Kista: Difference between revisions

[[Image:Kistavictoriahotelnr1 Publish.jpg|thumb|right|[[Scandic Victoria Tower|Victoria Tower]] in Kista]]

'''Kista''' ({{IPA-sv|ˈɕiːstaˈɕǐːsta}}, meaning "Coffin") is a district in the [[StockholmDistricts Municipality|of Sweden#Stockholm|borough]] of [[Rinkeby-Kista]], [[SwedenStockholm Municipality|Stockholm]], Sweden. LocatedIt northwesthas ofa strategic position located in between Sweden's main airport, the [[Stockholm Arlanda Airport|Stockholm-Arlanda International Airport]] and central Stockholm, and alongside the main [[European route E4|national highway E4]] economic artery. Kista comprises residential and commercial areas, the latter in the highly technological [[telecommunicationtelecommunications]] and [[information technology]] industry.<ref name="OECD2013"/> There are tremendouslarge research efforts in this entire area, which therefore is dubbed [http://www.kista.com Kista Science City]. It is known as the research park of [[Royal Institute of Technology|KTH Royal Institute of Technology]].

Kista, is the largest [[Information and communications technology|Information and Communications Technology (ICT)]]) cluster in Europe ,<ref name="kista.com">{{cite web| url = http://www.kista.com| title = Hem - Kista Science City}}</ref>, isand was ranked the world´'s second largest<ref>Page 84. The Business of Global Energy Transformation: Saving Billions through Sustainable Models. Mats R. Larsson. Global Energy Transformation Institute. 2012, Palgrave Macmillan. Macmillan Publishers Limited, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, United Kingdom. https://books.google.secom/books?id=RX4x1amBi44C&lpg=PA84&dq=Global%20Transformation%20kista&hl=sv+Transformation+kista&pg=PA84#v=onepage&q=Global%20Transformation%20kista&f=false</ref> cluster after [[Silicon Valley]] in [[California,]] during the Unitedinternet boom of States2000. It is the largest corporate area in Sweden, important to the national economy<ref name="Kim2005">{{cite book|last=Kim|first=Junmo|title=Globalization and Industrial Development|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__lZdK1S4OkC&pg=PA73|date=10 July 2005|isbn=978-1-4697-2393-8|page=73}}</ref> due to the presence of, among others, [[Ericsson Group]], one of the largest corporationcorporations in Sweden.

[http://www.kista.com Kista Science City] is the location where a large portion of the research and development of the world's [[LTE (telecommunication)|4G LTE]] mobile telephony infrastructure is being developed, which is natural since this isto a European [[ETSI]] standard used worldwide and [http://www.kista.com Kista Science City] has been the largest such cluster in Europe for decades.<ref>http://www. name="kista.com<"/ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE_(telecommunication)</ref> A majority is done at [[Ericsson|Ericsson corporation]], with 100 ,000 employees worldwide, but with its research and worldwide Headquartersheadquarters in the [http://www.kista.com Kista Science City].

Kista was named after an old farm "Kista Gård", still located in the area. The construction of the modern parts were started in the 1970s.<ref name="AntonellaEmma2009">{{cite book|last1=Antonella|first1=Noya|last2=Emma|first2=Clarence|last3=Gary|first3=Craig|title=Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Community Capacity Building Creating a Better Future Together: Creating a Better Future Together|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8_TFVEFrqSsC&pg=PA119|date=7 December 2009|publisher=OECD Publishing|isbn=978-92-64-07329-6|page=119}}</ref> Most of the streets in Kista are named after towns and places in [[Denmark]], [[Iceland]], [[Greenland]], and the [[Faroe Islands]]. KistaBefore withthe opening of the [[Mall of Scandinavia]], [[Kista Galleria]] is also known aswas the biggest shopping areacenter in the [[Stockholm MunicipalityCounty|CityStockholm of Stockholmregion]].

Because of its [[Information and communication technologies|ICT]] industries, it became in the 1980s referred to as ''"Chipsta''"<ref>{{Cite orbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-dXAwAAQBAJ&q=Chipsta+kista&pg=PA120|title=Urban ''Sweden's,Innovation Systems: What makes them tick?|last1=Winden|first1=Willem van|last2=Braun|first2=Erik|last3=Otgaar|first3=Alexander|last4=Witte|first4=Jan-Jelle|date=2014-04-11|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317917458|language=en}}</ref> and, after Sweden joined the EU membershipin 1995, also as Europe´'s, "Silicon Valley'' in the 1980s".<ref name="AntonellaEmma2009"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nordichardware.se/Coverage/overclocking-at-intel.html|title=Overclocking at Intel|publisher=Nordichardware.se|accessdateaccess-date=4 February 2014}}</ref>

The construction of the industrial section of Kista began in the 1970s with companies such as SRA (Svenska Radioaktiebolaget, now a part of [[Ericsson]]), RIFA AB (later Ericsson Components AB, and later still Ericsson Microelectronics AB, and now [[Infineon Technologies]]), and IBM Svenska AB (the Swedish branch of [[International Business Machines|IBM]]). [[Ericsson]] has had its headquarters based in Kista since 2003.<ref name="Kim2005">{{cite book|last=Kim|first=Junmo|title=Globalization and Industrial Development|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=__lZdK1S4OkC&pg=PA73|date=10 July 2005|isbn=978-1-4697-2393-8|page=73}}</ref>

== Research and higher learning ==

Kista hosts entire departments of both [[Royal Institute of Technology|KTH Royal Institute of Technology]], such as [https://wireless.kth.se/about-us/about-the-center/ Wireless@KTH], and [[Stockholm University]] (formerly jointly known as "the IT University").<ref name="DesaiNijkamp2011">{{cite book|last1=[[Sameeksha Desai|Desai]]|first1=Sameeksha|last2=Nijkamp|first2=Peter|last3=Stough|first3=Roger R.|title=New Directions in Regional Economic Development: The Role of Entrepreneurship Theory and Methods, Practice and Policy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S6eY4LtrIOcC&pg=PA249|date=July 2011|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|isbn=978-0-85793-351-5|page=249|author1-link=Sameeksha Desai}}</ref>

There are also Swedish national research institutes (pure research, no students) such as the [[Swedish Institute of Computer Science]] and [[Swedish Defence Research Agency|Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI]] who has its Headquartersheadquarters there, just as [[Ericsson]], [[IBM|Swedish IBM]], and [[Tele 2]], among others has.

[[Category:Districts ofin StockholmVästerort]]