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Line 1: {{short description\|Historical region in southwestern Ethiopia}} The '''Gibe region''' is used to indicate a historic region in modern southwestern [[Ethiopia]], to the west of the [[Gibe River\|Gibe]] and [[Omo River]]s, and north of the [[Gojeb River\|Gojeb]]. It was the location of the former [[Oromo]] and [[Sidama people\|Sidama]] kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Gera\|Gera]], [[Kingdom of Gomma\|Gomma]], [[Kingdom of Garo\|Garo]], [[Kingdom of Gumma\|Gumma]], [[Kingdom of Jimma\|Jimma]], and [[Limmu-Ennarea]].▼ [[File:Gibe_kingdoms.png\|thumb\|right\|alt=Map showing the kingdoms in close proximity\|Map Showing the location of the Kingdoms]] ▲The '''Gibe region''' is([[Amharic ~~used~~language\|Amharic]]: toጊቤ) ~~indicate~~was a historic region in modern southwestern [[Ethiopia]], to the west of the [[Gibe River\|Gibe]] and [[Omo River (Ethiopia)\|Omo River]]s, and north of the [[Gojeb River\|Gojeb]]. It was the location of the former [[Oromo people\|Oromo]] and [[Sidama people\|Sidama]] kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Gera\|Gera]], [[Kingdom of Gomma\|Gomma]], [[Kingdom of Garo\|Garo]], [[Kingdom of Gumma\|Gumma]], [[Kingdom of Jimma\|Jimma]], and [[Limmu-Ennarea]]. To the north of the Gibe region lay the [[Macha Oromo\|Macha]] ~~tribe~~clan of the Oromo. Concerning the formation of five Gibe states, scholars had tried to put them orderly as they form states. For instance, the work of Mohammed has been accepted, he had briefly explained the formation of the five Gibe states with their respective founders/rulers. According to him, all were formed during the 19th century; it was Abba Gomol (1800-1825) who formed the state of Limmu-Enarea. It was Oncho Jilcha (1810-1830) who founded the kingdom of Guma. It was Abba Manno (1820-1840) who completed the process of state formation in Gomma. It was Abba Jifar I (1830-1854) who completed the formation of the kingdom of Jimma. It was Tullu Gunji (1835) who formed the state of Gera. Until the mid ~~1500s~~16th century, this region was part of the [[Sidama]] ~~kingdom~~kingdoms of [[Limmu-Ennarea\|Ennarea]], [[Hadiya Kingdom\|Hadiya]], [[Kingdom of Janjero\|Janjero]] and [[Kingdom of Kaffa\|Kaffa]], tributary states to the Ethiopian [[Solomonic dynasty]]. The area was separated however, when the Oromo migrated into the area, destroying Hadiya, isolating Janjero, and reduced the area of Enerea and Kaffa. In the Gibe region, the Oromo came under the cultural influence of the kingdom of Kaffa, from whom they borrowed the concept of hereditary kingship (called [[Moti]] in all of the kingdoms except Limmu-Enerea, where for historical reasons the king was known as the ''Supera''), and the practice of delimiting the boundaries or frontier of their states with a system of physical barriers.<ref>Described in detail in G.W.B. Huntingford, ''The Galla of Ethiopia; the Kingdoms of Kafa and Janjero'' (London: International African Institute, 1955), pp. 55ff</ref> These barriers consisted of palisades or [[dead ~~hedges~~hedge]]s, which could extend for miles, separated from the barriers of the neighboring kingdom by a neutral strip (called ''moga''), which was left uncultivated and inhabited only by brigands and outlaws. Access into each kingdom was limited to guarded gates known as ''kella'', where tolls were levied<ref>C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, ''Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593-1646'' (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lxxviii. Also described in detail in Huntingford, ''The Galla of Ethiopia'', pp. 57f</ref> These kingdoms had an economy based on exports of [[gold]], [[civet]] musk, [[coffee]], and [[slavery\|slave]]s. G.W.B. Huntingford explains that slaves were taken in raids on the Macha tribe to the north, and in raids on the Sidamo kingdoms of Kaffa and Janjero; he also cites evidence to show that 7,000 people a year were sold each year, some to people inside Ethiopia, and some outside that country.<ref>Huntingford, ''The Galla of Ethiopia'', p. 31</ref> Line 14 ⟶ 17: <references/> {{coord\|8\|N\|37\|E\|display=title}} ~~[[de:Gibe (Region)]]~~ [[Category:History of Ethiopia]]▼ [[Category:~~Subdivisions~~Historical ~~of Ethiopia~~regions]] ▲[[Category:~~History~~Former provinces of Ethiopia]]