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The '''International Center for Peacemaking and Security''' ({{lang-uk|Міжнаро́дний центр миротво́рчості та безпе́ки|Mizhnarodnyi tsentr myrotvorchosti ta bezpeky}}), also known as the '''Yavoriv military base''' ({{lang|uk|Я́ворівський військовий поліго́н}}),{{efn|{{smallrou|Yavorivskyi viiskovyi polihon}}}} is a military training facility inof westernthe [[Armed Forces of Ukraine]], in the city of [[Yavoriv]] in western Ukraine, some 10 km from the [[Poland–Ukraine border|border]] with [[Poland]] and 30 kilometers northwest of [[Lviv]] in Yavoriv district. The facility houses an International Center for Peacekeeping and Security within the framework of the [[Ukraine–NATO relations|Ukraine–NATO]] [[Partnership for Peace]] program and the National Military Academy Hetman Petro Sahaidatschnyj. The base covers an area of around 390 sq km<sup>2</sup> (151 sq miles) and can accommodate up to 1,790 people.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ukrainian PfP Training Centre |url=https://www.nato.int/structur/nmlo/links/yavoriv-training-centre.pdf |website=NATO |access-date=1320 MarchOctober 20222003<!--date embedded in PDF-->}}</ref><ref name="bbc-13-03-2022">{{cite news |title=Ukraine war: Missiles hit military site near western city of Lviv |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-60717902 |access-date=13 March 2022 |work=BBC News |date=13 March 2022 |language=en-gb}}</ref> The course covers an area of 36,153 hectares; until the creation of the [[Yavorivskyi National Park|Yavoriv National Park]], it was 42,000 hectares in size.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Новоженець хоче відібрати у військових частину Яворівського полігону |trans-title=Novozhenets wants to take away a part of the Yavoriv test site from the military |author=<!--not stated--> |website=portal.lviv.ua |date=1 June 2005 |url= https://portal.lviv.ua/news/2005/06/01/102553|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213943/http://portal.lviv.ua/news/2005/06/01/102553.html|archive-date=4 October 2013 |language=uk}}</ref>
[[file:Яворовский полигон 2.jpg|thumb|View of the landscape in 2008]]
==History==
TheModern Yavoriv military training area was founded in 1940. A former military training area, oforiginally established under Austrian rule, and then occupied by the Polish army after their attack on Ukraine, was used. Therefore, whichthis military training area had existed here before the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|Soviet occupation of eastern Poland in 1939]] and the [[Ukrainian–Soviet War|Soviet annexation of western Ukraine]]. OnUnder Soviet occupation, on February 13, 1940, the [[Soviet Union|USSR]] passed a resolution on the evacuation of 30 villages, the area of which was needed for the expansion of the square.<ref>{{cite web|title=Партизанськими дорогами з командиром "Залізняком"|periodical=|publisher=|url=http://do.gendocs.ru/docs/index-125141.html|url-status=|format=|access-date=2022-03-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112130121/http://do.gendocs.ru/docs/index-125141.html|archive-date=2013-11-12|last=|date=2012-03-17|year=|language=ru|pages=|quote=}}</ref>{{qnrequest quotation|date=March 2022|reason=per [[WP:NONENG]]; at the moment having trouble verifying}}
A total of 125,000 people were forcibly resettled from the area, and 170 villages and [[Hamlet (place)|hamlets]] became deserts. The inhabitants were taken to southern [[Bessarabia]] to villages that had recently become free during the resettlementevacuation of [[Bessarabia Germans|Bessarabian Germans]] to the [[Nazi Germany|German Reich]].{{cncitation needed|date=March 2022}}
=== German occupation ===
From 1941 to 1944, the area was used by the [[Wehrmacht|German Wehrmacht]] as a military training area in [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]] named ''Truppenübungsplatz Galizien''. Later, the Red Army used the area again and from 1991 the Ukrainian Armed Forces. Today, joint exercises with NATO forces are also being carried out on the square.{{cncitation needed|date=March 2022}}
=== IPSC ===
The International Peacekeeping and Security Centre (IPSC) was formed in 2007 to aid in the training of personnel from the [[Armed Forces of Ukraine|Ukrainian Armed Forces]], particularly for peacekeeping missions. The IPSC also provides training to foreign state military units which provide forces to peacekeeping missions and in the fight against terrorism. In 2016, the JMTC's Fearless Guardian II program trained soldiers in first aid, counter-unmanned aerial vehicle tactics and dealing with counter-[[Improvised explosive device|IED]]s.<ref>[https://www.army-technology.com/news/newsus-to-support-international-peacekeeping-and-security-center-in-ukraine-4824361/ US to support International Peacekeeping and Security Center in Ukraine]. February 28, 2016:
The US Department of Defense (DoD) has revealed plans to support the International Peacekeeping and Security Center (IPSC) in western Ukraine until 2020.</ref>
In September 2015 NATO's Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC) and the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (SESU) ran the
joint exercise "Ukraine 2015" with more than 1,100 participants, including first responders, search and rescue teams and experts dealing with the fallout from a chemical or nuclear attack.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_122740.htm?selectedLocale=en | title=Secretary General highlights value of partnership as he opens joint NATO-Ukraine civil emergency exercise }}</ref>
== 2022 Russian attack ==
{{main|Yavoriv military base attack}}
During the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the Yavoriv military facility was hit by a Russian missile strike early on 13 March 2022. According to Ukrainian officials, 30 rockets were fired at the base, killing 35 and injuring 134 others.<ref name="bbc-13-03-2022"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Ukraine war: Missiles hit military site near western city of Lviv |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-europe-60717902?ns_mchannel=social&ns_source=twitter&ns_campaign=bbc_live&ns_linkname=622ddb90980bea49f4b7c584%26Day%2018%3A%20Where%20is%20fighting%20taking%20place%3F%262022-03-13T12%3A02%3A27.272Z&ns_fee=0&pinned_post_locator=urn:asset:c74538d0-5c2c-49fe-b2f4-2e7faab06488&pinned_post_asset_id=622ddb90980bea49f4b7c584&pinned_post_type=share |access-date=13 March 2022 |work=BBC News |date=13 March 2022 |language=en-gb}}</ref> Ukrainian officials also reported that as many as 1000 foreign fighters had been training at the base as part of the [[International Legion of Territorial Defense of Ukraine|Ukrainian Foreign Legion]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ramzy |first1=Austin |title=The base attacked in western Ukraine has been a hub for foreign militaries. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/13/world/europe/yavoriv-military-base-ukraine.html |access-date=13 March 2022 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=13 March 2022}}</ref> The [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Russian Ministry of Defence]] announced that it had destroyed "up to 180 foreign mercenaries and a large consignment of foreign weapons" and said that Russia would continue attacks on foreign fighters in Ukraine; the [[Ministry of Defence (Ukraine)|Ukrainian Ministry of Defence]] said that it had not confirmed any foreigners among the dead.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Krever |first1=Mick |title=Ukraine denies Russia's claims it has killed up to 180 foreign mercenaries during strike on Yavoriv military base |url=https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-putin-news-03-13-22/h_0bb096cff64a3616c0217c031ce76284 |access-date=13 March 2022 |work=[[CNN]] |date=13 March 2022}}</ref> On 14 March, British newspaper [[Daily Mirror|The Mirror]] said that at least three British ex-special forces may have been killed in the strikes, with the total amount of dead volunteers potentially surpassing one hundred.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hughes |first1=Chris |last2=Thornton |first2=Lucy |title=Three British ex-special forces troops feared dead in Russian attack near Polish border |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/breaking-three-british-ex-special-26464683 |access-date=15 March 2022 |work=[[The Daily Mirror]] |date=14 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gregory |first1=Andy |last2=Batchelor |first2=Tom |title=Fears three British ex-special forces troops killed by Russian attack in Ukraine |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/russia-attack-british-troops-feared-dead-b2035555.html |access-date=15 March 2022 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=15 March 2022}}</ref>
Ukraine's Defence Minister [[Oleksii Reznikov]] described the strike as ana "terrorist attack on peace and security near the EU-NatoNATO border".<ref name="bbc-13-03-2022"/> A [[NATO]] official statedsaid that there was no NATO personnel atin theUkraine.<ref>{{Cite base,news as|title=Bloodied allbut personnelalive hadafter leftRussian theair countrystrike priorin towestern theUkraine invasion|last=Marshall |first=Andrew R.<ref>[c. |website=Reuters |location=YAVORIV, Ukraine |date=13 March 2022 |url= https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/air-strike-launched-ukraine-military-base-near-polish-border-lviv-authorities-2022-03-13/ Bloodied but alive after Russian air strike in western Ukraine], ''Reuters''}}</ref>
== GalleryNotes ==
{{notelist}}
<gallery mode="packed" heights="130px">
Defense.gov News Photo 000713-F-2095R-001.jpg|American soldier shows Italian colleagues details of a mine detector during the "Peace Shield" exercise, 13 July 2000
Polish soldiers prepare for an ambush.jpg|Polish soldiers prepare for an ambush during the "Rapid Trident 2007" exercise, 22 August 2007
U.S., Partner Nations Train During Rapid Trident 2011 (6007713721).jpg|Ukrainian soldiers during "Rapid Trident 2011," 9 July 2011
Field and Situational Training Exercises (7595677780).jpg|American, Serbian and German soldiers on a Romanian armored personnel carrier during "Rapid Trident 2012," 17 July 2012
A Ukrainian Mi-8 helicopter transports paratroopers who are preparing to jump over the International Peacekeeping and Security Center in Yavoriv, Ukraine, July 9, 2013, as part of Rapid Trident 2013 130709-O-ZZ999-004-UA.jpg|Ukrainian Mi-8 helicopter transports paratroopers during the "Rapid Trident 2013" exercise, 9 July 2013
file:Ukrainian Ground Forces paratroopers assigned to the 95th Separate Airborne Brigade move off a drop zone in Yavoriv, Ukraine, July 9, 2013, after conducting an airborne operation as part of Rapid Trident 2013 130709-O-ZZ999-007-UA.jpg|Paratroopers of the 95th Airmobile Brigade return from the landing zone, 9 July 2013
A Ukrainian marine radios back to base during exercise Rapid Trident 2014 in Yavoriv, Ukraine, Sept 140923-A-DO651-004.jpg|Ukrainian soldiers during "Rapid Trident 2014," 23 September 2014
Rapid Trident 2014 14.jpg|Military personnel of the countries participating in the "Rapid Trident 2014" exercise assembled in front of the training center's command post, 19 September 2014
U.S. Soldiers with the U.S. Army Europe Band and Chorus perform during Rapid Trident 2014 in Yavoriv, Ukraine, Sept 140920-A-DO651-008.jpg|Performance of the American vocal and instrumental group before the participants of the "Rapid Trident 2014" exercise, 20 September 2014
</gallery>
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}
==External links==
*<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbD4WBqPg4`British soldier volunteer that was in Yavoriv base]
[[Category:Military training facilities]]
[[Category:Military installations of the Wehrmacht]]
[[Category:Military installations of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Ukraine–NATO relations]]
[[Category:2022Buildings Russianand invasionstructures ofin UkraineLviv Oblast]]
[[Category:HistoryYavoriv of Lviv OblastRaion]]
[[Category:March 2022 events in Ukraine]]
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