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Line 1: {{Short description\|Rank of officer in the armed forces of German-speaking countries}} {{Italic title}} {{Multiple issues\| {{more citations needed\|date=October 2021}} {{Cleanup rewrite\|date=October 2021}} \|}}▼ '''{{lang\|de\|Oberstleutnant}}''' ({{IPA\|de\|ˈʔoːbɐstlɔʏtnant}}) (English: Lieutenant Colonel)<ref name="LS1">{{cite web\|access-date=2024-08-24\|location=Stuttgart\|publisher=Langenscheidt\|title=German-English translation for "Oberstleutnant"\|url=https://en.langenscheidt.com/german-english/oberstleutnant}}</ref> is a senior [[field officer]] rank in several [[German (language)\|German]]-speaking and [[Scandinavia]]n countries, equivalent to [[lieutenant colonel]].{{sfn\|STANAG 2116\|pp=A-2, A-5, C-2, C-5}} It is currently used by both the [[Army\|ground]] and [[air force]]s of [[Austria]], [[Germany]], [[Switzerland]], [[Denmark]], and [[Norway]]. The [[Sweden\|Swedish]] rank {{lang\|sw\|[[överstelöjtnant]]}} is a direct translation, as is the [[Finland\|Finnish]] rank {{lang\|fi\|everstiluutnantti}}. == Austria == [[File:Bundesheer - Rank insignia - Oberstleutnant.png\|thumb\|100px\|Insignia for Austrian {{lang\|de\|oberstleutnant}}]] [[Austria\|Austria's]] armed forces, the ''Bundesheer'', uses the rank Oberstleutnant as its sixth-highest officer rank. Like in Germany and Switzerland, Oberstleutnants are above Majors and below Obersts. The term also finds usage with the Austrian [[Federal Police (Austria)\|Bundespolizei]] (federal police force) and [[Justizwache]] (prison guards corps). These two organizations are civilian in nature, but their ranks are nonetheless structured in a military fashion.▼ == Belgium == <gallery class="center" caption="Rank insignia for ''Oberstleutnant''"> File:Army-BEL-OF-04.svg\|{{langx\|nl-BE\|Luitenant-kolonel}}<br />{{langx\|de\|Oberstleutnant}} </gallery> ==Denmark== {{expand section\|date=October 2021}} {{see also\|Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Army\|Ranks and insignia of Royal Danish Air Force}} The Danish rank of {{lang\|da\|oberstløjtnant}} is based around the German term.{{sfn\|Danske Soldater\|1935\|p=3}} Ranked OF-4 within NATO and having the paygrade of M401,{{sfn\|Ministry of Defence\|2017}} it is used in the [[Royal Danish Army]] and the [[Royal Danish Air Force]]. <gallery class="center" caption="Rank insignia for ''oberstløjtnant''"> Denmark-Army-OF-4-M11.svg\|Army RDAF Lt Col.svg\|Air Force </gallery> ==Germany==▼ {{Infobox military rank \| name = {{lang\|de\|Oberstleutnant}} \| native_name = \| image = {{nowrap\|[[File:HD H 52 Oberstleutnant HFla.svg\|88px]] [[File:LD B 52 Oberstleutnant.svg\|88px]]}} Line 10 ⟶ 37: \| caption2 = \| country = {{flagcountry\|Germany}} \| service branch = {{army\|Germany}}<br />{{air force\|Germany}} ~~{{flagcountry\|Austria}}~~ {{flagcountry\|Switzerland}}▼ \| service branch = [[File:Bundeswehr Logo Heer with lettering.svg\|25px]] [[German Army]]<br>[[File:Bundeswehr Logo Luftwaffe with lettering.svg\|25px]] [[German Air Force]]<br>[[File:Roundel of Austria.svg\|25px]] [[Austrian Armed Forces]]<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of Switzerland (Pantone).svg\|25px]] [[Swiss Armed Forces]] \| abbreviation = OTL \| rank = \| NATO rank = [[Ranks and insignia of NATO armies officers#Officers (OF 1–10)\|OF-4]] \| Non-NATO rank = ~~O-5~~ \| abolished = \| higher rank = [[Oberst]] Line 23 ⟶ 48: }} Typically, suffixes can be applied to the word Oberstleutnant to specify the individual type of officer. Retired officers that are not incapacitated (i.e. theoretically available for reactivation) from service continue to use their title with the suffix ''a.D.'' (Germany)<ref>Bundesbeamtengesetz (BBG) §86</ref> or ''aD'' (Switzerland),<ref>Verordnung über die Militärdienstpflicht (VMDP), Artikel 95.</ref>, an abbreviation of ''außer Dienst'', 'out of service'. Suffixes that specify military specialization in active service include ''Oberstleutnant i.G.'' ('im Generalstabsdienst') for general staff officers or ''Oberstleutnant d.R.'' ('der Reserve') for reservists. The suffix ''i.R.'' ('im Ruhestand'), implying retirement without the legal specification of a.D., is unofficial. ▼ '''Oberstleutnant''' ({{IPA-de\|ˈʔoːbɐstlɔʏtnant}}) (abbr. OTL) is a rank of [[commissioned officer]] in the armed forces of [[German language\|German-speaking]] countries, including the [[File:Flag_of_Germany.svg\|20x20px]] [[Bundeswehr\|German Bundeswehr]], [[File:Flag_of_Austria.svg\|20x20px]] [[Bundesheer\|Austrian Bundesheer]] and the [[File:Flag_of_Switzerland.svg\|alt=\|16x16px]] [[Swiss army\|Swiss Army]]. Furthermore, it was in use in past militaries like the [[File:Flag_of_Nazi_Germany.svg\|20x20px]] [[Wehrmacht\|German Wehrmacht]], [[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg\|20x20px]] [[German Army (German Empire)\|German Imperial Army]] and [[File:Flag of Austria-Hungary (1869-1918).svg\|20x20px]] [[Austro-Hungarian Army]]. It is equivalent to the [[Lieutenant colonel]] rank of English-speaking countries. It is below the [[Oberst]] (equivalent of [[Colonel]]) and above the [[Major (Germany)\|Major]]. The rank should not be confused with the lower-ranked but similar-sounding [[Oberleutnant]], which is the equivalent of the [[First lieutenant]]. ▲Typically, suffixes can be applied to the word Oberstleutnant to specify the individual type of officer. Retired officers that are not incapacitated (i.e. theoretically available for reactivation) from service continue to use their title with the suffix ''a.D.'' (Germany)<ref>Bundesbeamtengesetz (BBG) §86</ref> or ''aD'' (Switzerland)<ref>Verordnung über die Militärdienstpflicht (VMDP), Artikel 95.</ref>, an abbreviation of ''außer Dienst'', 'out of service'. Suffixes that specify military specialization in active service include ''Oberstleutnant i.G.'' ('im Generalstabsdienst') for general staff officers or ''Oberstleutnant d.R.'' ('der Reserve') for reservists. The suffix ''i.R.'' ('im Ruhestand'), implying retirement without the legal specification of a.D., is unofficial. ▲==Germany== === Bundeswehr === The armed forces of [[West Germany]] and unified [[Germany]] since 1955, the ''Bundeswehr'' uses the Oberstleutnant rank in the [[German Army]] and [[German Air Force]]. Equivalents in the other branches are ''Fregattenkapitän'' for the [[German Navy]], ''~~Oberstarzt~~Oberfeldarzt'' for medical staff, ''~~Flottenarzt~~Flottillenarzt'' for naval medical staff, ''~~Oberstapotheker~~Oberfeldapotheker'' for apothecary staff, ''~~Flottenapotheker~~Flottillenapotheker'' for naval apothecary staff, and ''~~Oberstveterinär~~Oberfeldveterinär'' for veterinary medical staff.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav?startbk=Bundesanzeiger_BGBl&jumpTo=bgbl178s1067.pdf#__bgbl__%2F%2F%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl178s1067.pdf%27%5D__1568619348345\|title=Presidential Order on Rank Designation and Uniform of Soldiers ("Anordnung des Bundespräsidenten über die Dienstgradbezeichnungen und die Uniform der Soldaten"), Bundesgesetzblatt Teil 1 1978 Nr. 40 vom 25.07.1978, p. 1067\|last=Scheel\|first=Walter\|~~authorlink~~author-link=Walter Scheel\|last2=Schmidt\|first2=Helmut\|~~authorlink2~~author-link2=Helmut Schmidt\|date=25 July 1968\|website=Bundesanzeiger Verlag\|language=~~German\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=~~de\|access-date=16 Sep 2019\|last3=Apel\|first3=Hans\|~~authorlink3~~author-link3=Hans Apel}}</ref> Within the German state employee paygrade system, the Oberstleutnant is placed within ''Besoldungsgruppe A'' and receives either the A14 or A15 paygrades, depending on individual seniority. Thus, the Oberstleutnant is paid an equivalent wage to that of first-class consuls and legates in the foreign service (A14) or state-employed school directors, ambassadors and general consuls (A15).<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bbesg/anlage_i.html\|title=Bundesbesoldungsgesetz Anlage I (zu § 20 Absatz 2 Satz 1) Bundesbesoldungsordnungen A und B\|last=German Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection~~\|first=~~\|date=23 May 1975\|website=Gesetze im Internet\|language=~~German\|url-status=live\|archive-url=\|archive-date=\|access-date=~~de}}</ref> The age limit for Oberstleutnant-rank officers is 61.<ref>Gesetz über die Rechtsstellung der Soldaten (Soldatengesetz - SG) §45 Abs. 2 (3)</ref> The Oberstleutnant's shoulder straps in Army and Air Force are marked by two vertically aligned ~~starts~~stars above oak leaves. {\| class="wikitable centered" \|- style="background-color:#CEDAF2" ! ~~Heer~~Army\|\| Luftwaffe \|- \|<gallery widths="90" heights="155"> HA OS5 52 Oberstleutnant i.G..svg\|<{{center>\|Oberstleutnant i.G.<br /><small>(Gen. staff service)</small>~~</center>~~}} HA OS5 52 Oberstleutnant HAufkl.svg\|<{{center>\|Oberstleutnant<br /><small>(Army reconnaissance)</small>~~</center>~~}} HA OS5 52 Oberstleutnant d.R. PzGren.svg\|<{{center>\|Oberstleutnant d.R.<br /><small>(Mech. infantry reserve)</small>~~</center>~~}} </gallery> \|<gallery widths="90" heights="155"> LA OS5 52 Oberstleutnant.svg\|<{{center>\|Oberstleutnant<br /><small>(''flecktarn'')</small>~~</center>~~}} LA 3S3 52 Oberstleutnant.svg\|<{{center>\|Oberstleutnant<br /><small>(''tropentarn'')</small>~~</center>~~}} </gallery> \|} === Bundesgrenzschutz === The Federal Border Guard (''[[Bundesgrenzschutz]] ~~police force~~'') used the rank ''Oberstleutnant'' until 1976, ~~and~~after ~~was~~which ~~subsequently~~it was replaced by the terms ''Polizeioberrat'' and ''Polizeidirektor'' ~~during~~as part of the government's effort to ~~differentiate between~~transform [[West Germany]]'s ~~police~~federal ~~and~~border guard agency into a less ~~armed~~militarized ~~forces~~structure.<ref>Gesetz über die Personalstruktur des Bundesgrenzschutzes (BGSPersG), Art. 5</ref> === Wehrmacht &and Waffen-SS === The [[Wehrmacht]] (1935-1945) of [[Nazi Germany]] used the rank of Oberstleutnant for Army and Air Force, much in the same style the Bundeswehr does. The [[Waffen-SS]] (1933-1945) used the rank ''[[Obersturmbannführer]]'' as an equivalent.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Handbuch der Wehrmacht 1939-1945: Ein Nachschlagewerk\|last=Lucas\|first=James\|publisher=Tosa Verlag\|year=2001~~\|isbn=~~\|location=Vienna\|pages=190\|language=~~German~~de\|translator-last=Kaspar\|translator-first=Rudolf\|chapter=Anhang I: Gegenüberstellung der Rangbezeichnungen\|orig-year=1998~~\|url-status=live~~}}</ref> === Nationale Volksarmee (NVA) === The [[National People's Army]] (1956-1990) of [[East Germany]] used the rank Oberstleutnant (abbr. OSL) for its army and air force, whereas the [[Volksmarine]] used the term ''Fregattenkapitän''. == ~~Austria~~ Norway== {{expand section\|date=October 2021}} ~~[[File:Obstlt-aut-feldanzug.gif\|thumb\|Insignia for Austrian LtCol]]~~ The rank of {{lang\|no\|Oberstløytnant}} was introduced around the same time as [[Denmark]], as Norway at the time was part of [[Denmark–Norway]].{{sfn\|Petersen\|2014\|p=493}} ▲[[Austria\|Austria's]] armed forces, the ''Bundesheer'', uses the rank Oberstleutnant as its sixth-highest officer rank. Like in Germany and Switzerland, Oberstleutnants are above Majors and below Obersts. The term also finds usage with the Austrian [[Federal Police (Austria)\|Bundespolizei]] (federal police force) and [[Justizwache]] (prison guards corps). These two organizations are civilian in nature, but their ranks are nonetheless structured in a military fashion. ~~== Switzerland ==~~ ~~[[File:CHE OF4Oberstlt1.png\|thumb\|85x85px\|Insignia for Swiss LtCol]]~~ ~~In [[Switzerland]], Oberstleutnant is the fifth-highest officer rank and is, like in Germany and Austria, subordinate to the Oberst and superior to the Major.~~ <gallery class="center" caption="Rank insignia for ''oberstløytnant''"> Because of the multilingual nature of Switzerland, Oberstleutnant-rank officers might also be referred to as ''lieutenant-colonel'' ([[French language\|French]]), ''tenente colonello'' ([[Italian language\|Italian]]) or ''litinent colonel'' ([[Romansh language\|Romansh]]). Norway-army-OF-4.svg\|Army ~~{\| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0.5em auto; clear: both;"~~ Norway-air force-OF-4.svg\|Air Force \|- </gallery> ~~\|width="30%" align="center" style="background:#cfcfcf;"\|Junior rank<br>'''[[Major (Germany)\|Major]]'''~~ ~~\|width="40%" align="center" style="background:#bfbfbf;"\|[[File:Bundeswehr Logo Heer with lettering.svg\|28px]] [[File:Bundeswehr Logo Luftwaffe with lettering.svg\|63px]]~~ ==Sweden== ~~<small>([[Rank insignia of the German Bundeswehr#Commissioned officers (CO/ de: Offiziere)\|German officer rank]])</small><br />'''Oberstleutnant'''~~ {{main\|Överstelöjtnant}} ~~\|width="30%" align="center" style="background:#afafaf;"\|Senior rank<br>'''[[Oberst]]'''~~ The Swedish variant {{lang\|sv\|överstelöjtnant}}, is a senior [[field officer\|field grade]] military [[Officer (armed forces)\|officer]] [[military rank\|rank]] in the [[Swedish Army]] and the [[Swedish Air Force]], immediately below the rank of [[Överste\|colonel]] and just above the rank of [[Major (Sweden)\|major]]. It is equivalent to the naval rank of [[Kommendörkapten\|Commodore captain]] in the [[Swedish Navy]].<ref name="SFS 2000:556 (2000), p. 2">{{cite web \|url=http://rkrattsdb.gov.se/SFSdoc/00/000556.PDF \|publisher=[[Swedish Code of Statutes]] \|title=Förordning om ändring i officersförordningen (1994:882) \|page=2 \|date=26 June 2000 \|access-date=7 October 2020 \|language=sv}}</ref> ▲\|} <gallery class="center" caption="Rank insignia for ''överstelöjtnant''"> Sweden-Army-OF-4 (M1987).svg\|Army OF-4 Överstelöjtnant AMF hylsa.jpg\|Amphibious Corps OF-4 Överstelöjtnant FV hylsa.svg\|Air Force </gallery> ▲~~{{flagcountry\|~~==Switzerland}}== {{empty section\|date=April 2021}} <gallery class="center" caption="Rank insignia for ''oberstleutnant''"> CHE OF4 Oberstlt2.svg\|Army </gallery> ===Swiss Guard=== {{empty section\|date=April 2021}} <gallery class="center" caption="Rank insignia for ''oberstleutnant''"> Rank insignia of Oberstleutnant (OF-4) Pontifical Swiss Guard.svg\|Army </gallery> ==See also== Line 84 ⟶ 121: [[Comparative military ranks of World War II]] ==References== [[Category:Military ranks of Germany]]▼ ;Citations {{Reflist}} ;Bibliography ~~{{Germany-mil-stub}}~~ * {{cite journal \|author1= \|title=Grads-Betegnelserne i Hæren \|journal=Danske Soldater \|date=12 February 1935 \|volume=2 \|issue=2 \|language=da \|ref={{harvid\|Danske Soldater\|1935}} }} ~~{{mil-rank-stub}}~~ * {{cite book \|author1=Military Committee Land Standardization Board \|title=STANAG 2116 \|date=13 January 2021 \|publisher=NATO Standardization Agency \|edition=7th \|ref={{harvid\|STANAG 2116}}}} * {{cite web \|author1=Ministry of Defence \|author1-link=Ministry of Defence (Denmark) \|title=Historik \|url=https://forpers.dk/hr/Pages/Historik.aspx \|website=forpers.dk \|publisher=Forsvarsministeriets Personalestyrelse \|access-date=8 April 2021 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222185850/https://forpers.dk/hr/Pages/Historik.aspx \|archive-date=22 February 2019 \|language=da \|date=9 January 2017}} * {{cite book \|last1=Petersen \|first1=Karsten Skjold \|title=Kongens klæder - Hærens uniformer og udrustning i Danmark-Norge \|date=2014 \|publisher=Historika \|location=Slovenia \|isbn=9788793229006 \|edition=1st \|language=da}} {{German military ranks}} ▲[[Category:Military ranks of Germany]] [[de:Oberstleutnant]]