Skalica: Difference between revisions

'''Skalica''' ({{lang-de|Skalitz}}, {{lang-hu|Szakolca}}, [[Latin]]: ''Sakolcium'') is the largest citytown in [[Skalica District]] in western [[Slovakia]] in the [[Záhorie]] region. Located near the [[Czech Republic|Czech]] border, Skalica has a population of 14around 15,963 (as of 2005)000.

The name is derived from Slovak word ''skala'' (a rock) referring to the cliffs the inhabitants built their settlement over.<ref name="lexicon">{{cite book | editor1-first = Martin | editor1-last = Štefánik | editor2-first = Ján | editor2-last = Lukačka | title = Lexikón stredovekých miest na Slovensku | trans-title = Lexicon of Medieval Towns in Slovakia | ppage = 43| publisher = Historický ústav SAV | location = Bratislava | year = 2010 | isbn = 978-80-89396-11-5 | language = Slovaksk | url = http://www.forumhistoriae.sk/e_kniznica/Lexikon-stredovekych-miest.pdf | ref=harv}}</ref> The first written record of Skalica was made in 1217 as ''SkalzaSzacholca''.<ref name="lexicon"/>

The site has been inhabited since 4000 BC and was part of the [[Great Moravian Empire]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zahorskemuzeum.sk/?q=page/155|title=Domov » Záhorské Múzeum Skalica|website=Záhorské Múzeum Skalica}}</ref><ref>http{{cite web|url=https://books.google.skcom/books?id=aHcvAAAAIAAJ&q=Skalica+velka+morava&dq|title=Skalica+velka+morava&hlDejiny Slovenska: Od najstarších čas do roku 1848|first=sk&eiL̕udovít|last=TiflTpi1CcXBtAbU1NSxCQ&saHolotík|date=X&oi2 May 1961|publisher=book_result&ctVydavatel'stvo Slovenskej akadémie vied|via=result&sqi=2&redir_esc=yGoogle Books}}</ref> From the second half of the 10th century until 1918, it was part of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]. The settlement developed around a triangular [[plaza]], which was rare during the [[Middle Ages]]. Its [[town privileges]] were conferred in 1372 by King [[Louis I of Hungary]]. In 1428 Skalica became a [[bastion]] for the [[Hussites]]; during the [[Hussite Wars]], the majority of its then predominantly German-speaking populace fled or was exiled. Many [[Habaners]] (adherents of a sect similar to [[Anabaptism]]) settled in Skalica in the 16th century. For

On eight6 days inNovember 1918 Skalica wasbecame the seat of athe Temporary Government of Slovakia, for ten days de facto capital of Slovakia. The Temporary Government led by [[CzechoslovakVavro Šrobár]] delegationdeclared whichhere a sovereignty of the Czechoslovak state, published a newspaper ''Sloboda'' (Liberty) and unsuccessfully tried to negotiate the removal of [[Hungary|Hungarian]] troops from [[Upper Hungary]] ''(today Slovakia)''.

A popular pastry called [[Trdelníktrdelník]] is made in Skalica. Now sold all over the SlovakSlovakia and Czech RepublicsCzechia, this unusual "stove-pipe" shaped pastry has its origins in [[Transylvania]].

Today, it is economically the strongest town in the [[Záhorie]] region, bypassing its rival town [[Senica]] for this position, and is becoming a tourist destination thanks to its preserved citytown centre and historical monuments.

Near the remnants of one of Skalica's [[city wall]]s is one of Slovakia's oldest works of construction, the [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] [[Rotunda (architecture)|Rotunda]] of [[St. George]]. Although its exact date of origin is unknown, it was constructed by the 12th century at the latest. <!--as per German wiki--> A [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] dome was attached to it in the 17th century. The city has several churches, including a [[Jesuit]] church and [[monastery]], the 15th century Parish Church of [[St. Michael]], and the 15th century [[Franciscan]] church and monastery. Other sights are Skalica's Late [[Renaissance]] [[town hall]] and the [[Skalica Culture House]] built in the [[Art Nouveau]] with elements of Czech and Slovak folklore.<ref>Jan Velinger, Famous Art Nouveau gem set to reopen{{Cite news|url=http://www.radio.cz/en/section/curraffrs/famous-art-nouveau-gem-set-to-reopen|title=Famous Art Nouveau gem set to reopen {{!}} Radio Prague|last=Veinger|first=Jan|date=2011-03-16|work=Radio Praha|access-date=2018-05-02|language=en}}</ref>

According to the 2001 [[census]], the town had 15,013 inhabitants. 94.84% of inhabitants were [[Slovaks]], 3.61% [[Czech people|Czechs]] and 0.61% [[Romani people|Roma]].<ref name="statistics">{{cite web | title = Municipal Statistics | publisher = Statistical Office of the Slovak republic | url = http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html | accessdateaccess-date = 2007-12-09 |archiveurlarchive-url = httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20071116010355/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedatearchive-date = 2007-11-16}}</ref> The religious make-up was 70.15% [[Roman Catholics]], 19.92% people with no religious affiliation and 6.67% [[Lutherans]].<ref name="statistics"/>

==PartnerTwin towns — sister cities==

==See Referencesalso==