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In 1964, the [[Baltimore Colts]], [[Cleveland Browns]], [[Minnesota Vikings]] and [[Los Angeles Rams]] wore white regularly for their home games.<ref name=WAHNFL/> The [[St. Louis Cardinals (NFL)|St. Louis Cardinals]] also wore white for several of their home games. While most teams switched back to their coloured uniforms the next year, the Rams and Browns still regularly wore white until the 1970s.
Until 1964, the [[Dallas Cowboys]] had worn blue at home, but it was not an official rule that teams should wear their official colours at home. The use of white jerseys was introduced by general manager (GM) [[Tex Schramm]], who wanted fans to see a variety of opponents' jersey colours at home games and continues to do so today.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Here's the real reason behind the Dallas
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During the successful Joe Gibbs era, Washington chose to wear white exclusively at home in the 1980s and 1990s,<ref name=WAHNFL/> including the [[1982–83 NFL playoffs#Conference championships|1982 NFC Championship Game]] against Dallas. Since 2001, they have chosen to wear white jerseys and burgundy jerseys roughly equally in their home games, but they still wear white against the Cowboys.<ref name=WAHNFL/> When Gibbs returned from 2004 to 2007, they wore white at home exclusively. In 2007, they wore a white throwback jersey.
The Dallas Cowboys' blue jersey has been popularly viewed to be "[[sports-related curses|jinxed]]" because of defeats at [[Super Bowl V]] in 1971 (when they were assigned to wear their blue jerseys as the designated 'home' team<ref>{{cite web |last=Lukas |first=Paul |url=
[[Super Bowl]] rules later changed to allow the [[Super Bowl#Home team designation|designated home team]] to pick their choice of jersey. White was chosen by the Cowboys ([[Super Bowl XIII|XIII]], [[Super Bowl XXVII|XXVII]]), the Redskins ([[Super Bowl XVII|XVII]]), the [[Pittsburgh Steelers]] ([[Super Bowl XL|XL]]), the [[Denver Broncos]] ([[Super Bowl 50|50]]), the [[New England Patriots]] ([[Super Bowl LII|LII]]),<ref name="Denv50">{{cite news|last=Swanson|first=Ben|title=Broncos to wear white uniforms in Super Bowl 50|url=http://www.denverbroncos.com/news-and-blogs/article-1/Broncos-to-wear-white-uniforms-in-Super-Bowl-50/26a247f5-91ef-4ff6-a11a-8278b089c5c3|website=DenverBroncos.com|publisher=NFL Enterprises, LLC|date=25 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126222617/http://www.denverbroncos.com/news-and-blogs/article-1/Broncos-to-wear-white-uniforms-in-Super-Bowl-50/26a247f5-91ef-4ff6-a11a-8278b089c5c3|archive-date=26 January 2016|access-date=25 October 2018}}</ref> and the [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]] ([[Super Bowl LV|LV]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buccaneers.com/news/super-bowl-55-uniform-jersey-combo-buccaneers-chiefs|title=The Buccaneers Will Wear White, Pewter for Super Bowl LV}}</ref> The latter three teams normally wear colours at home, but Pittsburgh had worn white in [[2005–06 NFL playoffs|three road playoff wins]], while Denver cited its previous Super Bowl success in white jerseys ([[Super Bowl XXXIII|XXXIII]]), while being 0–4 when wearing orange in Super Bowls.
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Often white shorts only are used to distinguish between home and away teams, this has been criticised for not providing sufficient distinction between teams that play in similar colours or guernsey designs. For example, in 2007, [[Geelong Football Club|Geelong]] coach [[Mark Thompson (footballer)|Mark Thompson]] spoke out about the need for the AFL to take action to prevent guernsey clashes in future AFL matches, after a match between Geelong and [[Collingwood Football Club|Collingwood]] where spectators had difficulty distinguishing between Geelong's navy blue and white horizontal stripes and Collingwood's vertical black and white stripes even though the game was played in good conditions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Thompson wants to avoid jumper clash |url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/thompson-wants-to-avoid-jumper-clash-20070715-gdqmf3.html |website=The Age |date=14 July 2007 |access-date=9 August 2022}}</ref> This combination happened again in 2019, creating again more controversy with the clash being created largely because Geelong wore blue shorts and Collingwood wore white shorts.<ref>{{cite web |title=AFL finals 2019, Geelong vs Collingwood: Jumper clash leaves fans and commentators puzzled |url=https://www.foxsports.com.au/afl/afl-finals-2019-geelong-vs-collingwood-jumper-clash-leaves-fans-and-commentators-puzzled/news-story/13bbe14a6355d1aec0d28ccef8abc34a |website=Fox Sports |date=7 September 2019 |access-date=30 June 2023}}</ref> Additionally, in the 2021 [[Anzac Day clash]], both [[Collingwood Football Club|Collingwood]] and [[Essendon Football Club|Essendon]] wore predominantly black Anzac Day jumpers, with the only distinction between the teams being Essendon's white shorts, with spectators experiencing difficulty in telling apart the teams.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cherny |first1=Daniel |title=Baby Bombers stun Buckley's men into submission to leave Collingwood 17th |url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/afl/dons-choke-buckley-s-men-into-submission-to-leave-collingwood-17th-20210425-p57m7w.html |website=The Age |date=25 April 2021 |access-date=9 August 2022}}</ref> This happened again between the two teams on ANZAC Day 2023 with both teams wearing mostly black jumpers with white (Collingwood's white stripes and Essendon jumper numbers) and red (Essendon's red sash and Collingwood's [[Emirates (airline)|Emirates]] and [[KFC]] sponsorship).<ref>{{cite web |last1=McKern |first1=James |title=Collingwood pull off epic comeback fourth quarter win |url=https://www.news.com.au/sport/afl/anzac-day-live-jumper-clash-mars-collingwood-vs-essendon-contest/news-story/0f1f68f566e688d1d718611f554ab51e |website=News.com.au |date=26 April 2023 |access-date=30 June 2023}}</ref> In some cases, individual clubs may have informal agreements around what guernsey designs to wear in order to avoid clashes. For example, Collingwood president [[Eddie McGuire]] claimed that he had made a handshake agreement with then-Geelong president [[Frank Costa]] in the 1990s in which Geelong would always wear white shorts and a white jumper for all matches between Geelong and Collingwood, with Collingwood wearing black shorts and a black jumper. This came out after the aforementioned 2019 Geelong-Collingwood match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pierik |first1=Jon |title=Cats need to play more games at the MCG to be a premiership threat: Roos |url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/afl/cats-need-to-play-more-games-at-the-mcg-to-be-a-premiership-threat-roos-20190907-p52oyk.html |website=The Age |date=7 September 2019 |access-date=9 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=AFL colours clash leaves Collingwood-Geelong fans fuming |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2019/sep/07/afl-colours-clash-leaves-collingwood-geelong-fans-fuming |website=The Guardian |date=7 September 2019 |access-date=9 August 2022}}</ref>
In the AFL Grand Final, the team that finishes higher during the regular season has the right to choose the colours they play in, with the lower-ranked team to accommodate this accordingly. An example of this occurred in the [[2017 AFL Grand Final]] between 1st placed [[Adelaide Football Club|Adelaide]] and 3rd placed [[Richmond Football Club|Richmond]]; as the higher ranked team, Adelaide chose to play in their home guernsey, and as the lower ranked team, Richmond was forced to play in their clash guernsey of yellow with a black sash as opposed to their usual black guernsey with a yellow sash, as their home guernsey was deemed to clash with [[Adelaide Football Club|Adelaide]]'s home guernsey.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cherny |first1=Daniel |title=AFL grand final: Richmond to accept call for club to wear clash jumper v Adelaide |url=https://www.theage.com.au/sport/afl/afl-grand-final-richmond-to-accept-call-for-club-to-wear-clash-jumper-v-adelaide-20170923-gynhuv.html |website=The Age |date=23 September 2017 |access-date=9 August 2022}}</ref>
==Baseball==
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==Basketball==
[[File:Elizabeth Cambage at day three of the Opals camp.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Liz Cambage]] in Australia's away colours]]
Until the [[2017–18 NBA season|2017–18 season]], the rules of the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA) stated that the home team must always wear their light colored jerseys and the visitors wear their dark jerseys unless otherwise approved.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rule 3, Section VI—Uniforms (Players Jerseys)|url=http://mediacentral.nba.com/media/mediacentral/Official-NBA-Rule-Book.pdf#page=17|work=Official Rules of the National Basketball Association 2014–2015|publisher=National Basketball Association|date=9 December 2014|access-date=7 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208174825/http://mediacentral.nba.com/media/mediacentral/Official-NBA-Rule-Book.pdf#page=17|archive-date=8 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite
Beginning with the 2017–18 season, the home team is allowed to designate whether it will wear a lighter-colored or darker-colored jersey. The visiting team must wear a jersey of sufficient contrast, whether it be white or another darker color.<ref>{{cite news|last=Whitaker|first=Lang|title=NBA, Nike unveil new uniforms for 2017–18 season|url=http://www.nba.com/article/2017/07/18/nba-nike-new-uniforms|publisher=NBA Media Ventures, LLC|website=NBA.com|date=July 18, 2017|access-date=April 23, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tapp |first=Tom |date=2022-03-14 |title=Uniform Mixup Sees Both NBA Teams Come Out To Play In White Jerseys For Thunder-Grizzlies Game |url=https://deadline.com/2022/03/uniform-mixup-nba-teams-white-1234977545/ |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=Deadline |language=en-US}}</ref>
The use of specially-designed Christmas uniforms in NBA games in 2012<ref>{{cite press release|title=NBA and Adidas to unveil 'big color' uniforms for Christmas Day games|url=http://mediacentral.nba.com/media/mediacentral/1112-12-2012-BIG-Color-Holiday-Campaign-Release-UNIFORM-CONSUMER.docx|publisher=National Basketball Association|date=12 November 2012|access-date=7 October 2015|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208115914/http://mediacentral.nba.com/media/mediacentral/1112-12-2012-BIG-Color-Holiday-Campaign-Release-UNIFORM-CONSUMER.docx|archive-date=8 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lukas|first=Paul|title=Confirming What We Already Knew|url=http://www.uni-watch.com/2012/11/13/nba-unveils-christmas-day-uniforms/|publisher=Uni-Watch|date=13 November 2012|access-date=7 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208163705/http://www.uni-watch.com/2012/11/13/nba-unveils-christmas-day-uniforms/|archive-date=8 December 2015}}</ref> led to several "colour vs. colour" match-ups.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-08 |title=NBA Christmas: Best (and worst) jerseys through the years |website=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/sports/nba/2018/12/20/nba-christmas-best-and-worst-jerseys-through-years/2380469002/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608054656/https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/sports/nba/2018/12/20/nba-christmas-best-and-worst-jerseys-through-years/2380469002/ |
In [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] [[NCAA Division I|Division I]] [[college basketball]], the home team almost universally wears white uniforms, while the visiting team wears dark colors. There are exceptions, such as the [[Michigan Wolverines]], [[LSU Tigers]], [[Missouri Tigers]] and [[West Virginia Mountaineers]] wearing yellow at home, or the [[Illinois Fighting Illini]] wearing orange at home, or the [[Kansas State Wildcats]] wearing lavender at home, if it sufficiently contrasts with the visiting team's uniforms.
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