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{{Short description|Auction house, commercial art gallery, numismatics}}
{{advert|date=October 2023}}
{{Use British English|date=July 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
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| type = [[Private Limited company|Private]]
| traded_as =
| founded = {{start date and age|1666}}
| founder = John Spink
| location_city =
| location_country =
| location = [[London]],
| locations =
| area_served =
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==History==
John Spink founded a [[goldsmith]]'s and [[pawnbroker]]'s business near [[Lombard Street, London|Lombard Street]], London, in 1666.<ref name="hist">[https://www.spink.com/about/spink-today Our History.] Spink & Son. Retrieved 10 July 2020.</ref> The [[Great Fire of London]] caused a temporary relocation before Spink returned to the rebuilt Lombard Street.
In January 1778, Marshall Spink was apprenticed to John Flude at 2 [[Gracechurch Street]] where they brokered pledges of jewellery, coins and other household furnishings.<ref name=":0" />
In April 1785, Flude presented the Dartmouth Medal to [[Dartmouth College]], [[New Hampshire]] ''"as a memento of his attachment to the United States of America and expressive of its future glory".''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=John Flude's Medal |url=https://www.dartmouth.edu/library/Library_Bulletin/Nov1991/LB-N91-Hoefnagel.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.dartmouth.edu}}</ref> At least three craftsman are determined to have worked on the medal, probably including his apprentice Marshall Spink.<ref name=":1" />
In 1793, Flude retired and left Marshall in charge of the premises at Gracechurch Street, and a second [[Pawnbroker|pawnbroking]] business in [[Windsor, Berkshire|Windsor]].<ref name=":0" />
Spink & Son are recorded as numismatic auction agents and commission bidders as early as 1818. They were retailers of commemorative medals by March 1826.<ref name=":0" />
By the 1830s, Spink was dealing in art, porcelain and bronze sculptures.<ref name=":0" /> Spink would be commissioned to produce a presentation wooden casket to contain the [[Freedom of the City of London]] for [[David Livingstone|Dr David Livingstone]] in 1857.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Collaborating Institutions {{!}} Livingstone Online |url=https://livingstoneonline.org/behind-the-scenes/collaborating-institutions |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=livingstoneonline.org |language=en}}</ref> [[File:Spink (6264126151).jpg|thumbnail|Spink offices in Southampton Row
The 20th Century saw the firm's relocation to [[Christie's|King Street]] and close partnership with [[Christie's]] auction house, who would eventually acquire the firm in 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1993-04-21 |title=Spink is sold to Christies: Art market fears potential conflicts of |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/spink-is-sold-to-christies-art-market-fears-potential-conflicts-of-interest-following-purchase-of-auction-house-1456736.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> Global expansion continued with new offices opening in [[New York City|New York]] in June 1981<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reif |first=Rita |date=1981-08-02 |title=ANTIQUES; A NEW SOURCE FOR COINS AND MEDALS |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/02/arts/antiques-a-new-source-for-coins-and-medals.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and [[Melbourne]], Australia in October 1981.<ref name=":0" />
==Publishing==
In 1996, Spink took over the entire publishing division of B.A. Seaby Ltd.,<ref name="Seaby">{{Cite web |author= |url=https://www.spink.com/media/view?id=19 |title=Coins of England & the United Kingdom
Spink is well known for its annual ''[[Standard Catalogue of British Coins]]'' price guide and handbook, also part of the Seaby acquisition and founded in 1929. Already in 1962 it had been split in two parts, ''I. England and United Kingdom'' and ''II. Coins of Scotland, Ireland and the Islands'', in annual editions and with black and white photos of the coins, and in 2007 it was converted to colour printing with newly-taken coin photographs.<ref name="Seaby"/> Later on, Volume I. was split further into ''Coins of England & the United Kingdom, Pre-Decimal Issues'' (
In April 2024, the Spink's "Coins of England & the United Kingdom, Pre-Decimal Issues", "Coins of England & the United Kingdom, Decimal Issues" and "Coins of Scotland, Ireland and the Islands, including Anglo-Gallic Coins", were acquired by Sovereign Rarities Ltd. The acquisition by Sovereign Rarities Ltd will see the next edition for 2025 produced under their branding for the first time. <ref>{{Cite web |title=E-Sylum v27n16, April 21, 2024 |url=https://www.coinbooks.org/v27/club_nbs_esylum_v27n16.html#article2 |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=www.coinbooks.org}}</ref>
== Auctions ==
The first recorded auction held by the company was undertaken by Marshall Spink at the Red Lion Inn in [[Staines-upon-Thames|Staines]], [[Middlesex]] on 20 March 1792.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Edmund |first=Gregory |date=6 October 2021 |title=Pawnbroking and Spink History |url=https://storage.spink.com/source/Insider/Insider40.pdf |journal=Spink Insider |volume=40 |issue=Autumn 2021 |pages=
▲The first recorded auction held by the company was undertaken by Marshall Spink at the Red Lion Inn in [[Staines-upon-Thames|Staines]], [[Middlesex]] on 20 March 1792.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Edmund |first=Gregory |date=6 October 2021 |title=Pawnbroking and Spink History |url=https://storage.spink.com/source/Insider/Insider40.pdf |journal=Spink Insider |volume=40 |issue=Autumn 2021 |pages=77-79 |via=Spink}}</ref>
The principal business remained [[Pawnbroker|pawnbroking]] and sales were soon outsourced to other companies in the first half of the 19th Century.<ref name=":0" />
Soon after William John Webster, Inspector to the Royal Mint and [[Leonard Forrer]] joined the firm, Spink created a fixed price periodical for the sale of collectable coins.<ref name=":0" /> The ''Numismatic Circular'' was issued monthly from December 1892 until January 2014, when it was discontinued in favour of a quarterly auction format for selling coins. It was "the oldest continually published coin and medal catalogue".<ref name="hist" />
Webster provided cataloguing expertise to [[Sotheby's]] and [[Bonhams|Glendining]] auctions in the 20th Century before auctioneering returned in house in 1978.<ref name=":0" /> Spink holds numerous auction records across [[numismatics]], [[philately]] and [[phaleristics]] including:
* [[Nectanebo II]] [[Egyptian gold stater|Gold Stater]] sold for £206,000 on 3 April 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spink - Auction 23004 Lot 634 |url=https://www.numisbids.com/n.php?p=lot&sid=6671&lot=634 |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.numisbids.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=CoinNews.net |date=2023-03-31 |title=Ancient Coins from Egypt, Rome & Great Britain in Spink Sale |url=https://www.coinnews.net/2023/03/31/spink-offering-ngc-certified-ancient-gold-coins-from-egypt-rome-and-great-britain/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[
* [[
* [[
* [[
* [[
* [[Elizabeth I]] 'Distress Relieved' Gold Medallet by [[Nicholas Hilliard]] sold for £480,000 on 28 September 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hird's Elizabethan treasures set house record for Spink's coin department {{!}} Antiques Trade Gazette |url=https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/print-edition/2022/february/2530/special-report/hird-s-elizabethan-treasures-set-house-record-for-spinks-coin-department/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.antiquestradegazette.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Hird Collection reaches $3.8 Million for 52 lots of British Gold |language=en |work=Numismatic News |url=https://www.numismaticnews.net/world-coins/hird-collection-reaches-3-8-million-for-52-lots-of-british-gold |access-date=2023-09-23}}</ref>
* [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] 'Reddite' [[Petition Crown|Crown]], 1663 sold for £396,000 on 26 March 2014<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spink Sets New World Record for a English Silver Coin |url=https://spink.com/media/view?id=140 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=spink.com}}</ref>▼
* [[
*
* The [[
* [[George III]] [[Five pounds (British gold coin)|Pattern Five Pounds]], 1820 sold for £360,000 on 14 May 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spink - Auction 15031 Lot 411 |url=https://www.numisbids.com/n.php?p=lot&sid=1096&lot=411 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.numisbids.com}}</ref>
* [[William IV]] [[Five pounds (gold coin)|Pattern Five Pounds]], 1831 sold for £444,000 on 14 December 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spink Offers Seldom-Seen British Gold Crown Certified by NGC {{!}} NGC |url=https://www.ngccoin.uk/news/article/12411/wyon-british-crown/ |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=www.ngccoin.uk}}</ref>
==== Medals ====▼
▲* [[
* [[Edward VIII]] Pattern [[History of the British penny (1901–1970)|Penny]], 1937 sold for £133,000 on 24 September 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NGC-certified British Pattern Penny Realizes $166,000 at Spink Auction {{!}} NGC |url=https://www.ngccoin.uk/news/article/7756/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.ngccoin.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=63 - Edward VIII (January-December 1936), pattern proof Penny, 1937,... |url=https://spink.com/lot/19040000063 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=spink.com}}</ref>
* [[Squadron leader|Squadron Leader]] [[Arthur Scarf|Arthur 'Pongo' Scarf]] [[Victoria Cross|VC]], group of five medals, sold for £660,000 on 27 April 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=601 - Sold by Order of a Direct Descendant 'The most striking thing a... |url=https://www.spink.com/lot/22001000601 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
* [[Flight lieutenant|Flight Lieutenant]] [[William Reid (VC)|William Reid]] [[Victoria Cross|VC]], group of six medals, sold for £348,000 on 19 November 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Departments |url=https://www.spink.com/department/7#:~:text=We%20also%20hold%20the%20current,%C2%A3120,000)%20sold%20at%20auction. |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
* Sir [[Thomas Ussher]] [[Royal Guelphic Order|KCH]], five-clasp [[Naval General Service Medal (1847)|naval general service medal]] sold for £138,000 on 25 July 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Medals of Sir Thomas Ussher Break World Record at Spink |url=https://spink.com/media/view?id=92 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=spink.com}}</ref>
* [[Wing commander|Wing Commander]] [[Bob Doe|R F T 'Bob' Doe]] [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]], [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|DFC]]*, group of nine medals, sold for £222,000 on 25 November 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spink to Sell D.S.O., D.F.C. and Bar Group to Battle of Britain Hero Wing Commander R.F.T. 'Bob' Doe, Royal Air Force |url=https://www.spink.com/media/view?id=14 |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
* [[Wing commander|Wing Commander]] [[John Cunningham (RAF officer)|John 'Cats Eyes' Cunningham]] [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire|CBE]], [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]][[Medal bar|**]], [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|DFC]][[Medal bar|*]], [[Air Efficiency Award|AE]], group of seven medals, sold for £384,000 on 6 September 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MEDALS AWARDED TO AVIATION LEGEND JOHN
* [[Captain]] [[William Howard Livens]] [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]] [[Military Cross|MC]] group of five medals, sold for £14,400 on 24 July 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=486 - Sold by Order of the Recipient’s Daughter ‘Livens was the typic... |url=https://www.spink.com/lot/18002000486 |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
[[File:Spink staff at autumn Stampex 2015.jpg|thumbnail|Spink staff at autumn [[Stampex]] 2015|265x265px]]▼
* [[Rupert Brooke|Rupert Chawner Brooke]] [[Memorial Plaque (medallion)|memorial death plaque]], sold for £25,200 on 25 November 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=59 - 'Rupert Brooke is dead. A telegram from the Admiral at Lemnos te... |url=https://www.spink.com/lot/23003000059 |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
==== Stamps ====▼
* [[Flight lieutenant|Flt Lt]] Edward "Johnnie" Johnson [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|DFC]] group of five medals, sold for £126,000 on 25 November 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-02 |title=Dambusters raid airman's gallantry medal sells for £105k |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-lancashire-67592104 |access-date=2023-12-20}}</ref>
▲[[File:Spink staff at autumn Stampex 2015.jpg|thumbnail|Spink staff at autumn [[Stampex]] 2015
* "
* "[[Inverted Jenny]]" 24¢ Curtiss Airmail Centreline block of four, sold for $1,740,000 on 27 September 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jenny Invert centerline block sells for $1.74 million |url=https://www.linns.com/news/us-stamps-postal-history/jenny-invert-centerline-block-sells-for-$1.74-million |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Linns Stamp News |language=en}}</ref>
* Queen Victoria 96c "olive-bistre" block-of-four, sold for HK$6.4million on 17 January 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |last4= |last5= |last6= |first6= |title=Auction - Four rare Queen Victoria stamps achieved HK$6.4 million |url=https://www.luxartasia.com/2011/01/auction-four-rare-queen-victoria-stamp.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cheng |first=Kris |date=2016-01-08 |title=Hong Kong's 'most important' stamp could sell for HK$8m in local auction |url=http://hongkongfp.com/2016/01/08/hong-kongs-most-important-stamp-could-sell-for-hk8m-in-local-auction/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Hong Kong Free Press HKFP |language=en-GB}}</ref> * The "Chartwell" Collection formed by [[Humphrey Cripps|Sir Humphrey Cripps]], and dubbed the ''"most valuable stamp collection offered in modern times"'', sold between June 2011 and December 2012 for over £18.5million<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Chartwell Collection |url=https://www.spink.com/media/view?id=42 |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
=== Banknotes ===
* [[China]] "Ooi-Long" [[Yuan (currency)|1 Yuan]] sold for HK$990,000 on 24 January 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Achievements at Auction |url=https://www.spink.com/about/spink-today#:~:text=Spink%20set%20a%20new%20world,%22Ooi-Long%20note%22. |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
* [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]] Currency Board 100 Pounds, 1927 sold for £140,000 on 28 April 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |last=May |first=Melanie |date=2022-05-24 |title=Rare banknote raises £140,000 for Oxfam |url=https://fundraising.co.uk/2022/05/24/rare-banknote-raises-140000-for-oxfam/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=UK Fundraising |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Zanzibar]] 500 Rupees, 1920 sold for $288,000 on 14 January 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Group of Seven PMG-certified Zanzibar Notes Realizes Over $850,000 in Spink Sale {{!}} PMG |url=https://www.pmgnotes.com/news/article/9802/pmg-certified-zanzibar-notes-realize-six-figures-in-spink-sale/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.pmgnotes.com}}</ref>
Since January 2003,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noteworthy charity bash |url=https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/news/2003/noteworthy-charity-bash/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.antiquestradegazette.com}}</ref> Spink has partnered with the [[Bank of England]] to offer [[Serial number|low serial number banknotes]] and raise money for charity when new designs are issued.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-09-28 |title=The £50 note that's worth £820 |url=https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/50-note-thats-worth-820-115154045.html |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=Yahoo Finance |language=en-GB}}</ref> In November 2022, it was announced that the [[NatWest|NatWest Group]] were offering their own paper money archives to raise funds for the [[Trussell Trust]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Natwest Group Charity Auction - Part I |url=https://www.spink.com/auction/22222 |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.spink.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Note Bid to Help with Cost of Living {{!}} NatWest Group |url=https://www.natwestgroup.com/news-and-insights/news-room/press-releases/community-and-culture/2022/nov/note-bid-to-help-with-cost-of-living.html |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.natwestgroup.com |language=en}}</ref>
== Covid-19 ==
Following [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Boris Johnson]]'s announcement of lockdown measures in the United Kingdom on [[23 March 2020 Downing Street address|23 March 2020]], Spink was the first [[Numismatics|numismatic]] auctioneer in the world to pioneer a successful 'hybrid' sale where every bidder participated virtually.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schooling |first=Annabel |date=2020-05-21 |title=Spink Behind Closed Doors |url=https://insider.spink.com/2020/05/21/spink-behind-closed-doors/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=INSIDER |language=en-GB}}</ref>
In July 2020, it was announced that Spink had remounted the campaign medals of [[Captain Tom Moore|Captain Sir Thomas Moore]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schooling |first=Annabel |date=2020-05-21 |title=Heroes of THE Covid-19 CRISIS |url=https://insider.spink.com/2020/05/21/heroes-of-the-covid-19-crisis/ |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=INSIDER |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Auction house Spink helps Captain Sir Thomas Moore remount medal collection |url=https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/news/2020/auction-house-spink-helps-captain-sir-thomas-moore-remount-medal-collection/ |access-date=2023-09-25 |website=www.antiquestradegazette.com}}</ref>
In 2022, the [[Antiques Trade Gazette]] announced that Spink was the leading auction firm in London for coins and medals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spink tops coins and medals table {{!}} Antiques Trade Gazette |url=https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/print-edition/2023/february/2580/news/spink-tops-coins-and-medals-table/#:~:text=The%20record%20business%20enjoyed%20by,lockdowns%20largely%20continued%20last%20year.&text=Spink's%20sale%20of%20World%20Banknotes,a%201979%201000%20Riyals%20note. |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=www.antiquestradegazette.com}}</ref>
== Khmer antiquities probe==
In 2021,
== Staff ==
Over several centuries, many notable [[numismatist]]s and auction specialists have worked at Spink, including:
* William John Webster (1848–1919), Inspector of Coin for the [[Royal Mint]], who joined the firm on 24 July 1893 until his death.
* [[Leonard Forrer]] (1869–1953), who created the Numismatic Circular, and edited it until his retirement in 1952.
* Leonard Steyning Forrer (1895–1968), son of Leonard and author of ''The Art of Collecting Coins'' (1955), who became an independent dealer in 1945.
* William Charles Weight (1859–1923), who left the firm to become an independent dealer in 1908.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Collections Online {{!}} British Museum |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG100826 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.britishmuseum.org}}</ref>
* [[Herbert Allen Seaby]] (1898–1979), who left the firm in 1926 to found rival Seaby's.
* Howard Linecar (1912–1985), author of numismatic publications who worked at the firm between 1935 and 1978.
* Douglas Gerard Liddell (1919–2003), who joined the firm in 1946 and worked until his retirement in 1987.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reif |first=Rita |date=1981-08-02 |title=ANTIQUES; A NEW SOURCE FOR COINS AND MEDALS |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/02/arts/antiques-a-new-source-for-coins-and-medals.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* Patrick Finn (1942–2000), who was Director of Numismatics until Spink was acquired by [[Christie's]] in 1993.
* Anthony Spink (1939–2019), Chairman, and last member of the original Spink family to work at the firm.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview with Anthony Spink |url=https://www.spink.com/media/view?id=531 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.spink.com}}</ref>
== References ==
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[[Category:British royal warrant holders]]
[[Category:1666 establishments in England]]
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