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{{Short description|Emishi clan leader}}
{{Japanese name|Abe}}
{{family name hatnote|Abe|lang=Japanese}}
{{Infobox military person
| name = Abe no Yoritoki<br />安倍 頼時
| birth_date = ?c. 1011
| death_date = {{date|1057|08|28}}
| allegiance = [[Abe clan]]
| rank = ''[[Chinjufu Shogun]]''
| relations = Son: [[Abe no Sadato]]
}}
{{nihongo|'''Abe no Yoritoki'''|安倍頼時}} (died 28 August 1057) was the head of the [[Abe clan]] of [[Emishi]] who were allowed to rule the six Emishi districts ([[Iwate District, Iwate|Iwate]], [[Hienuki District, Iwate|Hienuki]], [[Shiwa District, Iwate|Shiwa]], [[Isawa District, Iwate|Isawa]], [[Esashi District, Iwate|Esashi]] and [[Waga District, Iwate|Waga]]) in the {{Interlanguage link|Kitakami Basin|ja|北上盆地}} from [[Morioka]] to [[Hiraizumi in what is now, Iwate Prefecture. The clan emerged from the Appi River basin|Hiraizumi]] in what is now Hachimantai City, [[Iwate Prefecture, early in the 9th century. They provided a number of generals and governors throughout the 9th and 10th centuries. By monopolizing the gold, iron and horse trade in northern Honshū the family became enormously wealthy. They were also innovative in designing a new type of stockade which could withstand a long siege]].
 
==Background==
The 9th and 10th centuries saw a weakening of central power as a new land management system of tax-immune estates, or shoen, took hold. Yoritoki and the Abes came into conflict with the Minamoto clan as the Minamotos began to expand their holdings north into Abe territory and the Abes began to raid territories south of their border. In 1051 Yoritoki led an army of Emishi into northern Miyagi and trounced a government army at Onikiribe that had been sent to stop such practices. This is the event which triggered the Former Nine Years War [[Zenkunen War]].▼
The clan emerged from the Appi River basin in what is now [[Hachimantai, Iwate|Hachimantai City]], Iwate Prefecture, early in the 9th century. They provided a number of generals and governors throughout the 9th and 10th centuries. By monopolizing the gold, iron and horse trade in northern Honshū the family became enormously wealthy. They were also innovative in designing a new type of stockade which could withstand a long siege.
 
The 9th and 10th centuries saw a weakening of central power as a new land management system of tax-immune estates, or ''shoen'', took hold.
[[Minamoto no Yoriyoshi]], was then deputized as the new ''[[Chinjufu Shogun]]'' and sent to chastise Yoritoki in 1053. In 1056 Yoritoki's eldest son, Sadato, began skirmishing with the Minamotos. All out war erupted in 1057 and Yoritoki was killed in battle by a stray arrow.<ref>Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). Lessons from History: the Tokushi Yoron, p. 120.</ref> ▼
 
==Campaign==
Yoritoki's sons continued fighting for a time but were finally overwhelmed by combined Minamoto and Kiyohara armies in 1062.
▲The 9th and 10th centuries saw a weakening of central power as a new land management system of tax-immune estates, or shoen, took hold. Yoritoki and the Abes came into conflict with the [[Minamoto clan]] as the Minamotosit began to expand their holdings north into Abe territory. andThe theAbe Abesclan began to raid territories south of their border. In 1051 Yoritoki led an army of Emishi into northern Miyagi and trounceddefeated a government army at Onikiribe that had been sent to stop suchthe practicesraids. This is the event which triggered the Former Nine Years' War ([[Zenkunen War]]).
 
▲[[Minamoto no Yoriyoshi]], was then deputized as the new ''[[Chinjufu Shogun]]'' and sent to chastise Yoritoki in 1053. In 1056 Yoritoki's eldest son, Sadato, began skirmishing with the Minamotos. All out warWar erupted in 1057 and Yoritoki was killed in battle by a stray arrow.<ref>Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). Lessons from History: the Tokushi Yoron, p. 120.</ref>
 
Yoritoki's sons continued fighting for a time but were finally overwhelmed by combined Minamoto and [[Kiyohara clan|Kiyowara]] armies in 1062.<ref name=Sansom>{{Cite book |last=Sansom |first=George |title=A history of Japan to 1334 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanto00sans |url-access=registration |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1958 |isbn=0804705232 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofjapanto00sans/page/249 249]–251}}</ref>
 
==Legacy==
Yoritoki was the father of -
* [[Abe no Sadato]] (1019–1062) who occupied the Kuriyagawa Stockade;
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==References==
* [[Joyce Ackroyd|Ackroyd, Joyce]]. (1982) ''Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron.'' Brisbane: [[University of Queensland Press]]. 10-{{ISBN 0-702-21485-X/13-ISBN |978-0-702-21485-1}}; [httphttps://www.worldcat.org/title/lessons-from-history-the-tokushi-yoron/oclc/7574544&referer=brief_results OCLC 7574544]
* [[George Bailey Sansom|Sansom, George Bailey]]. (1958). [httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=t2c4t4yw21gC&printsec=frontcover&dqq=A+History+of+Japan+to+1334&client=firefox-a ''A History of Japan to 1334.''] Stanford: Stanford University Press. 10-{{ISBN 0-804-70523-2; 13-ISBN |978-0-8048047-705230523-3}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/224793047 {{OCLC |224793047]}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yoritoki, Abe Nono, Yoritoki}}▼
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Yoritoki, Abe No
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 28 August 1057
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
▲{{DEFAULTSORT:Yoritoki, Abe No}}
[[Category:People from Iwate Prefecture]]
[[Category:1057 deaths]]
[[Category:Samurai]]
[[Category:Japanese warriors killed in battle]]
[[Category:People of Heian -period Japan]]
[[Category:Year1010s of birth missingbirths]]
 
[[ja:安倍頼時]]
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