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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox monastery
| name = Michelham Priory
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| remains =
| public_access = Yes
| website = {{URL|https://sussexpast.co.uk/properties-to-discoverattraction/michelham-priory}}
}}
 
'''Michelham Priory''' is the site of a former [[Augustinians|AugustineAugustinian]] Priory in [[Upper Dicker]], [[East Sussex]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom]]. The surviving buildings are owned and administered by the [[Sussex Archaeological Society]] and are Grade I and Grade II listed.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1353289|desc= MICHELHAM PRIORY|accessdate=14 November 2014}}</ref>
 
A T-shaped stone-built structure, the east and north wings date from the 13th century and the west wing from the 16th century. The north wing, originally the Priors Lodging, comprises three storeys with an attic and the other two wings two storeys. The roof is tiled. The whole is surrounded by a [[moat]], enclosing an area of almost {{convert|8|acre|ha}}.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=253}}<!--ref for moat and area enclosed-->
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It was sold to James Gwynne in 1896 and was where his children [[Rupert Gwynne|Rupert]], [[Roland Gwynne|Roland]] and [[Violet Gordon-Woodhouse|Violet]] grew up.<ref>Pamela Cullen, "Stranger in Blood: The case files on Doctor [[John Bodkin Adams]]", 2006</ref> The property remained in private hands into the 20th century, when it was restored by the Sussex architect and antiquarian, [[Walter Godfrey]]. It was used as a base for [[Canada|Canadian]] troops during the winter of 1941-42 while they prepared for the [[Dieppe Raid]]. Later it was the East Sussex headquarters of the Auxiliary Territorial Service.
 
In 1958 Mrs R.H. Hotblack (Stella Hotblack) purchased the property with the aim of preserving it for posterity. With an endowment from [[Kenneth Mackay, 3rd Earl of Inchcape|Kenneth, Earl of Inchcape]] as a memorial to his friend John Fletcher Boughey who was killed during the [[Second World War]], Mrs Hotblack gave the property in trust to the [[Sussex Archaeological Society]] on 1 November 1959. The priory is allegedly haunted.
 
===Priors of Michelham===
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==Buildings==
===Barn===
[[File:Elizabethan Great Barn at Michelham Priory - geograph.org.uk - 1407085.jpg|thumb|right]]
{{Infobox building
The barn was built between 1587 and 1610.<ref name=Barn2>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=542094&resourceID=2 |title=MICHELHAM PRIORY |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> It is on a timber frame clad with tarred weatherboards. The arched queen post roof is covered with pegtiles. The barn is Grade II listed,<ref name=Barn>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1191640&resourceID=5 |title=THE BARNS TO THE SOUTH WEST OF MICHELHAM PRIORY |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> and currently serves as a function and meeting room.
| name = Barn at Michelham Priory
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The barn was built between 1587 and 1610.<ref name=Barn2>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=542094&resourceID=2 |title=MICHELHAM PRIORY |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> It is on a timber frame clad with tarred weatherboards. The arched queen post roof is covered with pegtiles. The barn is Grade II listed.<ref name=Barn>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1191640&resourceID=5 |title=THE BARNS TO THE SOUTH WEST OF MICHELHAM PRIORY |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> The barn serves as a function and meeting room.
{{Clear}}
 
===Chapter house and dormitory===
{{Infobox building
| name = Chapter house and dormitory, Michelham Priory
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The chapter house and dormitory stood south of the church, on the east of the site.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=239}}
{{Clear}}
 
===Church===
The church stood to the north of the surviving [[refectory]]. It possessed five bells. No trace of it remains today.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=239}} <br />
{{Infobox church
The five bells, cast by unknown founders, collectively weighed 40cwt (2030Kg) and were sold to John Ipingbury for £26 13s 4d at the dissolution of the monasteries. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/library/browse/details.xhtml?recordId=3241307 | title=Inventories of Goods of the Smaller Monasteries and Friaries in Sussex at the Time of their Dissolution Translated from Ministers' Accounts, P.R.O., 27 and 28 Henry VIII., No. 172. }}</ref>
| name = Michelham Priory church
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| osgridref = <!-- {{gbmappingsmall| TEXT}} -->
| location = Michelham Priory
| country = United Kingdom
| denomination = Augustine
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| founder = Gilbert de Aquila
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| prior = See [[Michelham Priory#Priors|list of priors]]
| subprior =
}}
The church stood to the north of the surviving [[refectory]]. It possessed five bells. No trace of it remains today.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=239}}
{{Clear}}
 
===Dovecot===
[[File:The old dovecot at Michelham Priory - geograph.org.uk - 1405833.jpg|thumb|right]]
{{Infobox building
| name = Dovecot
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
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| image = File:The old dovecot at Michelham Priory - geograph.org.uk - 1405833.jpg
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| address = Michelham Priory
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| coordinates = {{gbmappingsmall|TQ 558 093}}
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The dovecot, also described as a [[stable]]s or pigeon house, is a single-storey building of sandstone, [[ashlar]] on the south facing aspect under a hipped pegtile roof. Built in the 18th century, it is a [[Grade II listed building]].<ref name=Dovecot>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1043322&resourceID=5 |title=THE STABLES OR PIGEON-HOUSE TO THE NORTH WEST OF MICHELHAM PRIORY |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> The building has been converted to form a shop and tearoom.
{{Clear}}
 
===Gatehouse===
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| seating_capacity =
| rooms = <!-- or |unit_count = -->
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| references =
| footnotes =
}}
The gatehouse was built in the early 15th century,{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=243}} during the time when John Leem was prior.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=221}} A basement at moat level served either as a cellar or prison.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=243}} The building is about {{convert|50|ft|m}} high and contains four storeys, including the cellar.{{sfn|Cooper|1853|pp=153-54}}
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| seating_capacity =
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| url = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
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The surviving [[refectory]] building originally contained a hall {{convert|40|ft|m}} long. There was a window at the west end which was {{convert|13|ft|6|in|m|2}} wide,{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=239}} the outer frame of which survives today. This and the Prior's House are built of sandstone.<ref name=Refectory>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1353289&resourceID=5 |title=MICHELHAM PRIORY |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref>
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===Watermill===
[[File:Michelham-mh2.JPG|thumb|right]]
{{Infobox building
| name = Priory Mill
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The moat round the priory was formed by damming the [[River Cuckmere]] and the watermill is fed by the moat.{{sfn|Cooper|1853|p=158}} A [[watermill]] is mentioned at Michelham Priory as early as c.1260,{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=216}} In 1411 it was held by Robert de Blachington from [[William de Wrotham]] and his wife Joan de Kelle.{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=202}} In 1478, the priory owned two mills, which were both reported to be "in ruins".{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=230}} At the time the priory was dissolved, the mill produced an annual profit of [[£sd|53s 3d]].{{sfn|Salzmann|1901|p=244}}
 
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The mill was restored to working order in 1972, new machinery and a new breastshot wooden waterwheel being fitted. The mill is a Grade II listed building.<ref name=Watermill>{{cite web |url=http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1043323&resourceID=5 |title=PRIORY MILL |publisher=Heritagegateway |access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref>{{sfn|Stidder|Smith|1997|p=73}} In 1996, the waterwheel was rebuilt and other machinery repaired or replaced as necessary. The work was partly funded by a £42,000 grant from the [[National Lottery (United Kingdom)|National Lottery]].{{sfn|Stidder|Smith|1997|p=73}}
{{Clear}}
 
==See also==
Line 824 ⟶ 322:
 
===Sources===
*{{cite bookjournal |title=Some account of Michelham Priory in Arlington |last=Cooper |first=George Miles |journal=Sussex Archaeological Collections |volume=6 |pages=129–163 |publisher=Sussex Archaeological Society |location=Lewes |year=1853 |doi=10.5284/1085143|doi-access=free}}
*{{cite book |title=A Topographical Dictionary of England |url=https://archive.org/details/atlastotopograph1848lewi |editor-first=Samuel |editor-last=Lewis |location=London |year=1848 }}
*{{cite book |title=The History of the Parish of Hailsham, The Abbey of Otham and the Priory of Michelham |last=Salzmann |first=L.F. |publisher=Farncombe & Co |location=London |year=1901 }}
*{{cite book |title=Watermills of Sussex |volume=1, East Sussex |first1=Derek |last1=Stidder |first2=Colin |last2=Smith |publisher=Baron Birch |year=1997 |isbn=0 -86023 -569 -6 }}
 
==Further reading==
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[[Category:Gardens in East Sussex]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in East Sussex]]
[[Category:Reportedly haunted locations in South East England]]
[[Category:Christian monasteries established in the 13th century]]
[[Category:Grade I listed buildings in East Sussex]]
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