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{{About|the city in Alberta, Canada|other uses|Medicine Hat (disambiguation)}}
{{Redirect|The Gas City|the city in Indiana|Gas City, Indiana|the company|Gas City, Ltd.}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=November 2022}}
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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Medicine Hat
| official_name = City of Medicine Hat
| native_name =
| other_name =
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| image_skyline = Medicine Hat College View.jpg
| image_caption = Downtown Medicine Hat overlooking the City Hall
| image_flag = File:Flag of Medicine Hat Flag.svggif
| image_shield = Medicine Hat (coat of arms).png
| image_blank_emblem = Medicine Hat Logo.svg
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| elevation_m = 690
| area_footnotes = &nbsp;(2021)<ref name=2021census/>
| area_total_km2 = 125.01
| area_land_km2 = 111.97
| area_urban_km2 =
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| postal_code = [[List of T postal codes of Canada|T1A - T1C]]
| area_code = [[Area code 368|368]], [[Area code 403|403]], [[Area code 587|587]], [[Area code 825|825]]
| website = {{URL|httphttps://www.medicinehat.ca}}
| established_title4 = &nbsp;•&nbsp;[[List of cities in Alberta|City]]
| established_date4 = May 9, 1906
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}}
 
'''Medicine Hat''' is a city in [[Southern Alberta|southeast]] [[Alberta]], Canada. It is located along the [[South Saskatchewan River]]. It is approximately {{cvt|169|km}} east of [[Lethbridge]] and {{cvt|295|km}} southeast of [[Calgary]]. This city and the adjacent Town of [[Redcliff, Alberta|Redcliff]] to the northwest are within [[Cypress County]]. Medicine Hat was the [[List of cities in Alberta|sixtheighth-largest city in Alberta]] in 20162021 with a population of 63,230271. It is also the sunniest place in Canada according to Environment and Climate Change Canada,<ref>{{Cite news|last=McMillan|first=Dexter|date=December 29, 2021|title=Why the Prairies get more sun then the rest of Canada|work=CBC NEWS|url=https://www.cbc.ca/amp/1.6287193}}</ref> averaging 2,544 hours of sunshine a year.
 
Started as a railway town, today Medicine Hat is served by the [[Trans-Canada Highway]] ([[Alberta Highway 1|Highway 1]]) and the eastern terminus of the [[Crowsnest Highway]] ([[Alberta Highway 3|Highway&nbsp;3]]). Nearby communities considered part of the Medicine Hat area include the Town of Redcliff (abutting the city's northwest boundary) and the hamlets of [[Desert Blume]], [[Dunmore, Alberta|Dunmore]], [[Irvine, Alberta|Irvine]], [[Seven Persons]], and [[Veinerville]]. The [[Cypress Hills (Canada)|Cypress Hills]] (including [[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]) is a relatively short distance (by car) to the southeast of the city.
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[[File:Medicine Hat Speedway Derby, Alberta, Canada.jpg|thumb|Medicine Hat Speedway Derby]]
 
Rich in natural resources including natural gas, coal, clay, and farmland, the town became industrialized and was known in its early days as "the [[Pittsburgh]] of the West”. A number of large industries located here, attracted by the cheap and plentiful energy resources. Coal mines, brick works, pottery and glass bottle manufacturing plants, flour mills, etc. became established. Altaglass, an art and functional glass production company operated in Medicine Hat from 1950 to 1988.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McNaney |first=Derek and Ann |title=Swan Song: The story of ALTAGLASS with a guide to identification & values. |publisher=Derek McNaney |year=2005 |isbn=0973861800 |location=Red Deer, Alberta |publication-date=2005 |pages=7, 11 |language=EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Coward |first=Mary |title=Altaglass, manufacturers of hand made glass, Medicine Hat, Alberta 1950 - 1988 |publisher=Mary Coward |year=1999 |isbn=0968496806 |location=Edmonton, Alberta |publication-date=1999 |pages=4 |language=EN}}</ref> With transportation access via the railway and river, the town became a service and trade center for the agriculture and its products, both commodity crops and livestock, of the surrounding area. Between 1909 and 1914 the town had an economic boom that increased the population to more than 10,000. Little growth occurred between the World Wars.
 
During World War II, one of the largest [[prisoner-of-war camp]]s (P.O.W.POW) in Canada was established here in theJanuary mid-1940s,1943 and was used primarily to hold German and Italian prisoners until April 1946.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://albertashistoricplaces.com/2017/11/01/pow-and-internment-camps-in-alberta-wwii/ |title=POW and Internment Camps in Alberta: WWII |access-date= July 21, 2024}}</ref> It was not until the 1950s of the post-war period that the town again had commercial growth.
 
In the 21st century, Medicine Hat promotes its quality of life and affordable cost of living, enjoying the savings of a city-owned gas utility and power generation plant. Major industries have included chemical plants, a [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]] tire and rubber plant, greenhouses, numerous oil and gas related companies, a foundry, I-XL Industries (a brickworks dating from the 1880s),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://medalta.org/friends-medalta-acquire-medicine-hat-brick-tile|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130709030954/http://medalta.org/friends-medalta-acquire-medicine-hat-brick-tile|url-status=dead|title="I-XL Industries Acquired by Friends of Medalta in Hope of Preserving Medicine Hat's Industrial Heritage"|archivedate=July 9, 2013}}</ref> to name a few. Friends of Medalta is a non-profit that has been formed to preserve some of the city's industrial heritage.[https://medalta.org/community/about/]
 
== Geography ==
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===2013 Alberta floods===
During the [[2013 Alberta floods]] Medicine Hat, located on the South Saskatchewan River downstream from the confluence of the [[Bow River|Bow]] and [[Oldman River]]s was hit with significant flooding.<ref name=MedicineHat>{{cite web | url=http://medicinehat.ca/index.aspx?page=1447 | title=Medicine Hat Flood Potential 2013: Current News & Events | publisher=City of Medicine Hat | date=June 21, 2013 | access-date=June 21, 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021204614/http://www.medicinehat.ca/index.aspx?page=1447 | archive-date=October 21, 2013 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> The city evacuated 10,000 residents ahead of the flooding, and facilities including the [[Medicine Hat Arena]] had begun to flood late Sunday evening, June 23.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stephenson |first=Amanda |url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/alberta/Medicine+city+prepares+divided+flood/8567010/story.html |title=Floodwaters expected to cleave Medicine Hat |work=Calgary Herald |date=June 23, 2013 |access-date=June 23, 2013 |archive-date=June 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625004524/http://www.calgaryherald.com/news/alberta/Medicine+city+prepares+divided+flood/8567010/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The South Saskatchewan River peaked at {{cvt|5,460|m3/s}}, which was below earlier predictions of {{cvt|6,000|m3/s}},<ref>{{cite news |url=httphttps://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2013/06/24/canadamedicine-albertahat-floodfloodwaters-medicinestarting-hatto-recede-river1.html1311464 |title=Medicine Hat floodwaters starting to recede |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date= June 24, 2013 |access-date= June 24, 2013}}</ref> but exceeded the highest recorded rate of {{cvt|5,100|m3/s}} in 1995.<ref>{{cite news |url=httphttps://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2013/06/23/albertamedicine-hat-braces-for-disaster-after-calgary-floods-sunday1.html1376193 |title=Medicine Hat fears rising river after Calgary floods |publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |date= June 23, 2013 |access-date= June 23, 2013}}</ref>
 
=== Neighbourhoods ===
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The average home price in Medicine Hat in 2018 was $277,294.<ref>{{cite web |title=Alberta Real Estate Association Housing Market Stats |url=http://creastats.crea.ca/area/ |website=The Canadian Real Estate Association |access-date=26 April 2019}}</ref>
 
=== Climate ===
Located in the [[steppe]] region known as [[Palliser's Triangle]], Medicine Hat has a [[semi-arid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Semi-arid climate#Cold semi-arid climates|BSk]]''), with cold winters, and warm to hot, dry summers. Frequently, the winter cold is ameliorated by mild and dry [[Chinook wind]]s blowing from the west, and hot summer daytime [[temperature]]s are made more tolerable by low [[humidity]] and rapid cooling in the evening. As Medicine Hat receives less [[precipitation]] annually than most other cities on the [[Canadian Prairies]] and plentiful [[Sunlight|sunshine]] (it is widely known as "The sunniest city in Canada"),<ref name="MHA"/> it is a popular retirement city. Maximum precipitation typically occurs in the late spring and early summer.
 
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{{Medicine Hat weatherbox}}
 
{{Weather box
| collapsed = yes
| location = Medicine Hat ([[Medicine Hat Airport]]) elevation: 716.9 m (2,352 ft); 1991-2020 normals, extremes 1883−present
| source = [[Environment Canada]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Medicine Hat Airport |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnProv&lstProvince=AB&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=296000000&dispBack=0 |website=Canadian Climate Normals 1991-2020 |access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref>
| metric first = Y
| single line = Y
| width =
| Jan maximum humidex = 16.5
| Feb maximum humidex = 20.9
| Mar maximum humidex = 25.4
| Apr maximum humidex = 30.5
| May maximum humidex = 37.0
| Jun maximum humidex = 39.0
| Jul maximum humidex = 42.3
| Aug maximum humidex = 41.1
| Sep maximum humidex = 38.4
| Oct maximum humidex = 30.7
| Nov maximum humidex = 22.8
| Dec maximum humidex = 17.2
| year maximum humidex =
|Jan record high C = 18.3
|Feb record high C = 21.1
|Mar record high C = 28.9
|Apr record high C = 35.6
|May record high C = 37.2
|Jun record high C = 41.7
|Jul record high C = 42.2
|Aug record high C = 41.1
|Sep record high C = 38.3
|Oct record high C = 33.9
|Nov record high C = 24.4
|Dec record high C = 20.0
|year record high C =
|Jan high C = -2.9
|Feb high C = -0.6
|Mar high C = 5.9
|Apr high C = 13.5
|May high C = 19.2
|Jun high C = 23.1
|Jul high C = 27.7
|Aug high C = 27.2
|Sep high C = 21.3
|Oct high C = 13.2
|Nov high C = 4.6
|Dec high C = -1.4
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = -8.5
|Feb mean C = -6.4
|Mar mean C = -0.3
|Apr mean C = 6.6
|May mean C = 12.1
|Jun mean C = 16.4
|Jul mean C = 20.1
|Aug mean C = 19.4
|Sep mean C = 13.8
|Oct mean C = 6.6
|Nov mean C = -1.2
|Dec mean C = -6.9
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -14.1
|Feb low C = -12.2
|Mar low C = -6.6
|Apr low C = -0.5
|May low C = 5.1
|Jun low C = 9.7
|Jul low C = 12.4
|Aug low C = 11.5
|Sep low C = 6.3
|Oct low C = -0.2
|Nov low C = -7.0
|Dec low C = -12.4
|year low C =
|Jan record low C = -46.1
|Feb record low C = -46.1
|Mar record low C = -38.9
|Apr record low C = -26.7
|May record low C = -11.1
|Jun record low C = -1.1
|Jul record low C = 1.2
|Aug record low C = -0.6
|Sep record low C = -12.8
|Oct record low C = -28.7
|Nov record low C = -37.8
|Dec record low C = -45.6
|year record low C =
| Jan chill = -54.2
| Feb chill = -50.7
| Mar chill = -44.5
| Apr chill = -31
| May chill = -12.6
| Jun chill = -2.9
| Jul chill = -0.0
| Aug chill = -0.0
| Sep chill = -12.8
| Oct chill = -37.6
| Nov chill = -49.2
| Dec chill = -58.9
|year chill =
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation mm = 13.8
|Feb precipitation mm = 10.3
|Mar precipitation mm = 15.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 23.3
|May precipitation mm = 44.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 75.7
|Jul precipitation mm = 35.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 34.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 31.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 20.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 14.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 12.2
|year precipitation mm =
| unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 8.8
| Feb precipitation days = 7.8
| Mar precipitation days = 8.7
| Apr precipitation days = 8.1
| May precipitation days = 10.9
| Jun precipitation days = 12.9
| Jul precipitation days = 8.6
| Aug precipitation days = 8.0
| Sep precipitation days = 7.4
| Oct precipitation days = 7.1
| Nov precipitation days = 7.1
| Dec precipitation days = 9.0
}}
 
== Demographics ==
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| stationtype = Station
| stations =
| chief1name = MikeAlan WordenMurphy
| chief1position = [[chief of police]]
| minister1name = The Honourable [[Kaycee Madu]]
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* [[Richard Hortness]], Olympic swimmer<ref>{{Citation|last=Rooney |first=Sean |title=Richard Hortness: A dream realized |periodical=[[Medicine Hat News]] |url=http://www.medicinehatnews.com/node/64454 |access-date=February 9, 2010 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
* [[Gordie Johnson]], musician, best known as the front man for the reggae rock band Big Sugar, Austin-based Latin jazz band Sit Down Servant and southern rock band Grady.
* [[Blaine Lacher]], former professional ice hockey goaltender, most known playing for the Boston Bruins in the mid-1990s.
* [[Marilyn Levine]], ceramics artist
* [[Tamara Lich]], activist
* [[Trevor Linden]], former professional hockey player, member of the Order of Canada, former president of hockey operations for Vancouver Canucks<ref>{{cite news | url=httphttps://www.cbc.ca/news/canadapolitics/britishvideo-columbia/story/2011/11/04/pollinden-levy-mcdonald-join-order-of-canada-ceremony1.html1030618 | title=VIDEO: Linden, Levy, McDonald join Order of Canada | publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation | access-date=May 13, 2012 | date=November 4, 2011}}</ref> and recipient of the [[Order of British Columbia]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.orderofbc.gov.bc.ca/members/obc-2003/2003-trevor-linden/ | title=2003 Recipient: Trevor Linden - Vancouver | publisher=Government of British Columbia | access-date=May 13, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Dawson Murschell]], darts player
* [[Bud Olson]], former Member of Parliament and Senator for Medicine Hat, former Lieutenant Governor of Alberta<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.assembly.ab.ca/lao/library/lt-gov/olson.htm |title=The Honourable H.A. "Bud" Olson, P. C., 1996-2000 |publisher=Legislative Assembly of Alberta |access-date=December 29, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113071820/http://www.assembly.ab.ca/lao/library/lt-gov/olson.htm |archive-date=November 13, 2012 |df=mdy }}</ref>
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== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
 
==Further reading==
*Babs Congram and Laurie Milne Brumley, ''The Saamis Site: A Late Prehistoric-Protohistoric Campsite in Medicine Hat, Alberta,'' National Museums of Canada: 1978.
 
== External links ==
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|Southeast = [[Dunmore, Alberta|Dunmore]]<br>[[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]<br>[[Havre, Montana|Havre]]
}}
 
==Further reading==
*Babs Congram and Laurie Milne Brumley, ''The Saamis Site: A Late Prehistoric-Protohistoric Campsite in Medicine Hat, Alberta,'' National Museums of Canada: 1978.
 
{{Subdivisions of Alberta}}
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