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| subdivision_name = <!--This article is only about the administrative division of Ukraine-->[[Ukraine]]<!--For information on the breakaway state controlling the same territory, see Luhansk People's Republic-->
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'''Luhansk Oblast''' ({{lang-uk|Луганська область|translit=Luhanska oblast|link=no}}; {{lang-ru|Луганская область|Luganskaya oblast}}), also referred to as '''Luhanshchyna''' ({{lang-uk|Луга́нщина|label=none}}), is the easternmost [[Administrative divisions of Ukraine|oblast]] (province) of [[Ukraine]]. Its administrative center is the city of [[Luhansk]]. The oblast was established in 1938 and bore the name ''Voroshilovgrad Oblast'' until 1958 and again from 1970 to 1991.<ref>[http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/aws/show/1213а-12 Про внесення змін і доповнень до Конституції (Основного Закону) Української РСР | від 19.06.1991 № 1213а-XII]</ref> It has a population of {{Ua-pop-est2022|2,102,921|.}}▼
▲'''Luhansk Oblast''' ({{lang-uk|Луганська область|translit=Luhanska oblast
Important cities in Luhansk Oblast include [[Alchevsk]], [[Antratsyt]], [[Brianka]], [[Kadiivka]], [[Kirovsk, Luhansk Oblast|Kirovsk]], [[Krasnodon]], [[Khrustalnyi]], Luhansk, [[Lysychansk]], [[Pervomaisk, Luhansk Oblast|Pervomaisk]], [[Rovenky]], [[Rubizhne]], [[Sievierodonetsk]] and [[Sverdlovsk, Luhansk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]]. All of the oblast is in the [[Donbas]] region. ▼
▲Important cities in Luhansk Oblast include [[Alchevsk]], [[Antratsyt]], [[Brianka]], [[Kadiivka]], [[Kirovsk, Luhansk Oblast|Kirovsk]], [[Krasnodon]], [[Khrustalnyi]], Luhansk, [[Lysychansk]], [[Pervomaisk, Luhansk Oblast|Pervomaisk]], [[Rovenky]], [[Rubizhne]], [[Sievierodonetsk]] and [[Sverdlovsk,
In 2014, large parts of the oblast, including the capital Luhansk, came under the control of Russian-backed separatists who declared the [[Luhansk People's Republic]], leading to a [[War in Donbas (2014–2022)|war against Ukrainian government forces]]. Since the 2022 [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the oblast has come almost entirely under Russian occupation and has been the scene of [[Luhansk Oblast campaign|heavy fighting]], which continues in some places. In late September 2022, Russia declared the [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexation of the entire oblast, along with three others]], though the annexation remains internationally unrecognized. As of January 2023, Ukraine is in control of 6–7% of the region, including a few settlements, such as [[Bilohorivka, Luhansk Oblast|Bilohorivka]], [[Zolotarivka, Luhansk Oblast|Zolotarivka]], [[Chervonopopivka]], [[Makiivka, Luhansk Oblast|Makiivka]] and the outskirts of [[Kreminna]] in the west. These areas continue to see active conflict.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russia-Ukraine war live: Ukrainian forces reportedly take control of Piatykhatky – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/jun/18/russia-ukraine-war-live-ukraine-destroys-russian-ammunition-depot-in-kherson-says-odesa-official |access-date=18 June 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=18 June 2023 }}</ref>▼
▲In 2014, large parts of the oblast, including the capital Luhansk, came under the control of Russian-backed separatists who declared the [[Luhansk People's Republic]], leading to a [[War in Donbas (2014–2022)|war against Ukrainian government forces]]. Since the 2022 [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the oblast has come almost entirely under Russian occupation and has been the scene of [[Luhansk Oblast campaign|heavy fighting]], which continues in some places. In late September 2022, Russia declared the [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexation of the entire oblast, along with three others]], though the annexation remains internationally unrecognized. As of
==Geography==
[[File:Lugansk province physical map.svg|thumb|left|upright|A topographic map of the oblast]]
Luhansk Oblast is in far [[eastern Ukraine]]. Its north–south length is 250 km, and east–west width 190 km. It covers an area of 26,700 km<sup>2</sup>, 4.42% of the total area of Ukraine.
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==History==
{{recentism|date=January 2023}}
=== Soviet Ukraine (1938–1991) ===
{{See also|Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic}}[[File:Don Cossacks monument Luhansk.JPG|thumb|A monument to [[Don Cossacks]] in Luhansk. "To the sons of glory and freedom", 2012]]
The oblast originated in 1938 as Voroshylovhrad (Russian: Voroshilovgrad) Oblast ({{Lang-uk|Ворошиловградська область|translit=Voroshylovhradska oblast}}) after the Donetsk Oblast was split between Voroshylovhrad and Stalino (today [[Donetsk Oblast]]) oblasts. Following the [[Soviet invasion of Poland]], [[Starobilsk]] was the location of a prisoner of war camp for Poles, who were then massacred in the [[Katyn massacre]] in 1940. After the invasion by [[Nazi Germany]] in 1941, the region came under a German military administration, due to its proximity to frontlines. It was occupied at the end of 1942 as part of [[Case Blue]] German offensive directed towards [[Volgograd|Stalingrad]].
Soon after the [[battle of Stalingrad]], the Luhansk (at that time Voroshilovgrad in honor of [[Kliment Voroshilov]]) region again became the center of military operations during the Soviet counter-offensive [[operation Little Saturn]] in the spring of 1943. In the summer of 1943, the region was liberated from the Nazi Germany Armed Forces. During the Soviet era, the Oblast bore its current name between 1958 and 1970.
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During the mid-2022 [[Battle of Donbas (2022)|battle of Donbas]], Russian troops attacked and eventually captured the cities of [[Sievierodonetsk|Sieverodonetsk]] and [[Lysychansk]] during May and June 2022 in two of the most significant and most intense battles of the [[Eastern Ukraine offensive]]. By 3 July 2022, Russian and allied troops controlled all cities in the oblast.{{cn|date=September 2023}} On 4–5 July 2022, during the international [[Ukraine Recovery Conference]] (URC 2022) in [[Lugano]], Finland, [[Sweden–Ukraine relations|Sweden]], and the Czech Republic pledged to support the postwar rebuilding of the Luhansk region.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Провідні країни Європи відбудовуватимуть Україну, – Гайдай |url=https://lb.ua/economics/2022/07/05/522198_providni_kraini_ievropi.html |access-date=2022-07-11 |website=LB.ua|date=5 July 2022 }}</ref> On 11 September 2022, there were unconfirmed reports that [[Bilohorivka, Luhansk Oblast|Bilohorivka]] near Lysychansk, was recaptured. On 19 September 2022, [[Ukrainian Armed Forces|Ukrainian forces]] confirmed this.{{cn|date=September 2023}}
In late September 2022, an [[2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine|annexation referendum]] was held in Luhansk on joining the Russian Federation, although Ukraine along with the United Nations and most observers declared the referendum to be illegitimate and fraudulent.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 September 2022 |title=So-called referenda in Russian-controlled Ukraine 'cannot be regarded as legal': UN political affairs chief |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/09/1128161}}</ref> Following the staged victory in the voting, the region and the so-called Luhansk People's Republic [[Annexation of Southern and Eastern Ukraine|were absorbed]] into Russia.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Trevelyan |first1=Mark |date=30 September 2022 |title=Putin signs treaties to annex Ukrainian lands |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/putin-declare-annexation-ukrainian-lands-major-escalation-war-2022-09-29/ |access-date=2022-09-30}}</ref> The [[United Nations General Assembly]] subsequently passed a [[United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/4|resolution]] calling on countries not to recognise what it described as an "attempted illegal annexation" and demanded that Russia "immediately, completely and unconditionally withdraw".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukraine: UN General Assembly demands Russia reverse course on 'attempted illegal annexation' |date=12 October 2022 |url=https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/10/1129492}}</ref>
{{As of|2022|10|05}}, nearly all of the oblast is occupied by Russia, which claims the oblast as the [[Luhansk People's Republic]] (LPR), a self-declared state turned Russian federal subject. The [[War in Donbas (2014–2022)|war in Donbas]] and the subsequent 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine saw heavy fighting in the oblast, with [[Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)|Sievierodonetsk captured in June]] by Russian and LPR forces<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukraine-forces-ordered-withdraw-key-battleground-city-2022-06-25/ |title=Sievierodonetsk falls to Russia after one of war's bloodiest fights|first1=Tom|last1=Balmforth|first2=Marko|last2=Djurica|work=Reuters|date=25 June 2022|access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> after an assault lasting several weeks,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukrainian troops told to leave Severodonetsk: governor |url=https://polskieradio.pl/art9766_2986846 |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=PolskieRadio.pl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Ukrainians Retreat From Key Areas Of Eastern Region As Fighting Enters Fifth Month |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukrainians-leave-severodonetsk-fighting-luhansk/31913067.html |access-date=2022-06-24 |newspaper=Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty |language=en}}</ref> and the oblast's last major settlement under Ukrainian control, Lysychansk, captured by Russian and Russia-backed forces on 2 July.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute for the Study of War |url=http://dev-isw.bivings.com/ |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=Institute for the Study of War |language=en |archive-date=25 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325065358/https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-march-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The next day, [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Russia's Minister of Defence]] announced that the entire territory of the oblast had been "liberated",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/zelenskiy-adviser-concedes-key-bastion-could-fall-eastern-ukraine-2022-07-03/ |title=Zelenskiy vows to regain Lysychansk after Ukrainian withdrawal|first1=Tom|last1=Balmforth|first2=Max|last2=Hunder|work=[[Reuters]]|date=3 July 2022 |access-date=2022-07-04}}</ref> but three weeks later the governor of the oblast reported heavy fighting was still ongoing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roshchina |first=Olena |date=25 July 2022 |title=Russian forces attempt to advance to Luhansk Oblasts administrative borders from 3 directions but retreated |url=https://news.yahoo.com/russian-forces-attempt-advance-luhansk-052633642.html |access-date=2022-07-26 |website=news.yahoo.com |language=en-US}}</ref> On 4 September, Ukrainian forces launched a [[2022 Ukrainian Kharkiv counteroffensive|counteroffensive in eastern Ukraine]] and recaptured small parts of [[Donetsk Oblast]] and, on 1 October, [[Second Battle of Lyman (2022)|Lyman]]. Ukrainian forces also pushed through the stalemate at the Luhansk Oblast border and, most notably, recaptured Bilohirivka while engaging LPR forces in Lysychansk. Since then, there has been continued fighting in the western parts of the region in a renewed [[Luhansk Oblast campaign]].{{cn|date=September 2023}}
==Administrative subdivisions==
{{update section|date=April 2023}}
{{main|Administrative divisions of Luhansk Oblast}}
!Map!!No.!!Name in English!!Name in Ukrainian!!Romanization!!{{abbr|Admin. centre|Administrative centre}}
▲{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
|rowspan=8 align=left|'''<div style="position: relative;">[[File:Lugansk Oblast location map.svg|350px]]{{Image label|x=0.235|y=0.295|text=[[Svatove Raion|1]]}}{{Image label|x=0.545|y=0.440|text=[[Starobilsk Raion|2]]}}{{Image label|x=0.225|y=0.635|text=[[Sievierodonetsk Raion|3]]}}{{Image label|x=0.510|y=0.665|text=[[Shchastia Raion|4]]}}{{Image label|x=0.335|y=0.865|text=[[Alchevsk Raion|5]]}}{{Image label|x=0.535|y=0.920|text=[[Luhansk Raion|6]]}}{{Image label|x=0.450|y=1.075|text=[[Rovenky Raion|7]]}}{{Image label|x=0.655|y=1.075|text=[[Dovzhansk Raion|8]]}}</div>'''
|1||[[Svatove Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Сватівський район}}||Svativskyi raion||[[Svatove]]
|-
|
|-
|3||[[Sievierodonetsk Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Сєвєродонецький район}}||Sievierodonetskyi raion||[[Sievierodonetsk]]
|-
|4||[[Shchastia Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Щастинський район}}||Shchastynskyi raion||{{unbulleted list|[[Shchastia]] (''de jure'')|[[Novoaidar]] (''de facto'')}}
|-
|5||[[Alchevsk Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Алчевський район}}||Alchevskyi raion||[[Alchevsk]]
|-
|6||[[Luhansk Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Луганський район}}||Luhanskyi raion||[[Luhansk]]
|-
|7||[[Rovenky Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Ровеньківський район}}||Rovenkivskyi raion||[[Rovenky]]
|-
|8||[[Dovzhansk Raion]]||{{lang|uk|Довжанський район}}||Dovzhanskyi raion||[[Sverdlovsk, Luhansk Oblast|Dovzhansk]] (Sverdlovsk)
▲| [[Starobilsk Raion|Starobilsky]] || Старобільський (район) || raion ||align="right"| 1,582 ||align="right"| 57,755 ||align="right"| 47,765 || Starobilsk
|}
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==Demographics==
[[File:City Day Lisichansk.JPG|thumb|City Day in [[Lysychansk]], 2010]]
[[File:LuhanskRussianLang2001.PNG|thumb|right
{{historical populations|1970|2750566|1979|2786697|1989|2862734|2001|2546178|2011|2291271|2022|2102921|align=right|cols=1|source=<ref>{{cite web|title=Division of Ukraine|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/ukraine-division.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ukraine: Provinces and Major Cities|url=https://citypopulation.de/en/ukraine/cities/}}</ref>}}The population is largely Russian-speaking, although ethnic [[Ukrainians]] constitute a majority (58.0%). Among the minorities are native Russians (39.1%), Belarusians (0.8%), and others (1.4%). Ukrainians constitute the majority in all raions except for [[Stanytsia-Luhanska Raion]] and [[Krasnodon Raion]], both of which are east of Luhansk. Ethnic [[Russians]] also constitute the majority in regionally significant cities, such as [[Krasnodon]], [[Sverdlovsk, Luhansk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Khrustalnyi]] and [[Kadiivka]].
In the 2001 Ukrainian Census, more than 68.8% of the population considered themselves Russian speakers, while 30.0% considered themselves Ukrainian speakers. The Russophone population predominates in the southern portion of the region and around the city of Luhansk, while the northern region is less populated, mostly agricultural and Ukrainophone.
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==Education==
[[File:Vladimir Dal's house in Luhansk.jpg|thumb|Dal's house in [[Luhansk]]]]▼
* [[East Ukrainian Volodymyr Dahl National University|East Ukrainian National University]]
* [[University of Luhansk]]
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==Points of interest==
[[File:Seleznivka.jpg|thumb|Mścichowski Palace (remnants)]]▼
The following sites were nominated for the [[Seven Wonders of Ukraine]].
* [[The house of Dal's birth (Luhansk)]]
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* [[Dov Markus]] (born 1946), Israeli-American soccer player, born in Ukraine.
* [[Serhiy Zhadan]] (born 1974), writer.
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Donec near shepilovo.JPG|[[Donets|Siverskyi Donets]] near Shepilivka
File:Mist over a river in Luhansk.jpg|Luhanka River in mist
File:2010-10-22-iljenko-with-leonas 014.jpg|Landscape in the Derkulskyi
File:Syevyerodonetsk 22.jpg|Sievierodonetsk
File:MQA-VS.jpg|Dovzhenka Street in Lysychansk
File:2010-perevalsk-reserve.jpg|Perevalsk general zoological reserve
</gallery>
==See also==
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[[Category:Donbas]]
[[Category:1938 establishments in Ukraine]]
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