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In 2018, in addition to soy, the country had a large production of [[maize]] and [[sugar cane]], where it positioned itself as the 21st largest producer in the world; other important cultures of the country are [[cassava]], [[rice]], [[wheat]], [[Orange (fruit)|orange]], [[yerba mate]], and [[sorghum]]. In livestock, Paraguay produced, in 2020, 481 thousand tons of beef, being the 26th largest producer in the world.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL/| title = Paraguay production in 2018, by FAO| access-date = 11 July 2022| archive-date = 12 November 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161112130804/http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL/| url-status = live}}</ref>
Soy farming was largely introduced by Brazilians: in 2019, almost 70% of soy and rice producers in Paraguay were people from Brazil, or descendants of Brazilians (the so-called brasiguaios). The first Brazilian producers began to arrive in the country in the 1980s. Before the Brazilian influx, much of the land in Paraguay was uncultivated.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brasileños protagonizan conflictos de tierras en el Paraguay |language=es |trans-title=Brazilians lead land conflicts in Paraguay |date=12 November 2017 |series=Latifundistas × Campesinos |website=deolhonosruralistas.com.br |url=https://deolhonosruralistas.com.br/deolhonoparaguai/2017/11/12/brasilenos-protagonizan-conflictos-de-tierras-en-el-paraguay/ |access-date=30 July 2020 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201919/https://deolhonosruralistas.com.br/deolhonoparaguai/2017/11/12/brasilenos-protagonizan-conflictos-de-tierras-en-el-paraguay/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Carneri |first1=Santi |date=28 January 2019 |title=Una comunidad indígena denuncia el desalojo de sus tierras en Paraguay por pistoleros brasileños |language=es |trans-title=An indigenous community denounces the eviction of their lands in Paraguay by Brazilian gunmen |newspaper=[[El País]] |url=https://elpais.com/internacional/2019/01/24/america/1548358447_334189.html |access-date=30 July 2020 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201917/https://elpais.com/internacional/2019/01/24/america/1548358447_334189.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Brasileña que prohíbe uso del guaraní en su estancia será investigada por el Ministerio de Trabajo |language=es |trans-title=Brazilian farmer who bans the use of Guarani in her estate will be investigated by the Ministry of Labour |website=El Nacional Paraguay |date=2 March 2021 |url=https://www.elnacional.com.py/nacionales/2021/03/01/brasilena-que-prohibe-uso-del-guarani-en-su-estancia-sera-investigada-por-el-ministerio-de-trabajo/#:~:text=Brasile%C3%B1a%20habr%C3%ADa%20amenazado%20a%20sus,de%20Curuguaty%2C%20Departamento%20de%20Canindey%C3%BA%20. |access-date=30 March 2021 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201919/https://www.elnacional.com.py/nacionales/2021/03/01/brasilena-que-prohibe-uso-del-guarani-en-su-estancia-sera-investigada-por-el-ministerio-de-trabajo/#:~:text=Brasile%C3%B1a%20habr%C3%ADa%20amenazado%20a%20sus,de%20Curuguaty%2C%20Departamento%20de%20Canindey%C3%BA%20. |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Paraguay: Comunidad indígena amenazada por desalojo ilegal y atacada con pesticidas |language=es |trans-title=Paraguay: Indigenous community threatened with illegal eviction and attacked with pesticides |date=11 November 2009 |website=[[Amnesty International]] |url=https://www.amnesty.org/es/latest/press-release/2009/11/paraguay-indigenas-amenazados-atacados-con-pesticidas-20091111/ |access-date=30 May 2018 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201921/https://www.amnesty.org/es/latest/press-release/2009/11/paraguay-indigenas-amenazados-atacados-con-pesticidas-20091111/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Green going gone: The tragic deforestation of the Chaco |date=28 July 2014 |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/green-going-gone-the-tragic-deforestation-of-the-chaco-116951/ |access-date=28 July 2014 |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201917/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/green-going-gone-the-tragic-deforestation-of-the-chaco-116951/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Paraguay: Sanción por talar bosques indígenas |language=Guarani |trans-title=Paraguay: Penalty for cutting down indigenous forests |date=11 May 2010 |website=BBC News Mundo |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |access-date=11 May 2010 |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/america_latina/2010/05/100511_paraguay_indigenas_ganaderos_ea |archive-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122201921/https://www.bbc.com/mundo/america_latina/2010/05/100511_paraguay_indigenas_ganaderos_ea |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Brasiguaios dominam produção de soja e arroz no Paraguai|url=https://globorural.globo.com/Noticias/Agricultura/noticia/2019/03/brasiguaios-dominam-producao-de-soja-e-arroz-no-paraguai.html|access-date=8 February 2023|website=Revista Globo Rural|date=23 August 2022|language=pt-br|archive-date=26 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726011522/https://globorural.globo.com/Noticias/Agricultura/noticia/2019/03/brasiguaios-dominam-producao-de-soja-e-arroz-no-paraguai.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
More than 80% of the cultivable land is owned by 2.6% of landowners. Nearly 8 million hectares were illegally granted, in violation of the agrarian law, to regime supporters during the dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner (1954–1989), and the state has done nothing since to identify the beneficiaries of this illicit enrichment. These owners include generals, businessmen, and politicians, former presidents of the Republic, Nicaraguan dictator [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]], and even the ruling [[Colorado Party (Paraguay)|Colorado Party]]. More than 130 peasant leaders have been assassinated since the fall of Stroessner in 1989.<ref name=":0">Paraguay, un país devorado por la soja, enero de 2014</ref>
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* {{cite web |title=Key development forecasts for Paraguay |website=[[International Futures]] (ifs.du.edu) |publisher=[[University of Denver]] |location=Denver, CO |url=http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=PY}}
* {{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Paraguay |volume=20 |pages=756–759 |short=1}} (includes commerce data for the early 20th century)
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