Messianic Judaism: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|Jewish Christian new religious movementsect}}

{{distinguish|Messiah in Judaism|Jewish Christian|Chabad messianism}}

'''Messianic Judaism''' ({{lang-he|{{Script/Hebrew|יַהֲדוּת מְשִׁיחִית}}}} or {{lang|he|{{Script/Hebrew|יהדות משיחית}}|rtl=yes}}, {{transliteration|he|Yahadút Mešiḥít}}) is a [[Syncretism|syncretic]]{{sfn|Kessler|2005|p=292|ps=: "[Messianic Judaism's] syncretism confuses Christians and Jews…"}} [[Abrahamic religion|Abrahamist]] [[new religious movement]] or sect{{sfn|Ariel|2013|pp=35{{ndash}}57}} that [[Who is a Jew?|considers itself Jewish]] (despite the claims to the contrary of [[Jewish denominations|all major Jewish groups]]).{{sfn|Ariel|2000|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=r3hCgIZB790C&q=advocated+offspring+rhetoric+Shalom 223]}}{{sfn|Cohn-Sherbok|2000|p=179}}<ref name="Ariel2006p191" /><ref name="Melton2005" /> Many Jews and Jewish authority figures,<ref name="e-Rea 2012" /> both in the [[United States]] and [[Israel]],<ref name="e-Rea 2012" /> consider it a part of [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical Christianity]].<ref name="e-Rea 2012">{{cite journal |author-last=Ben Barka |author-first=Mokhtar |date=December 2012 |title=The New Christian Right’sRight's relations with Israel and with the American Jews: the mid-1970s onward |journal=eE-Rea |location=[[Aix-en-Provence]] and [[Marseille]] |publisher=[[Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte]] on behalf of [[Aix-Marseille University]] |volume=10 |issue=1 |doi=10.4000/erea.2753 |doi-access=free |issn=1638-1718 |s2cid=191364375 |quote=The [[Jews]] have cause to worry because [[Evangelicalism|Evangelicals]] are active on both fronts, [[Christian Zionism|promoting support for the State of Israel]], and [[Proselytization and counter-proselytization of Jews|evangelizing the Jews]] at the same time. While the [[Israeli government]] eagerly accepts public support of Evangelicals and courts the leaders of the [[Christian right|New Christian Right]], many Jews bitterly condemn Christian proselytism and try their best to restrict the activities of missionaries in Israel. “[[Jews for Jesus]]” and other Christian Jewish groups in Israel have become especially effective in evangelizing, often with the support of foreign Evangelicals. It is not surprising that Jewish leaders, both in the [[United States]] and [[Israel]], react strongly to “Jews for Jesus” and the whole “Messianic Jewish” movement, whose concern is to promote awareness among the Jews as to God’s real plans for humanity and [[Conversion to Christianity|the need to accept Jesus as a Savior]]. In this respect, Gershom Gorenberg lamented the fact that “people who see Israel through the lens of Endtimes prophecy are questionable allies, whose support should be elicited only in the last resort. In the long run, their apocalyptic agenda has no room for Israel as a normal country.”}}</ref>

The [[Messianic Jewish Alliance of America]] (MJAA) began in 1915 as the Hebrew Christian Alliance of America (HCAA).{{citation<ref>Ariel, needed|date=AprilY. 2019}}(2016). THEOLOGICAL AND LITURGICAL COMING OF AGE: NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MESSIANIC JUDAISM AND EVANGELICAL CHRISTIANITY. Hebrew Studies, 57, 381–391. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44072313</ref> As the idea of maintaining Jewish identity spread in the late 1960s, the Hebrew Christian Alliance of America (HCAA) changed its name to the Messianic Jewish Alliance of America (MJAA).{{sfn|Juster|1995|pp=152–153|ps=: "In 1975, the Alliance changed its name to the Messianic Jewish Alliance, reflecting the growing Jewish identity of Jewish followers of Yeshua.[…] Hebrew-Christianity, at times, saw Jewishness as merely an ethnic identity, whereas Messianic Judaism saw its Jewish life and identity as a continued call of God."}} [[David A. Rausch|David Rausch]] writes that the change "signified far more than a semantical expression—it represented an evolution in the thought processes and religious and philosophical outlook toward a more fervent expression of Jewish identity."{{sfn|Rausch|1982a|p=77}} {{As of|2005}}, the MJAA was an organization of Jewish members who welcome non-Jews as "honored associates".{{sfn|Robinson|2005|p=42}} In 1986, the MJAA formed a congregational branch called the International Alliance of Messianic Congregations and Synagogues (IAMCS).<ref name="IAMCS_home"/>