Ski: Difference between revisions

The word ''ski'' comes from the [[Old Norse]] word {{lang|non|skíð}} which means "cleft wood",<ref name=":0" /> "stick of wood" or "ski".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ski|title=Definition of SKI|website=www.merriam-webster.com}}</ref> In Old Norse common phrases describing skiing were ''fara á skíðum'' (to travel, move fast on skis), ''renna'' (to move swiftly) and ''skríða á skíðum'' (to stride on skis).<ref>Grønvik, Ottar (2000). ''O̧ndurdís og o̧ndurgoð: studier over den førkristne religion i Norden''. Oslo: Det norske videnskaps-akademi. {{ISBN|8290888325}}.</ref> In modern Norwegian the word ''ski'' has largely retained the Old Norse meaning in words for split firewood, wood building materials (such as [[bargeboard]]s) and [[roundpole fence]].<ref>[[Ivar Aasen|Aasen, Ivar]] (1950): ''Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog.'' Kristiania: Carl C. Werner.</ref><ref>Karlsen, Edgar (1993). ''Lærebok i lafting.'' Oslo: Universitetsforlaget. {{ISBN|8200410064}}.</ref><ref name=":1" /> In [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]] this word is usually pronounced {{IPA-no|ˈʂiː|}}. In [[Swedish language|Swedish]], another language evolved from Old Norse, the word is {{lang|sv|skidor}} (plural, {{IPA-|sv|ˈɧîːdʊr|pron}}; singular: {{lang|sv|skida}}).

[[English language|English]] and [[French language|French]] use the original Norwegian spelling {{lang|fr|ski}}, and modify the pronunciation. Before 1920, English often called them ''skee'' and ''snow-shoe''.<ref>[http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1903-12-20/ed-1/seq-32/ "Winter Sport with Skees on the Snow"] (December 20, 1903) New-York Tribune pg 2</ref> In [[Italian language|Italian]], it is pronounced similarly to Norwegian, but the spelling is modified accordingly: {{lang|it|sci}} {{IPA-|it|ˈʃi|}}. [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]] adapt the word to their linguistic rules: {{lang|pt|esqui}} and {{lang|es|esquí}}. In German, spellings ''Ski'' and ''Schi'' are in use, both pronounced {{IPA-|de|ˈʃiː|}}. In [[Dutch language|Dutch]], the word is {{lang|nl|ski}} and the pronunciation was originally {{IPA-|nl|ˈʃiːˈɕiː|}} as in Norwegian, but since approximately the 1960s changed to {{IPA-|nl|ˈskiː|}}. In [[Welsh language|Welsh]] the word is spelled ''sgi''.<ref name=":0">Caprona, Yann de: ''Norsk etymologisk ordbok''. Oslo: Kagge forlag, 2014. {{ISBN|9788248910541}}.</ref> Many languages make a verb form out of the noun, such as ''to ski'' in English, {{lang|fr|skier}} in French, {{lang|es|esquiar}} in Spanish and Portuguese, {{lang|it|sciare}} in Italian, {{lang|nl|skiën}} in Dutch, or {{lang|de|Schi laufen}} or {{lang|de|Schi fahren}} (as above also {{lang|de|Ski laufen}} or {{lang|de|Ski fahren}}) in German.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bergemann|first=Karl W.|title=Das Wörterbuch Deutsch-Englisch: 420.000 Stichwörter}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Skifahren|title=Duden &#124; Skifahren &#124; Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunft|website=www.duden.de}}</ref> Norwegian and Swedish do not form a verb from the noun.<ref name=":1">Bleken, Brynjulv (1973). ''Riksmål og moderat bokmål: en sammenlignende oversikt.'' Oslo: Aschehoug. {{ISBN|8203053025}}.</ref>

==Ski Maintenancemaintenance==