Double taxation: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Levying of compulsory charges on the same thing by two different jurisdictions}}
{{Taxation|expanded=Policies}}
'''Double taxation''' is the levying of tax by two or more jurisdictions on the same income (in the case of [[income tax]]es), [[asset]] (in the case of [[Wealth tax|capital taxes]]), or [[financial transaction]] (in the case of [[sales taxes]]).
 
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===The Netherlands===
Different factors such as political and social stability, an educated population, a sophisticated public health and legal system, but most of all the corporate taxation makes the Netherlands a very attractive country of doing business in. The Netherlands levies corporate income tax at a 25 per cent rate. Residents taxpayers are taxed on their worldwide income. Non-residents taxpayers are taxed on their income derived from Dutch sources.
There are two sorts of double taxation relief in The Netherlands. Economic double taxation relief is available with regard to proceeds from substantial equity investments under the participation. Juridical double taxation relief is available for resident taxpayers having foreign source income items. In both situations there is a combined system in place which makes difference in active and [[passive income]].<ref>Maarten F. de Wilde & Geert T. W. Janssen(2011): ''The Netherlands: Key practical issues to eliminate double taxation of business income.'' Erasmus School of Law, 2011.</ref>
 
=== Hungary ===
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===U.S. citizens and resident aliens abroad===
In principle, United States citizens are liable to tax on their worldwide earnings, wherever they reside. However, some measures mitigate the resulting double tax liability. An individual who is a [[bona fide]] resident of a foreign country or is physically outside the United States for an extended time is entitled to an exclusion (exemption) of part or all of his [[earned income]], i.e. personal service income, as distinguished from income from capital or investments.<ref name=us54/> (See IRS form 2555.) If some income is not covered by this exclusion, foreign taxes paid on it can be claimed as a credit.<ref name=us54>{{cite web |url=https://www.irs.gov/publications/p54/index.html |title=Publication 54 (2015), Tax Guide for U.S. Citizens and Resident Aliens Abroad |access-date=31 May 2016}}</ref>
 
First, an individual who is a [[bona fide]] resident of a foreign country or is physically outside the United States for an extended time is entitled to an exclusion (exemption) of part or all of their [[earned income]] (that is, personal service income, as distinguished from income from capital or investments). That exemption was $103,900 for 2018, pro-rated.<ref name=us54/> (See IRS form 2555.)
 
Second, the United States allows a [[foreign tax credit]] by which income tax paid to foreign countries can be offset against U.S. income tax liability attributable to any foreign income not covered by this exclusion. The foreign tax credit is not allowed for tax paid on earned income that is excluded under the rules described in the preceding paragraph (i.e. no double dipping).<ref name=us54/>
 
=== Double taxation within the United States ===