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Line 1: {{Short description\|Largest public park in Madrid, Spain}} {{About\|the park\|the ward\|Casa de Campo (Madrid)}} {{~~about~~About\|the Spanish urban park\|the Dominican resort\|Casa de Campo, Dominican Republic}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2020}} {{Infobox park \| name = Casa de Campo \| image = Casa de Campo Lago y vista.jpg ~~\| image_size = 250px~~ \| image_alt = \| image_caption = Lake in Casa de Campo ~~with [[Plaza de España (Madrid)\|Plaza de España]]~~ \| map = Spain Madrid#Spain▼ ~~\| map_label =Casa de Campo~~ \| type = Public park \| location = [[Madrid]], [[Spain]] \| nearest_city = \| coordinates = {{coord\|40.42291\|N\|3.75595\|W\|source:placeopedia\|display=title,inline}} \| area = ~~1,722~~{{convert\|17.~~6 acres~~23\|km2\|acre}} \| created = 1 May 1931 \| operator = Line 20 ⟶ 19: \| designation = \| open = \| embedded = {{Infobox designation list ▲\| ~~map~~embed = ~~Spain Madrid#Spain~~yes \| designation2 = Spain \| designation2_type = Non-movable \| designation2_criteria = Historic Garden \| designation2_date = 3 June 1931 \| designation2_number = RI-52-0000004 }} }} [[File:Fuente del Triángulo. Casa de Campo. Madrid. España.jpg\|thumb\|upright\|Fountain of the Triangle in Casa de Campo.]] The '''Casa de Campo''' ({{IPA-\|es\|ˈkasa ðe ˈkampo}}, for [[Spanish ~~language\|Spanish]]~~: ''Country House'') is the largest public [[park]] in Madrid. It is situated west of ~~downtown~~central [[Madrid]], [[Spain]]. It gets its name 'Country House' because it was once a royal hunting estate., ~~Its~~located ~~area~~just iswest ~~more~~of ~~than~~the ~~{{convert\|1750\|ha\|mi2}}~~[[Royal Palace of Madrid]].~~<ref>{{cite~~ ~~web\|last1=Institutp~~It ~~Geográfico~~was ~~Nacional~~created dein ~~España~~the early 16th century for use by the [[Spanish royal family\|~~title=Visor~~royal ~~cartográfico~~family]] and [[Spanish ~~Iberpix~~nobility\|~~url=http://www2~~nobility]], and was opened to the public in 1931 when it became a public park.~~ign.es/iberpix/visoriberpix/visorign.html\|accessdate=20~~ ~~July~~Today, ~~2014}}</ref>~~it is a popular green space and weekend destination for Madrid residents. Its area is {{convert\|1722.6\|ha\|acre}}, about five times the size of New York City's [[Central Park]] or twice the size of Paris' [[Bois de Boulogne]].<ref>{{cite web\|last1=Web oficial de turismo de Madrid\|title=Casa de Campo\|url=https://www.esmadrid.com/informacion-turistica/casa-de-campo\|access-date=31 May 2019}}</ref> The Casa de Campo is linked to the [[Parque del Oeste]] by the [[Teleférico de Madrid]], a [[gondola lift]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.remontees-mecaniques.net/bdd/reportage-tph-2s-rosales-casa-de-campo-von-roll-1366.html \|title=TPH 2S Rosales -– Casa de Campo \|language=~~French~~fr \|work=remontees-mecaniques.net \|~~accessdate~~access-date=9 August 2017}}</ref> The complex was declared in 2010 an ''[[Bien de Interés Cultural\|Asset of Cultural Interest]]'' by the Community of Madrid. For its part, the regulations of the General Urban Planning Plan of the Madrid City Council, of 1997, classify it as a historic park.<ref>Pedro Blasco, La Comunidad declara a la Casa de Campo Bien de Interés Cultural, El Mundo, Madrid, 15 July 2010</ref> ==Overview== [[File:Teleférico de Casa de Campo.ogv\|~~220px~~thumb\|~~left\|thumb~~upright\|~~view~~View of the park from the cable-car]] An amusement park, the [[Parque de Atracciones de Madrid]], and the [[Zoo Aquarium de Madrid\|Madrid Zoo]] are located inside the park. It is common for families to spend time in the park, looking at the wildlife that may be seen occasionally ~~seen~~ around the park with deer, rabbits, and different kinds of birds being the most common. The park also contains an artificial lake for recreation. InFrom ~~1936–39~~1936 to 1939, during the [[Spanish Civil War]], the front lines of the [[Siege of Madrid]] ran through the Casa de Campo, where the Republicans had halted a nationalist offensive in November 1936.▼ The park can be accessed via the Teleferico, a gondola with pick up point inside the Parque del Oeste on the west end of Madrid. The drop-off point houses a restaurant with an overlook of Madrid, playgrounds (both inside and outside), and access to Casa de Campo's many trails. The trails crisscrossing the park ~~that~~ are great for running, walking, and mountain biking. A lot of the less frequented parts of the park showcase Madrid's natural semi-arid beauty with red soil and scruffy pine trees. The altitude is elevated just like the rest of Madrid with quite a few hills inside the park.▼ ~~The~~In ~~park~~the ~~has~~90s ~~had~~and a2000s, ~~bad~~the ~~reputation~~park ~~of being~~was a ~~place for [[prostitutes]], most~~center of ~~whom are not Spanish and imported for the sex trade~~prostitution.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data/todaysfeatures/2006/February/todaysfeatures_February49.xml&section=todaysfeatures \|title="~~Europe’s~~Europe's brothel" Spain seeks solutions to prostitution \|work=Khaleej Times \|date=~~2006-02-~~25 February 2006 \|~~accessdate=2012-08~~access-date=30 August 2012 \|~~deadurl~~url-status=~~yes~~dead \|~~archiveurl~~archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060810114345/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data%2Ftodaysfeatures%2F2006%2FFebruary%2Ftodaysfeatures_February49.xml&section=todaysfeatures \|~~archivedate~~archive-date=~~2006-08-~~10 ~~\|df=~~August 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/32306 \|title=African Women Being Sold Into European '~~'~~'Sex Slavery'~~'~~' \|publisher=Digitaljournal.com \|date=~~2001-03-~~14 March 2001 \|~~accessdate=2012-08~~access-date=30 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|first=Giles \|last=Tremlett \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/feb/28/gilestremlett \|title=African women tricked into sex slavery in Spain \|work=The Guardian \|date= 28 February 2001\|access-~~02-28\|accessdate~~date=~~2012-08-~~30 August 2012 \|location=London}}</ref> ~~However, Madrid's chief prosecutor has denied the police authority to enforce a more modest dress code, despite complaints about sex workers wearing little clothing.~~<ref>{{cite web\|last=Boulware \|first=Jack \|url=http://www.salon.com/2000/07/05/madrid_2/ \|title=Hookers at the playground \|~~publisher~~work=Salon.com \|date=5 July 2000~~-07-05~~ \|~~accessdate=2012-08~~access-date=30 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/55578633.html?dids=55578633:55578633&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+28%2C+2000&author=Reuters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=MADRID+PROSTITUTES+CLEARED+TO+DRESS+DOWN&pqatl=google \|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201050817/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/55578633.html?dids=55578633:55578633&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+28,+2000&author=Reuters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=MADRID+PROSTITUTES+CLEARED+TO+DRESS+DOWN&pqatl=google \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=1 February 2013 \|title=Madrid Prostitutes Cleared To Dress Down \|publisher=Pqasb.pqarchiver.com \|date=~~2000-06-~~28 June 2000 \|~~accessdate~~access-date=30 August 2012~~-08-30~~}}</ref> ~~Due to the park's size, there are still problems but the volume is a lot less with different enforcement measures in place and the rerouting of commuter traffic outside of the park.~~▼ Nowadays, the park is mainly visited by families to spend the day, cyclists or [[hiking\|hikers]], as there are many routes to explore the forest. ==Flora and fauna== The natural vegetation of Casa de Campo is mainly [[Quercus rotundifolia\|holm oak]] forest, accompanied by [[mediterranean forest\|mediterranean bushes]]. However, throughout its history it has undergone constant transformation, even being used as [[farmland]] in some periods and repopulated in others with different non-native tree species, mainly [[pinus pinea\|stone pines]] or [[cypress]] trees, but also others such as [[poplars]], chestnut trees, plane trees, ash trees, oaks or willows. In 2002, 686,294 specimens (trees or shrubs) were registered in the woodland inventory of the park. In 2000, 18 trees or groups of them were classified as ''Singular Trees''. They are marked with wooden signs that describe their special characteristics. A 2021 winter storm, [[Storm Filomena\|Filomena]], destroyed at least a tenth of the trees throughout Madrid, and damaged an unknown amount of the park.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2021-01-12\|title=Filomena provoca una catástrofe natural en la Casa de Campo de Madrid\|url=https://as.com/diarioas/2021/01/12/actualidad/1610438688_075309.html\|access-date=2021-01-12\|website=AS.com\|language=es}}</ref> ▲In 1936–39, during the [[Spanish Civil War]], the front lines of the [[Siege of Madrid]] ran through the Casa de Campo, where the Republicans had halted a nationalist offensive in November 1936. Many different species of vertebrates can be found in Casa de Campo: over 140 birds, 21 mammals, 14 reptiles, six amphibians and 6 fish. ▲The park can be accessed via the Teleferico, a gondola with pick up point inside the Parque del Oeste on the west end of Madrid. The drop-off point houses a restaurant with an overlook of Madrid, playgrounds (both inside and outside), and access to Casa de Campo's many trails. The trails crisscrossing the park that are great for running, walking, and mountain biking. A lot of the less frequented parts of the park showcase Madrid's natural semi-arid beauty with red soil and scruffy pine trees. The altitude is elevated just like the rest of Madrid with quite a few hills inside the park. ==Access== ▲The park has had a bad reputation of being a place for [[prostitutes]], most of whom are not Spanish and imported for the sex trade.<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data/todaysfeatures/2006/February/todaysfeatures_February49.xml&section=todaysfeatures \|title="Europe’s brothel" Spain seeks solutions to prostitution \|work=Khaleej Times \|date=2006-02-25 \|accessdate=2012-08-30 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060810114345/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/DisplayArticle.asp?xfile=data%2Ftodaysfeatures%2F2006%2FFebruary%2Ftodaysfeatures_February49.xml&section=todaysfeatures \|archivedate=2006-08-10 \|df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/32306 \|title=African Women Being Sold Into European ''Sex Slavery'' \|publisher=Digitaljournal.com \|date=2001-03-14 \|accessdate=2012-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|first=Giles \|last=Tremlett \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/feb/28/gilestremlett \|title=African women tricked into sex slavery in Spain \|work=The Guardian \|date= 2001-02-28\|accessdate=2012-08-30 \|location=London}}</ref> However, Madrid's chief prosecutor has denied the police authority to enforce a more modest dress code, despite complaints about sex workers wearing little clothing.<ref>{{cite web\|last=Boulware \|first=Jack \|url=http://www.salon.com/2000/07/05/madrid_2/ \|title=Hookers at the playground \|publisher=Salon.com \|date=2000-07-05 \|accessdate=2012-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/55578633.html?dids=55578633:55578633&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+28%2C+2000&author=Reuters&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=MADRID+PROSTITUTES+CLEARED+TO+DRESS+DOWN&pqatl=google \|title=Madrid Prostitutes Cleared To Dress Down \|publisher=Pqasb.pqarchiver.com \|date=2000-06-28 \|accessdate=2012-08-30}}</ref> Due to the park's size, there are still problems but the volume is a lot less with different enforcement measures in place and the rerouting of commuter traffic outside of the park. The park can be accessed via the [[Teleférico de Madrid\|Teleferico]], a gondola with a pick up point inside the Parque del Oeste on the west end of Madrid. The drop-off point houses a restaurant with an overlook of Madrid, playgrounds (both inside and outside), and access to Casa de Campo's many trails. The park is connected to Madrid's public transit system, including [[Casa de Campo (Madrid Metro)\|stations on lines 5 and 10]] of the [[Madrid Metro]]. ==See also== Line 44 ⟶ 66: == References == {{~~reflist~~Reflist}} ==External links== [http://www.parquedeatracciones.es/ Parque de Atracciones de Madrid] (in Spanish) [http://www.zoomadrid.com/ Zoo de Madrid] (in Spanish) [https://web.archive.org/web/20150802010939/http://teleferico.com/ Teleferico] [http://www.google.se/maps/place/Casa+de+Campo,+Madrid,+Spain/@40.4242447,-3.7830948,13z/ Google maps] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Parks in Madrid]]