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{{Short description|American daily newspaper in Louisville, Kentucky}}
{{For2|the Oxford newspaper previously known by this name|[[Oxford Journal]]|the newspaper in Alabama|[[Florence, Alabama]]}}▼
{{Distinguish|Journal & Courier|Journal-Courier}}
▲{{
{{More citations needed|date=December 2016}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=
{{Infobox newspaper
| name
| image
| caption
| type
| format
| political
| foundation
| ceased publication
| owners
| president
| editor
| circulation = {{ublist|29,818 daily|40,898 Sunday}}
| circulation_date = Q3 2022
| circulation_ref = <ref name="Gannet's 10-K annual filing">{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1579684/000157968423000014/gci-20221231.htm |title=Form 10-K |author=Gannett |website=Securities & Exchange Commission |access-date=March 10, 2023 |archive-date=March 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310144149/https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1579684/000157968423000014/gci-20221231.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NL2023">{{cite news |last1=Benton |first1=Joshua |title=The scale of local news destruction in Gannett's markets is astonishing |url=https://www.niemanlab.org/2023/03/the-scale-of-local-news-destruction-in-gannetts-markets-is-astonishing/ |work=Nieman Lab |date=March 9, 2023 |access-date=March 10, 2023 |archive-date=March 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310142906/https://www.niemanlab.org/2023/03/the-scale-of-local-news-destruction-in-gannetts-markets-is-astonishing/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| headquarters
| ISSN
| website = {{URL|https://www.courier-journal.com/|courier-journal.com}}
}}
The '''''Courier Journal''''',<!-- See Talk page discussion. There was a renaming on October 30, 2017. --> also known as the '''''Louisville Courier Journal'''''<!-- As of June 2019, the byline of its published articles says "Louisville Courier Journal" (without "The" and without a hyphen) --> (and informally '''''The C-J''''' or '''''The Courier'''''), and called '''''The Courier-Journal''''' between November 8, 1868, and October 29, 2017, is a daily [[newspaper]] published in [[Louisville, Kentucky]] and owned by [[Gannett]], which bills it as "Part of the [[USA Today Network|''USA Today'' Network]]".
It is the newspaper with the highest
▲is the highest circulation newspaper in [[Kentucky]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Conley |first=Julia |date=2020-06-11 |title=Kentucky's largest newspaper endorses progressive Charles Booker in Senate race. "Frankly, it's time to shake up the establishment," the Courier-Journal's editorial board writes |url=https://www.salon.com/2020/06/11/kentuckys-largest-newspaper-endorses-progressive-charles-booker-in-senate-race_partner/ |website=[[Salon (website)|Salon]] |access-date=2021-03-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310101527/https://www.salon.com/2020/06/11/kentuckys-largest-newspaper-endorses-progressive-charles-booker-in-senate-race_partner/ |archivedate=2021-03-10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Kessler |first=Martin |date=2020-05-15 |title='You're Not Going To Marry The NBA, Are You?' The Dating Woes Of A Beat Writer |url=https://www.wbur.org/onlyagame/2020/05/15/adam-himmelsbach-boston-globe-dating-covid |publisher=[[WBUR-FM]] |access-date=2021-03-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531021651/https://www.wbur.org/onlyagame/2020/05/15/adam-himmelsbach-boston-globe-dating-covid |archivedate=2021-03-10 }}</ref> It is owned by [[Gannett]] and billed as "Part of the [[USA Today Network|''USA Today'' Network]]". According to the ''1999 [[Editor & Publisher]] International Yearbook'', the paper is the 48th-largest daily paper in the United States.{{update inline|date=June 2019|reason=1999 was 10 years ago.}}
==History==
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''The Courier-Journal'' was created from the merger of several newspapers introduced in [[Kentucky]] in the 19th century.
A pioneer paper called ''The Focus of Politics, Commerce and Literature'' was founded in 1826 in [[Louisville]] when the city was an early settlement of less than 7,000 individuals. In 1830 a new newspaper, ''The Louisville Daily Journal'', began distribution in the city and, in 1832, the ''Journal'' absorbed ''The Focus of Politics, Commerce and Literature''. The Louisville ''Journal'' was an organ of the [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig Party]] and was founded and edited by [[George D. Prentice]], a New Englander who initially came to Kentucky to write a biography of [[Henry Clay]].<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=23375897|last=Congleton|first=Betty Carolyn|title=The Louisville Journal: Its Origin and Early Years |journal=The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society |volume=62|issue=2|pages=87–88|date=April 1964}}</ref> Prentice
In 1844, another newspaper, the ''Louisville Morning Courier'', was founded in Louisville by [[Walter Newman Haldeman]]. ''The Louisville Daily Journal'' and the ''Louisville Morning Courier'' were leading newspapers in [[
Upon the announcement of the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] that ended slavery in the Confederate states, the ''Journal'' opposed the Proclamation as an unconstitutional use of presidential power, and predicted: "Kentucky cannot and will not acquiesce in this measure. Never!"<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HZxOJarwChkC&pg=PA105|title=Fighting Words: An Illustrated History of Newspaper Accounts of the Civil War|last=Coopersmith|first=Andrew S.|place=New York|publisher=The New Press|year=2004|isbn=1-56584-796-2|pages=105–106|access-date=September 8, 2021|archive-date=March 19, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319081527/https://books.google.com/books?id=HZxOJarwChkC&pg=PA105|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Progress and Intelligence of Americans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9jdcAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA65|last=Wheat|first=M.T.|edition=2nd|year=1862|place=Louisville|pages=65–68|access-date=September 8, 2021|archive-date=March 19, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319081528/https://books.google.com/books?id=9jdcAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA65|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1868, an ailing Prentice persuaded the 28-year-old [[Henry Watterson]] to come edit for the ''Journal''. During secret negotiations in 1868, ''The Journal'' and the ''Courier'' merged, and the first edition of ''The Courier-Journal'' was delivered to Louisvillians on Sunday morning, November 8, 1868.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
===Watterson era===
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''The Courier-Journal'' founded a companion afternoon edition of the paper, ''[[The Louisville Times]]'', in May 1884. In 1896, Watterson and Haldeman opposed Democratic presidential candidate [[William Jennings Bryan]] over his support of [[free silver]] coinage. This unpopular decision upset readers and advertisers, many of whom pulled their support for ''The Courier-Journal''. Kentucky voted for the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] candidate in 1896, the first time in state history, and local political leaders blamed the Courier. Only the popularity of ''The Louisville Times'', which had no strong editorial reputation, saved the newspaper company from bankruptcy. The ''Courier'' supported Bryan in future elections.<ref name="presshist" />
Haldeman had owned the papers until his death in 1902, and by 1917 they were owned by his son, [[William Birch Haldeman|William]], and Henry Watterson.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
===Bingham ownership===
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In 1971, [[Barry Bingham, Jr.]] succeeded his father as the newspapers' editor and publisher.
The Binghams were well-liked owners popularly credited with being more concerned with publishing quality journalism than making heavy profits. They also owned the leading local radio and television stations – [[WHAS-TV]], [[WHAS-AM]], and [[WAMZ|WAMZ-FM]]—and [[Standard Gravure]], a [[rotogravure]] printing company that printed ''The Courier-Journal''{{'s}} Sunday ''Magazine'' as well as similar magazines for other newspapers.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
Barry Bingham Jr. sought to free the papers from conflicts of interests, and through ''The Louisville Times'', experimented with new ideas such as signed editorials. Bingham Jr. also parted with tradition by endorsing several Republican candidates for office.<ref name="presshist" />
In 1974, [[Carol Sutton (journalist)|Carol Sutton]] became managing editor of ''The Courier-Journal'', the first woman appointed to such a post at a major US daily newspaper. Under the leadership of C. Thomas Hardin, director of photography, the combined photography staff of ''The Courier-Journal and Louisville Times'' was awarded the 1976 [[Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography]] for its coverage of school desegregation in Louisville.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
[[Barry Bingham, Jr.]] served as editor and publisher until he resigned in 1986, shortly after his father announced that the newspaper company was for sale, in large measure because of disagreements between Bingham Jr. and his sister [[Sallie Bingham|Sallie]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
===Gannett ownership===
{{update section|date=March 2017}}
[[File:CJ Dispenser.jpg|thumb
On January 8, 1986, Barry Bingham Sr. announced his intent to sell the family owned media properties including the Courier-Journal.<ref>{{Cite book|last=E.|first=Tifft, Susan|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/123102936|title=The patriarch : the rise and fall of the Bingham dynasty|date=1993|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=0-671-79707-7|oclc=123102936|access-date=December 16, 2021|archive-date=May 1, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501011254/https://search.worldcat.org/title/123102936|url-status=live}}</ref> In July 1986, [[
February 1987 saw the last publication of ''[[The Louisville Times]]'', which like most afternoon papers had experienced declining readership; the news operations of the two papers had previously been consolidated under Gannett. The surviving Courier featured a strong news content increase by 29%.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Coulson|first1=David C.|last2=Hansen|first2=Anne|date=March 1995|title=The Louisville Courier-Journal's News Content after Purchase by Gannett|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/107769909507200117|journal=Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly|language=en|volume=72|issue=1|pages=205–215|doi=10.1177/107769909507200117|s2cid=144734353
In 1989, the paper's news staff won the Pulitzer Prize for general local reporting for what the Pulitzer board called "exemplary initial coverage" of a [[Carrollton, Kentucky bus collision|collision]] that was the nation's worst drunk-driving crash and school-bus accident. In 2005, cartoonist [[Nick Anderson (cartoonist)|Nick Anderson]] won the paper's 10th Pulitzer, but when he left for the ''[[Houston Chronicle]]'', the paper did not replace him, instead relying largely on submissions from local cartoonists. One, lawyer Marc Murphy, has become a near-regular and gained respect for his work.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
The newspaper resumed polling on elections, and began video streaming its editorial-board conferences with major candidates, under Publisher Arnold "Arnie" Garson, who came from the Argus Leader, Gannett's paper in Sioux Falls, S.D., in late 2008. Garson is an outspoken promoter of the future of printed newspapers in the digital age. Under him, the paper began keeping occasional major stories or sports columns off its website and promoting them as print exclusives. Most of these have run on Sundays; in July 2009, Garson announced that the paper's Sunday home-delivery circulation was up 0.5 percent over the previous year.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
==Awards==
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|-
| 1976 || [[Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography|Feature Photography]] || ''The Courier-Journal'' and ''The Louisville Times'' ||
For photo coverage of court-ordered [[
|-
| 1978 || Local General or Spot News Reporting || Rich Whitt || For his coverage and three months of investigation of the disastrous May 28, 1977, fire at the [[Beverly Hills Supper Club]], [[Southgate, Kentucky]] in [[Campbell County, Kentucky|Campbell County]]
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|Breaking News Reporting
|''The Courier-Journal''
|For coverage of outgoing Kentucky Gov. [[Matt Bevin]]'s hundreds of pardons.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Here are the winners of the 2020 Pulitzer Prizes|url=https://www.poynter.org/reporting-editing/2020/here-are-the-winners-of-the-2020-pulitzer-prizes/|date=May 4, 2020
|}
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<!-- Please only add staff not already mentioned in the article -->
* [[Herbert Agar]], ''Courier-Journal'' editor
* [[Anne Braden|Anne]] and [[Carl Braden|Carl]] Braden, ''Courier-Journal'' reporters and civil rights activists
* [[Adele Brandeis]], ''Courier-Journal'' writer and arts administrator
* [[Samuel C. Brightman]], ''Courier-Journal'' reporter and Washington correspondent
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* [[Alan Levy]], ''Courier-Journal'' reporter
* [[Ronni Lundy]], ''Courier-Journal'' and ''Louisville Times'' pop music editor
* [[Paul Plaschke]], ''Courier-Journal'' and ''Louisville Times'' cartoonist<ref>{{cite book |last=Perry |first=Candace K. |editor-first=John E. |editor-last=Kleber |year=2001 |title=The Encyclopedia of Louisville |chapter=Plaschke, Paul A. |page=708 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |location=[[Lexington, Kentucky]] |isbn=0-8131-2100-0 |oclc=247857447 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pXbYITw4ZesC}}</ref>
* [[Priscilla Robertson]], ''Courier-Journal'' literary editor
* [[Harvey Magee Watterson]], ''Courier-Journal'' editorial staff, father of the paper's founder
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* {{cite book|title=The Press of Kentucky: 1787–1994|year=1994|author=Donald B. Towles|publisher=Kentucky Press Association|asin=B0006P81OQ}}
* {{cite book|title=Memoirs: 50 Years at the Courier-Journal and other places|author=John Ed Pearce|year=1997|publisher=Sulgrave Press|isbn=1-891138-01-4}}
* {{cite book|title=The Patriarch: The Rise and Fall of the Bingham Dynasty|year=1991|author=Susan E. Tifft and [[
==External links==
{{Commons category|The Courier-Journal}}
* {{official website|https://www.courier-journal.com/}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061022100202/http://www.gannett.com/about/map/ataglance/louisvi.htm Gannett subsidiary profile of ''The Courier-Journal''] (archived from November 26, 2018)
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Courier-Journal, The}}
[[Category:Courier Journal| ]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Pulitzer Prize-winning newspapers]]
[[Category:1868 establishments in Kentucky]]
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