. During the 1980s, he also served as the Chairman of the [[Somali National Movement]].<ref name="Bbmserrsinp">{{cite news|title=Somaliland Election Results Released: Siilaanyo Is New President|newspaper=Bridge Business Magazine|date=3 August 2010}}</ref>

Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud Silanyo was born in 1938 in the Mideastern town of [[Burco]], situated in what was then the former [[British Somaliland]] [[protectorate]].<ref name="Bbmserrsinp"/> Nicknamed "Silanyo" (meaning lizard in [[Somaliland|Somali]]),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohamed |first=MOHAMED-ABDI |date=1992 |title=HISTOIRE DES CROYANCES EN SOMALIE Religions traditionnelles et religions du Livre |url=https://segments.noblogs.org/files/2014/08/Histoire-des-croyances-en-Somalie-M.-Mohamed-Abdi-1992-Mohamed-Mohamed-Abdi.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916041752/https://segments.noblogs.org/files/2014/08/Histoire-des-croyances-en-Somalie-M.-Mohamed-Abdi-1992-Mohamed-Mohamed-Abdi.pdf |archive-date=16 September 2017 |website=Centre de Recherches d'Histoire Ancienne |page=70}}</ref> he hailed from the [[Mohamed Abokor|Adan Madobe]] sub-division of the [[Habar Jeclo]] clan of [[Isaaq]] clan-family.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Höhne |first=Markus Virgil |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/976483444 |title=Between Somaliland and Puntland : marginalization, militarization and conflicting political vision |date=2015 |isbn=978-1-907431-13-5 |location=London |pages=90 |oclc=976483444}}</ref><ref name="Lewisbab">{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=I.M.|title=Blood and Bone: The Call of Kinship in Somali Society|year=1994|publisher=Red Sea Press|isbn=0932415938|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bloodbonecallofk00ioan/page/211 211212|url=https://archive.org/details/bloodbonecallofk00ioan|url-access=registration}}</ref> Ahmed M. Mohamoud Silanyo is the third child of six. His father was a merchant marine; so, the family lived a half-nomadic, half-settled lifestyle. He was the only child in the family to attend a formal education, fostered by an uncle who was a strong influence on his early life. His brothers followed their father's footsteps as merchant marines. He was [[Muslim]].<ref name="Legum">{{cite book|last=Legum|first=Colin|title=Africa Contemporary Record: Annual Survey and Documents, Volume 20|year=1989|publisher=Africa Research Limited|page=B-394|isbn=9780841905580|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2MfiAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>

He met his wife, Amina-Weris Sh. Mohamed, in the late 1960s. Like him, she completed her education as a registered nurse and midwife in [[England]]. She is one of the pioneers of Somali educated women. They married in [[Mogadishu]] in 1968. She has been a strong partner{{Weasel inline|date=November 2024}}, by his side throughout the long and turbulent times of his political career.<ref name="FGM">{{cite news |url=http://nafisnetwork.net/index.php/resources/2-h-e-amina-weris-sheikh-mohamed-first-lady-republic-of-somaliland-remarks-to-girl-summit-2014 |title=H.E. Amina-Weris Sheikh Mohamed First Lady, Republic of Somaliland Remarks to Girl Summit 2014 |publisher=Nafis Network |date=June 2016 |access-date=9 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911205438/http://nafisnetwork.net/index.php/resources/2-h-e-amina-weris-sheikh-mohamed-first-lady-republic-of-somaliland-remarks-to-girl-summit-2014 |archive-date=11 September 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> They have five children and seven grandchildren.

Mohamoud died in [[Hargeisa]], Somaliland on 13 November 2024, at the age of 86.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/national/89978/former-somaliland-president-siilaanyo-is-dead|title=Former Somaliland President Siilaanyo is dead|date=15 November 2024 |publisher=East Leigh Voice|accessdate=15 November 2024}}</ref>

From 1984 to 1990, Mohamoud was the Chairman of the [[Somali National Movement]] (SNM), serving as the liberation group's longest-serving chairman.<ref name="Legum"/><ref name="Apttsnm">{{cite web|last=Silanyo |first=Ahmed M. |title=A Proposal to the Somali National Movement: On a Framework for a Transitional Government in Somalia |url=http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/October/Ahmed_Silanyo/Proposal_to_SNM.pdf |publisher=Wardheernews |access-date=15 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511090753/http://wardheernews.com/Articles_2010/October/Ahmed_Silanyo/Proposal_to_SNM.pdf |archive-date=11 May 2012 }}</ref>

During his years of public service, Mohamoud participated in a broad array of forums relating to a variety of developmental aspects of the world. Notably,He utilizing training programs under the auspicespatronage of the United Nations ([[United Nations Institute for Training and Research]] (UNITAR), the [[United Nations Industrial Development Organization]] (UNIDO), and the [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa]] (ECA)), as well as benefiting from a Leadership Grant organized by the African-American Institute that related to developmental fields, including visits to various regional state and federal governmental bodies throughout the [[United States]].<ref name="HIST"/>

* [[United Nations]], Organization of [[African Union]] (OAU){{cn|date=November 2024}}

* [[The Arab League]]{{cn|date=November 2024}}

* Islamic and Non-Aligned Movement Conferences{{cn|date=November 2024}}

* Somalian congress in diaspora on behalf of Somalian government{{cn|date=November 2024}}

* UN Special Sessions, [[New York City|New York]], [[New York State|NY]]{{cn|date=November 2024}}

* OAU, Arab League, [[European Economic Commission]] (EEC), and the ministerial meetings of the [[Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States]] (ACP).{{cn|date=November 2024}}

* The 1976 Non-Aligned Conference, Lima, Peru{{cn|date=November 2024}}

During the earlier years of the SNM, Mohamoud established offices and organized SNM committees throughout [[Europe]], [[North America]], and the [[Arab World]] to raise international awareness of the [[liberation movement]] and the brutality of Somalia's Siyad Barre regime against its own people through presentations to international human rights groups, the press media, various European government bodies, including the [[British Parliament]] and the European Inter-Parliamentary Union, and relevant organizations in the Arab and Islamic world.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

During the following years Mohamoud would become the SNM's longest-serving Chairman, in command throughout the most tumultuous, expansive, and decisive period of the liberation movement. In 1984, the SNM was in its infancy, having been established only two years earlier. The struggle was nebulous. This period was being steered through its most trying times. Its most momentous events occurred in October 1984 with the first major, simultaneous, and coordinated invasion of the SNM troops into the mountainous regions of Somaliland and its major expansion of SNM fronts in the southern and northwest regions of Awdal and the Northwest.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

The youngest political organization in the country, the Kulmiye Party was established in early 2002 with a focus on conveying the campaign's platform to the countryside and rural regions. Notably, Mohamoud pursued a no smear campaign policy toward other political parties, thus conducting a peaceful election, while applauding public education on the merits of the multi-party system and the democratic process. However, Mohamoud lost the election by a mere 80 votes to President Dahir Rayaale Kahin.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

Mohamed's term ended with the presidential election of 13 November 2017, which had been delayed from 28 March 2017.<ref name="Sder">{{cite web|title=Somaliland Detailed Election Results|url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/somaliland_detail.html|publisher=African Elections Database|access-date=18 September 2013}}</ref> A snapshot of some of the salient achievements of the Silanyo Administration are depicted in the next section.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

Construction of offices for many of the country's twenty-four ministries, since the 1991 government ministries were housed in ill-suited offices built in a different era by the British colonial administration for fewer administrative departments. The Silanyo Administration budgeted and implemented construction of offices for many of the ministries that were in inadequate facilities.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

In order to realize such policy achievements, the administration embarked on expanding, through additional drilling, the water supply systems of the six major towns: Hargeisa, [[Borama]], [[Berbera]], Burao, [[Las Anod]], and Erigavo.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

In particular, to alleviate the chronic water shortage in the capital city, Hargeisa, the administration drilled more wells and installed bigger and rust resistant pipe lines in the Geed Deeble water works and is damming the Humboweyne (Xumboweyne) dry river, north east of Hargeisa.{{cn|date=November 2024}}

In addition, the [[United Arab Emirates]] has agreed to build a 250&nbsp;km (156 mile) road connecting Berbera and the border town of [[Wajaale]].{{cn|date=November 2024}}