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Line 1: {{Short description\|Castle in the Norman city of Caen in France}} The '''Château de Caen''' is a castle in the Norman ~~town~~city of [[Caen]] in the [[Calvados (department)\|Calvados]] ''[[Departments of France\|département]]'' ([[Normandy]]). It has been officially classed as a ''[[Monument historique]]'' since ~~1886~~1997.<ref>{{Base Mérimée\|PA00111127\|Château, actuellement musées de Caen}}</ref> [[Image:Chato porte des champs.jpg\|thumb\|220px\|A [[gatehouse]] of the château de Caen (''Porte des champs'')]] ==History== [[File:Foundations of William's residence in Caen..jpg\|thumb\|Foundations of [[William the Conqueror]]'s residence ~~circa~~ {{Circa\|1060}}.]] The castle was built c. {{Circa\|1060}} by [[~~William I of England\|~~William the Conqueror]] (William of Normandy)]], who successfully [[Norman Conquest of England\|conquered England]] in 1066. His son [[Henry I of England\|Henry I]] then built the Saint George's church, a keep (1123) and a large hall for the ducal Court. On Christmas 1182, a royal court celebration for Christmas in the [[wikt:aula#English\|~~aula~~Aula]] of Caen Castle brought together [[Henry II of England\|Henry II]] and his sons, [[Richard I of England\|Richard the Lionheart]] and [[John of England\|John Lackland]], receiving more than a thousand knights. Caen Castle, along with all of Normandy, was [[French invasion of Normandy (1202–1204)\|recaptured by the French Crown in 1204]]. [[Philip II of France\|Philip II]] reinforced the [[fortification]]s. The castle saw several engagements during the [[Hundred Years' War]] ([[Battle of Caen (1346)\|1346]], [[Siege of Caen (1417)\|1417]], [[Siege of Caen (1450)\|1450]]). The keep was pulled down in 1793 during the [[French Revolution]], by order of the [[National Convention]]. The castle, which was used as a barracks during [[World War II]], was bombed in 1944 and seriously damaged. In 1946, Michel de Boüard, an archeologist from Caen, decided to start excavations in the area of the castle to bring to the light medieval traces. The ''[[Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen\|Musée des Beaux-Arts]]'', which was installed in 1967, opened in 1971. Now, you can gain access to a pass and tour the large castle, and visit the university located in the centre of the area. ==Structure== Line 35 ⟶ 38: ===Recent works=== Since March 2004, the town of Caen has ~~undergone~~undertaken the restoration of the ramparts, with the financial help of the [[European Regional Development Fund\|ERDF]] (consolidation, opening of [[arrow slit]]s walled-up during the 19th century) . 6,000 m³ of earth are being removed, in order to give a better view of the north-west wall of the 12th century. This operation has revealed the cellar of a private house of the 15th century which still has its firehouse, a powder magazine and two walls of a forge of the 14th century. Traces of the stables have also been found. Line 41 ⟶ 44: == Bibliography == * Joseph Decaëns and Adrien Dubois (ed.), ''Caen Castle. A ten Centuries Old Fortress within the Town''. Publications du Centre de Recherches Archéologiques et Historiques Médiévales), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2010, {{ISBN \|978-2-902685-75-2}}, [https://web.archive.org/web/20110606034828/http://www.unicaen.fr/ufr/histoire/craham/publications/spip.php?article258 Publications du CRAHM] * B. Guillot (éd.), Forges médiévales et écurie de la Renaissance au château de Caen. Publications du Centre de Recherches Archéologiques et Historiques Médiévales), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015 ({{ISBN \|978-2-84133-740-8}}) ==See also== {{commons category\|Château de Caen}} ~~{{Portal\|Normandy}}~~ * [[List of castles in France]] * [[Grand Doyenné of Avranches]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== [https://web.archive.org/web/20070203221119/http://www.ville-caen.fr/GB/index.html Timeline of Caen Castle] [https://archive.today/20130106222215/http://www.chateau.caen.fr/ANGLAIS/index.htm The Château de Caen (official site)] {{Base Mérimée\|PA00111127\|Château, actuellement musées de Caen}} [http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=RETROUVER&FIELD_1=cmer1&VALUE_1=CAEN&FIELD_2=cmer4&VALUE_2=%27CHATEAU%20FORT%27&FIELD_3=cmer5&VALUE_3=&FIELD_4=AUTR&VALUE_4=&FIELD_5=cmer2&VALUE_5=&FIELD_6=titre&VALUE_6=&FIELD_7=PROT&VALUE_7=&FIELD_8=DOSURLP&VALUE_8=%20&NUMBER=1&GRP=0&REQ=%28%28CAEN%29%20%3aLOCA%2cPLOC%2cINSEE%20%20ET%20%20%28%28%27CHATEAU%20FORT%27%29%20%3aDENO%2cPART%2cREMA%2cACTU%2cPDEN%2cMHPP%20%29%29&USRNAME=nobody&USRPWD=4%24%2534P&SPEC=9&SYN=1&IMLY=&MAX1=1&MAX2=100&MAX3=100&DOM=Tous Ministry of culture listing] * [http://www.mba.caen.fr/ Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen] {{frin ~~icon~~lang\|fr}} * [http://www.musee-de-normandie.caen.fr/ Musée de Normandie] {{frin ~~icon~~lang\|fr}} {{coord\|49\|11\|11\|N\|0\|21\|46\|W\|region:FR_type:landmark_source:frwiki\|display=title}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Caen, Chateau de}} [[Category:Castles in Calvados (department)]] Line 65 ⟶ 71: [[Category:Local museums in France]] [[Category:Duchy of Normandy]] [[Category:Monuments historiques of ~~Normandy~~Calvados (department)]]