Canadian Bill of Rights: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Federal civil rights statute in Canada}}
{{About|the Canadian federal statute enacted in 1960|the charter of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada|Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms}}
{{Infobox legislation
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{{Constitutional history of Canada}}
The '''''Canadian Bill of Rights'''''<ref>Canadian Bill of Rights, S.C. 1960, c. 44.</ref> ({{lang-langx|fr|Déclaration canadienne des droits}}) is a federal statute and [[bill of rights]] enacted by the [[Parliament of Canada]] on August 10, 1960.<ref name="CampbellGoldsworthy2006">{{cite book|author1=Tom Campbell|author2=Jeffrey Denys Goldsworthy|author3=Adrienne Sarah Ackary Stone|title=Protecting Rights Without a Bill of Rights: Institutional Performance and Reform in Australia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T_yFsltlrsUC&pg=PA265|year=2006|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-0-7546-2558-2|page=265}}</ref> It provides [[Canadians]] with certain rights at Canadian federal law in relation to other federal statutes. It was the earliest expression of [[Human rights in Canada|human rights law at the federal level in Canada]], though an [[implied Bill of Rights]] had already been recognized in the Canadian [[common law]].<ref name=magnet>Joseph E. Magnet, [http://www.constitutional-law.net/chartersample.html ''Constitutional Law of Canada'', 8th ed., Part VI, Chapter 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008084158/http://www.constitutional-law.net/chartersample.html |date=2007-10-08 }}, Juriliber, Edmonton (2001). URL accessed on March 18, 2006.</ref>
 
The ''Canadian Bill of Rights'' remains in effect but is widely acknowledged to be limited in its effectiveness because it is a federal statute only, and so not directly applicable to provincial laws.<ref name="BoyleFinnie2002">{{cite book|author1=Alan E. Boyle|author2=Wilson Finnie|author3=Andrea Loux, Chris Himsworth, Hector MacQueen|title=Human Rights and Scots Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SZSSuFFsD_QC&pg=PA177|year=2002|publisher=Hart Publishing|isbn=978-1-84113-044-6|page=177}}</ref><ref name="Turner2009">{{cite book|author=Francis J. Turner|title=Encyclopedia of Canadian Social Work|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=StvfAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA42|date=23 July 2009|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press|isbn=978-1-55458-807-7|pages=41, 42}}</ref> These legal and constitutional limitations were a significant reason that the ''[[Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms]]'' was established as an unambiguously-constitutional-level Bill of Rights for all Canadians, governing the application of both federal and provincial law in Canada, with the [[patriation]] of the [[Constitution of Canada]] in 1982. Since patriation, its usefulness at federal law in Canada is mostly limited to issues pertaining to the enjoyment of property, as set forth in its section 1(a)]—a slightly-broader "life, liberty, and security of the person" right than is recognized in [[Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms|section seven of the ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'']].<ref name="Greene2014">{{cite book|author=Ian Greene|title=The Charter of Rights and Freedoms: 30+ years of decisions that shape Canadian life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vv6lBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT66|date=18 November 2014|publisher=James Lorimer Limited, Publishers|isbn=978-1-4594-0662-9|page=66}}</ref>
 
==Background==
*[[{{See|Human rights in Canada]]}}
 
===Saskatchewan's Bill of Rights===
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*[[New Zealand Bill of Rights Act]]
*''[[Saskatchewan Bill of Rights]]''
*[[Human rights in Canada]]
 
==References==