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{{About|the city in Alberta, Canada
{{Redirect|The Gas City|the city in Indiana|Gas City, Indiana|the company|Gas City, Ltd.}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=November 2022}}
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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Medicine Hat
| native_name =
| other_name =
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| image_skyline = Medicine Hat College View.jpg
| image_caption = Downtown Medicine Hat overlooking the City Hall
| image_flag = File:Flag of Medicine Hat
| image_shield = Medicine Hat (coat of arms).png
| image_blank_emblem = Medicine Hat Logo.svg
| blank_emblem_type = Logo
| nickname = [[List of city nicknames in Canada#Alberta|"The Hat", "The Gas City"
| motto = {{lang|la|Animo et Fide}}{{spaces|2}}{{small|([[Latin]])}}<br/>"By Courage and Faith"
| image_map = CAN AB 0217 Medicine Hat CITY Map.svg
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| elevation_m = 690
| area_footnotes = (2021)<ref name=2021census/>
| area_total_km2 = 125.01
| area_land_km2 = 111.97
| area_urban_km2 =
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| postal_code = [[List of T postal codes of Canada|T1A - T1C]]
| area_code = [[Area code 368|368]], [[Area code 403|403]], [[Area code 587|587]], [[Area code 825|825]]
| website = {{URL|
| established_title4 = • [[List of cities in Alberta|City]]
| established_date4 = May 9, 1906
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| blank1_info = [[South Saskatchewan River]], Seven Persons Creek, Ross Creek
| blank2_name = Railways
| blank2_info = [[Canadian Pacific
}}
'''Medicine Hat''' is a city in [[Southern Alberta|southeast]] [[Alberta]], Canada. It is located along the [[South Saskatchewan River]]. It is approximately {{cvt|169|km}} east of [[Lethbridge]] and {{cvt|295|km}} southeast of [[Calgary]]. This city and the adjacent Town of [[Redcliff, Alberta|Redcliff]] to the northwest are within [[Cypress County]]. Medicine Hat was the [[List of cities in Alberta|
Started as a railway town, today Medicine Hat is served by the [[Trans-Canada Highway]] ([[Alberta Highway 1|Highway 1]]) and the eastern terminus of the [[Crowsnest Highway]] ([[Alberta Highway 3|Highway 3]]). Nearby communities considered part of the Medicine Hat area include the Town of Redcliff (abutting the city's northwest boundary) and the hamlets of [[Desert Blume]], [[Dunmore, Alberta|Dunmore]], [[Irvine, Alberta|Irvine]], [[Seven Persons]], and [[Veinerville]]. The [[Cypress Hills (Canada)|Cypress Hills]] (including [[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]) is a relatively short distance (by car) to the southeast of the city.
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=== Modern founding ===
[[File:Medicine Hat Station 1906 0664-0001.jpg|thumb
In 1883, when the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] (CPR) reached Medicine Hat and crossed the river, European Canadians established a town site. They named it from the [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] legends. As growth took place, in 1889 Medicine Hat built the first hospital west of [[Winnipeg]]. The CPR established this town as a railway [[divisional point]]. The frontier settlement was incorporated as a town on October 31, 1898. In 1905 when the province of Alberta was founded, it took in Medicine Hat, which had formerly been in the district of Assiniboia. Medicine Hat was incorporated as a city on May 9, 1906.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} The [[Medicine Hat station|depot]] itself is still standing and has been a [[National Historic Sites of Canada|National Historic Site]] itself since 1992.
Medicine Hat is halfway between [[Winnipeg]] and [[Vancouver]], British Columbia, on the Pacific Coast.
=== Industrialization and Growth ===
Rich in natural resources including natural gas, coal, clay, and farmland, the town became industrialized and was known in its early days as "the [[Pittsburgh]] of the West", referring to the industrial city in western Pennsylvania of the United States. A number of large industries located here, attracted by the cheap and plentiful energy resources. Coal mines, brick works, pottery and glass bottle manufacturing plants, flour mills, etc. became established. With transportation access via the railway and river, the town became a service and trade center for the agriculture and its products, both commodity crops and livestock, of the surrounding area. Between 1909 and 1914 the town had an economic boom that increased the population to more than 10,000. Little growth occurred between the World Wars.▼
▲Rich in natural resources including natural gas, coal, clay, and farmland, the town became industrialized and was known in its early days as "the [[Pittsburgh]] of the
During World War II, one of the largest [[prisoner-of-war camp]]s (P.O.W.) in Canada was established here in the mid-1940s, used primarily to hold German and Italian prisoners. It was not until the 1950s of the post-war period that the town again had commercial growth.▼
▲During World War II, one of the largest [[prisoner-of-war camp]]s (
In the 21st century, Medicine Hat promotes its quality of life and affordable cost of living, enjoying the savings of a city-owned gas utility and power generation plant. Major industries have included chemical plants, a [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]] tire and rubber plant, greenhouses, numerous oil and gas related companies, a foundry, I-XL Industries (a brickworks dating from the 1880s),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://medalta.org/friends-medalta-acquire-medicine-hat-brick-tile|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130709030954/http://medalta.org/friends-medalta-acquire-medicine-hat-brick-tile|url-status=dead|title="I-XL Industries Acquired by Friends of Medalta in Hope of Preserving Medicine Hat's Industrial Heritage"|archivedate=July 9, 2013}}</ref> to name a few. Friends of Medalta is a non-profit that has been formed to preserve some of the city's industrial heritage.▼
▲In the 21st century, Medicine Hat promotes its quality of life and affordable cost of living, enjoying the savings of a city-owned gas utility and power generation plant. Major industries have included chemical plants, a [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]] tire and rubber plant, greenhouses, numerous oil and gas related companies, a foundry, I-XL Industries (a brickworks dating from the 1880s),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://medalta.org/friends-medalta-acquire-medicine-hat-brick-tile|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130709030954/http://medalta.org/friends-medalta-acquire-medicine-hat-brick-tile|url-status=dead|title="I-XL Industries Acquired by Friends of Medalta in Hope of Preserving Medicine Hat's Industrial Heritage"|archivedate=July 9, 2013}}</ref> to name a few. Friends of Medalta is a non-profit that has been formed to preserve some of the city's industrial heritage.[https://medalta.org/community/about/]
▲[[File:Medicine Hat Speedway Derby, Alberta, Canada.jpg|thumb|left|Medicine Hat Speedway Derby]]
== Geography ==
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Located about {{cvt|40|km}} to the east at {{Coord|50|0|38.2|N|110|6|48.3|W|scale:7500|name=Badlands Guardian}} lies the [[Badlands Guardian|Badlands Guardian Geological Feature]]. It is a landscape formation taking the form of a head wearing a feathered headdress. The head is {{cvt|1000|ft}} wide. It is in inverse relief, formed by valleys rather than raised ground.
The antipodal point of Medicine Hat is near Port-aux-Francais (Kerguelen Island) in the middle of the Indian Ocean, and so this region is one of the rare places of Canada whose antipodal point is neither in the water of the Indian Ocean nor in the ice of Antarctica (see www.antipodesmap.com)
===2013 Alberta floods===
During the [[2013 Alberta floods]] Medicine Hat, located on the South Saskatchewan River downstream from the confluence of the [[Bow River|Bow]] and [[Oldman River]]s was hit with significant flooding.<ref name=MedicineHat>{{cite web | url=http://medicinehat.ca/index.aspx?page=1447 | title=Medicine Hat Flood Potential 2013: Current News & Events | publisher=City of Medicine Hat | date=June 21, 2013 | access-date=June 21, 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021204614/http://www.medicinehat.ca/index.aspx?page=1447 | archive-date=October 21, 2013 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> The city evacuated 10,000 residents ahead of the flooding, and facilities including the [[Medicine Hat Arena]] had begun to flood late Sunday evening, June 23.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stephenson |first=Amanda |url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/alberta/Medicine+city+prepares+divided+flood/8567010/story.html |title=Floodwaters expected to cleave Medicine Hat |work=Calgary Herald |date=June 23, 2013 |access-date=June 23, 2013 |archive-date=June 25, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625004524/http://www.calgaryherald.com/news/alberta/Medicine+city+prepares+divided+flood/8567010/story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The South Saskatchewan River peaked at {{cvt|5,460|m3/s}}, which was below earlier predictions of {{cvt|6,000|m3/s}},<ref>{{cite news |url=
=== Neighbourhoods ===
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*Crestwood and Norwood – This is an older area of town mainly built in the 1950s. It is located on a plateau southeast of the South Flats and the Seven Person's Creek. The Medicine Hat Exhibition & Stampede grounds is within this area.
*Hamptons - A four-phase neighbourhood approved for development in 2005. It is located in south Medicine Hat, and is bounded by South Boundary Road to the south, 13 Avenue SE to the east, South Vista Heights to the west and South Ridge to the north. It features architectural controls implemented by the developer.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.medicinehat.ca/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=829 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508184758/http://www.medicinehat.ca/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=829 | url-status=dead | archive-date=May 8, 2013 | title=Bylaw No. 3617: Hamptons Area Structure Plan | publisher=City of Medicine Hat | date=May 31, 2005 | access-date=December 29, 2012 }}</ref>
*North Flats / River Flats – The oldest area in Medicine Hat. Located northeast of the
*Park Meadows – An area that was developed in the 1990s, adjacent to Crestwood. Primarily residential with several apartments.
*Parkview – A subdivision developed in the 1990s, and located north of the South Saskatchewan River. It is adjacent to Police Point Park and Medicine Hat Golf and Country Club.
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*Ross Glen – Low density middle-class neighbourhood located in the southeast end of the city. First developed in the late 1970s.
*Saamis Heights – Located west of South Ridge in the south sector of the city. Saamis Heights was developed in under five years. The community borders the Seven Person's Creek valley and thus provides some walkout view lots.
*South Flats – Located south of the
*South Ridge – The first residential development south of the Trans-Canada Highway. First developed in the late 1970s. Adjacent to the World's Largest Teepee.
*South Vista Heights – A new residential suburban community south of the Trans-Canada Highway.
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== Attractions ==
[[File:Saamis tepee.jpg|thumb|upright|''Saamis Tepee'', installed 1991]]
The Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medalta.org/ |title=Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District |publisher=Medalta.org |date=August 5, 2011 |access-date=October 9, 2011}}</ref> is a living, working museum based on the [[Medalta Potteries]] and Hycroft China Factory Complexes as the focal points of the {{convert|150|acre|km2|1|adj=on|order=flip|abbr=on}} district. It offers guided tours, educational and arts programming, as well as experience through collections, exhibits, and interpretation. This nationally recognized industrial historic district is a cultural initiative of the Friends of Medalta Society with federal, provincial, municipal and private support. They are working to restore, preserve and culturally develop the Medicine Hat Clay Industries National Historic District for education and public enjoyment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://medalta.org/|title=Medalta | Historic Clay District in Medicine Hat, Alberta|website=Medalta}}</ref>
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*Central Park – located in the Southeast Hill neighbourhood, this is surrounded by large cottonwood trees and, on the north side, a row of cedar trees. It has play structures and a spray-deck, and a street basketball court.
*Riverside Veterans' Memorial Park – located downtown across River Road from the South Saskatchewan River and across 6th Avenue from City Hall. It contains the city's Cenotaph, a WWII-era [[M4 Sherman|Sherman tank]], a brick mural by James Marshall, and two Canadian Pacific Railway locomotives.
== Sports ==
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| stationtype = Station
| stations =
| chief1name =
| chief1position = [[chief of police]]
| minister1name = The Honourable [[Kaycee Madu]]
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== Notable people ==
<!-- Observe alphabetical ordering when adding new entries -->
* [[Elic Ayomanor]], current football player at [[Stanford Cardinal football|Stanford University]]; recipient of the [[Jon Cornish Trophy]] in 2023 as the top Canadian in NCAA football.
* [[Ronnie Burkett]]
* [[David E. Campbell (political scientist)|David Campbell]], Packey J. Dee Professor of American Democracy at the University of Notre Dame
* [[Terri Clark]], country singer
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* [[Rhoda Cosgrave Sivell]], poet
* [[Glen Edwards (pilot)|Glen Edwards]], test pilot for the [[United States Air Force]] and the namesake of [[Edwards Air Force Base]] in [[southern California]].
* [[Bruno Gerussi]]
* [[Jurgen Gothe]], radio broadcaster<ref name=understands>"Gothe understands the magic of his medium". ''Broadcast Week'', August 15, 1987.</ref>
* [[Todd Herman (coach)|Todd Herman]], author and coach
* [[Richard Hortness]], Olympic swimmer<ref>{{Citation|last=Rooney |first=Sean |title=Richard Hortness: A dream realized |periodical=[[Medicine Hat News]] |url=http://www.medicinehatnews.com/node/64454 |access-date=February 9, 2010 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
* [[Gordie Johnson]]
* [[Blaine Lacher]], former professional ice hockey goaltender, most known playing for the Boston Bruins in the mid-1990s.
* [[Marilyn Levine]], ceramics artist
* [[Tamara Lich]], activist
* [[Trevor Linden]], former professional hockey player, member of the Order of Canada, former president of hockey operations for Vancouver Canucks<ref>{{cite news | url=
* [[Dawson Murschell]],
* [[Bud Olson]], former Member of Parliament and Senator for Medicine Hat, former Lieutenant Governor of Alberta<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.assembly.ab.ca/lao/library/lt-gov/olson.htm |title=The Honourable H.A. "Bud" Olson, P. C., 1996-2000 |publisher=Legislative Assembly of Alberta |access-date=December 29, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113071820/http://www.assembly.ab.ca/lao/library/lt-gov/olson.htm |archive-date=November 13, 2012 |df=mdy }}</ref>
* [[Chris Osgood]], former professional hockey player<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hockeydb.com/ihdb/stats/pdisplay.php3?pid=4089 |title=Chris Osgood's hockey statistics profile at |publisher=Hockeydb.com |date=November 26, 1972 |access-date=October 9, 2011}}</ref>
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== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==Further reading==▼
*Babs Congram and Laurie Milne Brumley, ''The Saamis Site: A Late Prehistoric-Protohistoric Campsite in Medicine Hat, Alberta,'' National Museums of Canada: 1978.▼
== External links ==
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|Southeast = [[Dunmore, Alberta|Dunmore]]<br>[[Cypress Hills Interprovincial Park]]<br>[[Havre, Montana|Havre]]
}}
▲==Further reading==
▲*Babs Congram and Laurie Milne Brumley, ''The Saamis Site: A Late Prehistoric-Protohistoric Campsite in Medicine Hat, Alberta,'' National Museums of Canada: 1978.
{{Subdivisions of Alberta}}
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