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| homepage = {{URL|cirquedusoleil.com}}
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'''Cirque du Soleil''' ({{IPA|fr|siʁk dy sɔlɛj|lang}}, {{IPA|fr
Originating as a performing troupe called ''Les Échassiers'' ({{IPA|fr|lez‿eʃasje|IPA}}; "The Stilt Walkers"), they toured [[Quebec]] in various forms between 1979 and 1983. Their initial financial hardship was relieved in 1983 by a government grant from the [[Canada Council for the Arts]] to perform as part of the 450th anniversary celebrations of [[Jacques Cartier]]'s voyage to Canada.<ref name="glance">{{cite news|url=https://www.variety.com/article/VR1117949141.html?categoryid=2276&cs=1|author=Adam Sandler|title=Guy Laliberte: Cirque's shining light|access-date=18 August 2007|work=Variety|date=28 August 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425051128/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117949141.html?categoryid=2276&cs=1|archive-date=25 April 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> Their first official production ''Le Grand Tour du Cirque du Soleil'' was a success in 1984, and after securing a second year of funding, Laliberté hired Guy Caron from the [[École nationale de cirque|National Circus School]] to recreate it as a "proper circus". Its theatrical, character-driven approach and the absence of performing animals helped define Cirque du Soleil as the [[contemporary circus]] ("nouveau cirque") that it remains today.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/05/arts/05cirq.html?ex=1304481600&en=fe2ce3ff5cc2f609&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss|title=The Soleil Never Sets|author=John Rockwell|date=5 May 2006|work=The New York Times|access-date=21 February 2017|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916151914/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/05/arts/05cirq.html?ex=1304481600&en=fe2ce3ff5cc2f609&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss|url-status=live}}</ref>
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The touring show ''[[Totem (Cirque du Soleil)|Totem]]'' premiered in 2010<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/stage/2010/04/08/cirque_du_soleil_explores_evolution_with_totem.html|title=Cirque du Soleil explores evolution with 'Totem'|date=8 April 2010|website=The Star|language=en|access-date=2019-12-22|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071819/https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/stage/2010/04/08/cirque_du_soleil_explores_evolution_with_totem.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and was soon followed by three more shows in 2011: the resident show ''[[Iris (Cirque du Soleil)|Iris]]'' in Los Angeles and the touring shows ''[[Michael Jackson: The Immortal World Tour]]'' and ''[[Zarkana (Cirque du Soleil)|Zarkana]].''<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/05/theater/guy-laliberte-guides-cirque-du-soleil.html|title=Guy Laliberté Guides Cirque du Soleil|last=Zinoman|first=Jason|date=2011-06-03|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-12-22|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=17 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217170529/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/05/theater/guy-laliberte-guides-cirque-du-soleil.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Although the company was still growing at this time, it continued to face several issues with its newer productions. ''Zarkana'' and ''Michael Jackson: The Immortal World Tour'' received poor reviews<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/theatre/zarkana-new-york-reviews|title=Zarkana New York Reviews|last=Donnelly|first=Pat|date=2011-07-02|website=Montreal Gazette|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071818/https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/theatre/zarkana-new-york-reviews|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.straight.com/arts/cirque-du-soleils-michael-jackson-immortal-world-tour-spans-absurd-shallow|title=Cirque du Soleil's Michael Jackson THE IMMORTAL World Tour spans the absurd to the shallow|last=Varty|first=Alexander|date=2011-11-05|website=The Georgia Straight|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071816/https://www.straight.com/arts/cirque-du-soleils-michael-jackson-immortal-world-tour-spans-absurd-shallow|url-status=live}}</ref> and the company had a string of closures. ''Banana Shpeel'' closed in Toronto in October 2010 after cancelling its previously-announced engagement in San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.broadwaytovegas.com/October10,2010.html|title=Broadway To Vegas: October 10, 2010|last=Deni|first=Laura|date=2010-10-10|website=Broadway to Vegas|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071817/http://www.broadwaytovegas.com/October10,2010.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2011, Cirque du Soleil announced the closure of ''Zed'' due to poor ticket sales as a direct result of the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami|March 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/cirque-du-soleil-to-close-show-in-japan-1.1009711|title=Cirque du Soleil to close show in Japan|date=2011-07-25|website=CBC|access-date=2019-12-22|archive-date=20 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920212838/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/cirque-du-soleil-to-close-show-in-japan-1.1009711|url-status=live}}</ref> In November 2011 MGM Grand asked the company to close and replace ''Viva Elvis'' by the end of 2012 due to poor ticket sales.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/theatre/the-demise-of-viva-elvis-in-las-vegas-dont-blame-elvis|title=The Demise of Viva ELVIS in Las Vegas: Don't Blame Elvis!|last=Donnelly|first=Pat|date=2011-11-28|website=Montreal Gazette|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071816/https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/theatre/the-demise-of-viva-elvis-in-las-vegas-dont-blame-elvis|url-status=live}}</ref> In February 2012, the company announced the closure of ''Zaia'' due to disappointing ticket sales<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://travel.cnn.com/hong-kong/visit/cirque-du-soleil-macau-871570/|title=Cirque du Soleil leaves Macau|last=Li|first=Zoe|date=20 February 2012|website=CNN Travel|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=20 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920210626/http://travel.cnn.com/hong-kong/visit/cirque-du-soleil-macau-871570/|url-status=live}}</ref> and in November 2012, despite critical praise, announced the closure of ''Iris,'' also due to low ticket sales.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2012-nov-30-la-et-1201-cirque-closes-iris-20121201-story.html|title=Cirque du Soleil's extravagant 'Iris' will close Jan. 19|last1=Ng|first1=David|last2=Zahnister|first2=David|date=2012-11-30|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071817/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2012-nov-30-la-et-1201-cirque-closes-iris-20121201-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In December 2012, the company announced a new division — Cirque du Soleil Média — in conjunction with Bell Media, followed by the release of their second film ''[[Cirque du Soleil: Worlds Away|Worlds Away]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellmedia.ca/the-lede/press/cirque-du-soleil-and-bell-media-complete-joint-venture-transaction-and-announce-new-company-cirque-du-soleil-media|title=Cirque du Soleil and Bell Media Complete Joint Venture Transaction and Announce New Company, Cirque du Soleil Media|date=18 December 2012|website=Bell Media|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227071317/https://www.bellmedia.ca/the-lede/press/cirque-du-soleil-and-bell-media-complete-joint-venture-transaction-and-announce-new-company-cirque-du-soleil-media/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/cirque-du-soleil-worlds-away|title=Cirque du Soleil: Worlds Away|date=2012|website=Metacritic|access-date=2019-12-24|archive-date=3 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803084132/https://www.metacritic.com/movie/cirque-du-soleil-worlds-away|url-status=live}}</ref> At this time Cirque du Soleil also announced 50 layoffs. The layoffs consisted mostly of 30 employee positions at their International Headquarters in Montreal, including three vice-presidents.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/canada/montreal-gazette/20121215/282480001113357|title=A final bow, but no last rites|last=Donnelly|first=Pat|date=15 December 2012|website=Montreal Gazette|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224071819/https://www.pressreader.com/canada/montreal-gazette/20121215/282480001113357|url-status=live}}</ref>
With the high output of shows between 2007 and 2011 in combination with its multiple closures, the company began slowing down its operations. In 2012 and 2013 it only opened two shows: the touring tent show ''[[Amaluna]]'' and the resident show ''[[
In January 2014, Cirque du Soleil announced the creation of Cirque du Soleil Theatrical, a division aimed developing more traditional theatre productions in order to diversify their production output.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2014/legit/news/cirque-du-soleil-taps-scott-zeiger-to-launch-new-theatrical-division-1201055994/|title=Cirque Du Soleil Taps Scott Zeiger to Launch New Theatrical Division|last=Cox|first=Gordon|date=2014-01-14|website=Variety|language=en|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227071259/https://variety.com/2014/legit/news/cirque-du-soleil-taps-scott-zeiger-to-launch-new-theatrical-division-1201055994/|url-status=live}}</ref> The company subsequently announced numerous subsidiaries in addition to its Theatrical division, including the Sandbox Hospitality Group, 45 Degrees, 4U2C, and Outbox Enterprises.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/guy-laliberte-on-a-mission-to-rejuvenate-his-cirque-du-soleil/article18502374/|title=Guy Laliberté on a mission to rejuvenate his Cirque du Soleil|last=Cousineau|first=Sophie|date=6 May 2014|work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918181847/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/guy-laliberte-on-a-mission-to-rejuvenate-his-cirque-du-soleil/article18502374/|url-status=live}}</ref> In April 2014, ''[[Kurios (Cirque du Soleil)|Kurios: Cabinet of Curiosities]]'', a touring tent show, premiered in Montreal to critical acclaim<ref name="TS">{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/stage/2014/05/02/kurios_is_cirque_du_soleils_strongest_act_in_years_review.html|title=Kurios is Cirque du Soleil's strongest act in years: review|author=Ouzounian, Richard|date=May 2, 2014|work=[[Toronto Star]]|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227071305/https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/stage/2014/05/02/kurios_is_cirque_du_soleils_strongest_act_in_years_review.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and was followed in November 2014 by ''[[Joyà]]'', both the company's first resident show in Mexico and their first [[Dinner theater|dinner theatre]] production.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.lapresse.ca/arts/spectacles-et-theatre/cirque/201411/22/01-4821487-le-cirque-du-soleil-au-mexique-le-nouvel-eldorado.php|title=Le Cirque du Soleil au Mexique: le nouvel eldorado|last=Siag|first=Jean|date=2014-11-22|website=La Presse|language=fr|access-date=2019-12-23|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227071312/https://www.lapresse.ca/arts/spectacles-et-theatre/cirque/201411/22/01-4821487-le-cirque-du-soleil-au-mexique-le-nouvel-eldorado.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
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| 19 November 2009 || Tour || Theatre (2009–2010) || {{no|Retired}}
|- style="background:#fff;"
! scope="row" | ''[[Viva Elvis (Cirque du Soleil)|Viva Elvis]]''
| 16 December 2009 || [[Aria Resort and Casino]], Las Vegas || Resident (2009–2012) || {{no|Retired}}
|- style="background:#fff;"
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| 2018 || ''[[Volta (Cirque du Soleil)|Volta]]'' || A film adaptation of the touring show ''Volta'', filmed live in Montréal in 2017 and released on [[Bell Fibe TV]] in 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tv1.bellaliant.ca/fibetv1/shows/volta|title=Volta|publisher=tv1.bellaliant.ca|access-date=4 June 2018|archive-date=3 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803173646/http://tv1.bellaliant.ca/fibetv1/shows/volta|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2022 || ''Without a Net'' || A documentary about rebooting the show ''O'' after the production was shut down due to [[COVID-19]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cirquedusoleil.com/press/news/2024/without-a-net-trailer-release|title=Press Release|publisher=Cirque du Soleil|access-date=3 August 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14960276/|title=Without a Net|publisher=[[IMDB]]|access-date=3 August 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>
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