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Line 1: {{Short description\|International Christian missionary organization}} {{Infobox organization \| name = OMF International \| formation = 1865 June 25 \| logo = [[File:OMF International logo 2015.jpg\|80x80px]] \| type = Evangelical Missions Agency \| founded_date = 25 June 1865 \| founder = [[Hudson Taylor]]▼ \| ~~origins~~formerly = China Inland Mission ~~(till 1964)~~▼ \| location = [[East Asia]]▼ ▲\| founder = [[Hudson Taylor]] ▲\| origins = China Inland Mission (till 1964) ▲\| location = [[East Asia]] \| key_people = Hudson Taylor, DE Hoste, JO Fraser, A.J. Broomhall, Patrick Fung, Cambridge Seven, ▼ \| origins = China Inland Mission (till 1964) \| area_served = [[East Asia]] & East Asians globally▼ ▲\| key_people = Hudson Taylor, DE Hoste, JO Fraser, A.J. Broomhall, Patrick Fung, Cambridge Seven, \| focus = Unreached People Groups, discipleship, church planting▼ ▲\| area_served = [[East Asia]] & East Asians globally \| method =▼ ▲\| focus = Unreached People Groups, discipleship, church planting \| revenue =▼ \| headquarters = Shanghai (formerly) Singapore (1950s-Present) ~~\| endowment =~~ ▲\| method = \| num_volunteers =▼ ▲\| revenue = \| num_employees =▼ \| ~~num_members~~endowment = ▲\| num_volunteers = ~~\| owner =~~ ▲\| num_employees = \| homepage = http://omf.org▼ \| num_members = \| dissolved =▼ \| owner = \| footnotes =▼ ▲\| homepage = http://omf.org ▲\| dissolved = ▲\| footnotes = }} '''OMF International''', (formerly '''Overseas Missionary Fellowship''' and before 1964 the '''China Inland Mission'''), is an international and [[interdenominational]] [[Evangelical]] [[Christianity\|Christian]] [[missionary]] society with an international centre in [[Singapore]]. It was founded in [[United Kingdom\|Britain]] by [[Hudson Taylor]] on 25 June 1865. == Overview == Line 43 ⟶ 46: ===Origins=== [[File:J Hudson Taylor 1865.jpg\|thumb\|left\|100px\|Hudson Taylor ~~circa~~ {{Circa\|1865}}]] [[Hudson Taylor]] made the first decision to found the China Inland Mission at [[Brighton]], [[England]] during his first furlough from [[China]]. Like his missionary forebear [[Karl Gützlaff]] and contemporary [[William Chalmers Burns]], Taylor was convinced that Chinese clothing should be worn when engaged in missionary work in inland China. On 3 October 1865, Taylor sent John and Anne Stevenson and [[George Stott (missionary)\|George Stott]] to China, where they arrived on February 6, 1866. Including the five missionaries previously sent to [[Ningbo]] -[[James Joseph Meadows]], Jean Notman, Stephen Paul Barchet, and George and Anne Crombie, these eight were already in China when Taylor returned in 1866. On 26 May of that year, Taylor accompanied the largest group of missionaries that had ever sailed to China on the ''[[Lammermuir (clipper)\|Lammermuir]]''. There were 16 missionaries as well as Hudson, his wife, Maria and their 4 children that became known as the ''[[Lammermuir Party]]''. This journey took 4 months. [[File:lammermuirparty.jpg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|The Lammermuir Party sailed on 26 May 1866.]] ===Inland pioneering=== In 1872, the China Inland Mission's London council was formed. In 1875, it began to evangelise China systematically. Taylor requested 18 missionaries from God for the nine provinces which were still unreached. In 1881, he requested a further 70 missionaries, and, in 1886, 100 missionaries. In 1887 "[[The Hundred missionaries]]" were sent to China. Taylor travelled across several continents to recruit for the China Inland Mission. By the end of the nineteenth century, the CIM was well known around the world. [[Richard Lovett (writer)\|Richard Lovett]] wrote about the practices of the missionaries in 1899. He noted that they were humble and not from the upper classes and they were having good success because they were willing to "rough it".<ref>Lovett (1899), 74</ref> That year [[Henrietta Soltau]] set up a training home for women missionaries in North London. She was secretary of the ladies' council of the CIM and hundreds were trained there.<ref>{{Cite ODNB\|title=Soltau, Henrietta Eliza (1843–1934), evangelist and promoter of missionary work\|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-47063~~;jsessionid=481FB71AD0E5BF3287FE05D682791531~~\|access-date=2020-08-09\|year = 2004\|language=en\|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/47063}}</ref> ===Boxer Crisis of 1900=== Line 68 ⟶ 71: The God of Jacob is our refuge. (Psalm 46:1,7)}}{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}} ~~The~~Despite the hardships, the number of Christians in China ~~despite of the hardships~~ increased from 100,000 in early 1900s to 700,000 by 1950. The Chinese church was beginning to develop into an indigenous movement, with the assistance from key leaders such as [[John Sung]], [[Wang Ming-Dao]], [[Watchman Nee]] and [[Andrew Gih]]. ==From CIM to OMF== [[Phyllis Thompson]] wrote that between 1949 and 1952 in the immediate aftermath of the [[Chinese Communist Revolution]], there was a "reluctant exodus" of all of the members of the China Inland Mission.<ref name="ChinaExodus">''China: The Reluctant Exodus'', by Phyllis. Thompson, Sevenoaks [England], Hodder and Stoughton, 1979.</ref> The leaders met at [[Bournemouth]], [[England]] to discuss the situation and the decision was made to redeploy all of the missionaries into the rest of East Asia. Headquarters were moved to Singapore, and work commenced in [[Japan]], [[Taiwan]], [[Hong Kong]], the [[Philippines]], [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Singapore]], [[Vietnam]], [[Cambodia]], [[Laos]] and [[Indonesia]]. In addition to reducing some languages to written form, the Bible was translated, and basic theological education was given to neglected tribal groups. The publication and distribution of Christian literature were prioritized among both the rural tribes people and the urban working classes and students. The goal remained for every community to have a church in East Asia and thereby the Gospel would be preached "to every creature". The proclamation of the Christian message also included medical work. Three hospitals were opened in rural Thailand as well as a [[leprosy]] control programme. Many of the patients were refugees. In the Philippines, community development programs were launched. [[Alcoholic]] rehabilitation began in Japan, and rehabilitation work among prostitutes was begun in [[Taipei]] and [[Bangkok]]. In 1980, Hudson Taylor's great grandson [[James Hudson Taylor III]] was appointed General Director for the mission work. According to Taylor in 1989, {{cquote\|"The fellowship has no desire to re-establish itself there (in China) in the form it used to have", but he also affirmed that "OMF is still deeply committed to the Chinese people. We can never forget that we came into existence as the China Inland Mission. Ever since our ‘reluctant exodus’ we have called the church worldwide to prayer for our brothers and sisters in China, and to share in proclaiming the gospel and nurturing millions of new believers through radio broadcasts and the provision of Bibles and Christian literature."}}{{citation needed\|date=July 2017}} Line 87 ⟶ 90: ===1860s=== China Inland Mission founded, 25 June 1865 in [[Brighton]] Beach, Sussex, [[England]] [[File:CIM in 1865.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|Taylors and missionary candidates in 1865.]] "[[China's Spiritual Need and Claims]]" by Hudson Taylor published, October 1865 in London The Occasional Paper of the China Inland Mission, January 1866 is first published, in [[London]] Line 95 ⟶ 98: 1866 Zhejiang - [[Fenghua]]: [[George Crombie]] opened mission station. * 1866 Zhejiang - [[Shaoxing]]: [[John Stevenson (missionary)\|John Stevenson]] & his wife Ann opened mission station. [[File:TheNineMap.jpg\|thumb\|left\|250px\|A map showing the nine Chinese provinces in black that were considered unreached by the [[Gospel]] message in 1865.]] * 1867 Zhejiang - [[Xiaoshan]]: Lewis & Eliza Nicol, [[James Williamson (missionary)\|James Williamson]] opened mission station. * 1867 Zhejiang: John Sell dies of [[smallpox]] Line 109 ⟶ 112: ===1870s=== [[File:Occasional Paper 1875.jpg\|thumb\|right\|150px\|Cover of the Occasional Paper of the China Inland Mission in 1875.]] [[Maria Jane Dyer]] "Mother of the Mission" died 23 July 1870 in [[Zhenjiang]], [[Jiangsu]], China 1871-1875 Jiangxi - [[Dagutang]]: J. E. Cardwell and wife opened mission station. Line 120 ⟶ 123: * 1876 [[Shaanxi]]: [[Frederick W. Baller]], [[George King (missionary)\|George King]] are the first Protestant Christian missionaries to work there. * 1876 [[Gansu]]: [[George F. Easton]] and [[George Parker (missionary)\|George Parker]] are the first Protestant Christian missionaries to work there. * 1876 [[Sichuan]]: James Cameron is the first itinerant Protestant Christian missionary to work there. [[George Nicoll (missionary)\|George Nicoll]] settles there after itineration (see also [[Protestantism in Sichuan]]). [[File:Dixon Edward Hoste and fellow China Inland Mission missionaries in native dress.jpg\|thumb\|left\|200px\|[[Dixon Edward Hoste]] and fellow China Inland Mission missionaries in native dress.]] * 1877 [[Guizhou]]: Charles Henry Judd and [[James F. Broumton]] are the first Protestant Christian missionaries there. Broumton later pioneered work among the [[Miao people\|Miao]] and [[Yi people]] minority groups. * 1877 [[Guangxi]]: [[Edward Fishe]] is the first Protestant Christian missionary there. He died the same year. Line 136 ⟶ 139: * 1880 Guizhou: [[George Clarke (missionary)\|George Clarke]] and his wife Fanny settle to work there. * 1881 Yunnan: [[John Stevenson (missionary)\|John Stevenson]] and [[Henry Soltau]] travelled 1,900 miles in 86 days on foot from Bhamo, [[Kunming]], Chongqing, [[Wuchang, Hubei\|Wuchang]] to Shanghai, setting a record from west to east. [[File:AmericanCIM.jpg\|thumb\|left\|200px\|First Party of Americans to join the CIM in 1888.]] * 1881 Yunnan: George and Fanny Clarke settle to work in [[Dali, Yunnan\|Dali]]. * 1881 [[Shandong]]: [[Chefoo School]] begun at [[Yantai]] (originally "The Protestant Collegiate School") [[Cambridge Seven]] arrived 3 March 1885 in China. [[The Hundred missionaries]] sent out in one year 1887. Benjamin Broomhall launches ''[[National Righteousness]]'', an [[Anti-Opium Campaign]] periodical in 1888. First party of [[United States\|American]] missionaries arrived 30 October 1888 in [[Shanghai]], China. 1889: North America Home Council formed. ===1890s=== [[File:CIMHQ.jpg\|thumb\|right\|The China Inland Mission Headquarters in [[Shanghai]]. Late 1800s.]] Shanghai Headquarters at Wusong Road 1890. 1890 [[Australia]] Home Council for CIM formed. First party of Australian missionaries arrived in 1890. [[File:AustralianCIM.jpg\|thumb\|left\|150px\|First Party of Australians to join the CIM in 1890.]] [[New Zealand]] Home Council formed. [[Newington Green]] office headquarters in London 1895. ===1900s=== Line 207 ⟶ 210: ===1960s=== China Inland Mission renamed [[Overseas Missionary Fellowship]] in 1964 [[Chinese Cultural Revolution]] ~~1966-1972~~1966–1972: all Christians silenced including the [[Three-Self Patriotic Movement]] Medical work begun in rural Thailand 1965 [[Japan]], [[Singapore]] and [[Malaysia]] Home Councils formed Line 232 ⟶ 235: 2004 OMF involved in relief after [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami\|Asian tsunami]] 2006 Dr Patrick Fung is appointed as General Director, the first Asian to hold this position in OMF. 2008 OMF involved in relief work, including counselling, after the [[2008 Sichuan earthquake]]. ===2010s=== Line 311 ⟶ 315: ==Archives== The papers of the China Inland Mission are held by [http://www.soas.ac.uk/library/archives/ SOAS Archives], the [[Billy Graham Center]] for Evangelism]] at [[Wheaton College (Illinois)\|Wheaton College]] [http://www2.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/215.htm], the OMF International Center in Singapore [https://omf.org/about-omf/mission-research/archives/], the Hong Kong Baptist University, and several regional offices. == Selected publications == Line 361 ⟶ 365: {{Cite book\|last=Bray\|first=Jenny\|title=Longhouse of faith\|publisher=Borneo Evangelical Mission\|year=1971}} {{Cite book\|last=Bray\|first=Jenny\|title=Longhouse of fear\|publisher=Borneo Evangelical Mission}} Broomhall, Marshall. ''The Jubilee Story of the China Inland Mission: With Portraits, Illustrations & Maps'' (Morgan & Scott, 1915). [https://books.google.com/books?~~hl=en&lr=lang_en&~~id=dYQRAAAAYAAJ~~&oi=fnd&pg=PR7~~&dq=%22China+Inland+Mission%22&~~ots~~pg=~~A01Gh1gs-4&sig=GzYx91hHU060c5ZpCTMg3ZhUDSQ~~PR7 online] {{Cite book\|last=Clements\|first=Ronald\|title=Point Me to the Skies:the amazing story of Joan Wales\|publisher=Monarch\|year=2007}} {{Cite book\|last=Clements\|first=Ronald\|title=In Japan the Crickets Cry (Biography of Steve Metcalf)\|publisher=Monarch\|year=2010\|title-link=Stephen A. Metcalf}} Line 391 ⟶ 395: {{Cite book\|last=Pollock\|first=John\|title=Hudson & Maria; Pioneers In China\|year=1965}} {{Cite book\|title=The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge\|publisher=Funk and Wagnalls Company\|location=New York\|year=1911}} * Taylor, Howard, and Mrs Howard Taylor. ''Hudson Taylor and the China Inland Mission: The Growth of a Work of God'' (Morgan & Scott, 1920). [https://books.google.com/books?~~hl=en&lr=lang_en&~~id=qZ2RFe7yp1gC~~&oi=fnd&pg=PA1~~&dq=%22China+Inland+Mission%22&~~ots~~pg=~~uEbNgEa7Nr&sig=oC6jZJ7b5QpR9Y3fh6ZqMZ88HAk~~PA1 online] *{{Cite book\|last=Taylor\|first=James Hudson\|title=The Collected Works of J. Hudson Taylor\|publisher=Dust & Ashes Publications\|year=2006}} {{refend}} Line 412 ⟶ 416: {{DEFAULTSORT:Omf International}} [[Category:Religious organizations established in 1865]] [[Category:Evangelical Christian publishing companies]] [[Category:Religious organisations based in London]] [[Category:~~Christian~~Evangelical missionary societies]] [[Category:Christian organizations established in the 19th century]] [[Category:1865 establishments in the United Kingdom]]