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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->{{Infobox settlement
| name = Lonar
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = Marathi
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Town]]
| nickname =
| settlement_typeimage_skyline = Lonar Sarovar lake = TownMaharastra.jpg
| image_skyline image_alt =
| image_caption = Aerial view of Lonar crater lake in Buldhana district (Maharashtra)
| image_alt =
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| image_caption = Aerial view of Lonar crater
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|19.98|N|76.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| subdivision_type = Country
| coordinates = {{coord|19.98|N|76.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Buldhana district|Buldhana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| subdivision_name2 = [[Buldhana district|Buldhana]]
| established_date =
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_datefounder = Indian ecological = dept
| founder named_for = Indian ecological dept
| named_for government_type =
| government_type governing_body =
| governing_body unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref area_footnotes = Metric
| area_footnotes area_rank =
| area_rank area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes elevation_m = 563
| population_total = 20082
| elevation_m = 563
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_total = 20082
| population_rank =
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_footnotes =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| population_footnotes =
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Hindi]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 timezone1 = [[MarathiIndian Standard languageTime|MarathiIST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code = 443302<ref name="pincode">{{cite web|url=https://pin-code.net/in-loc/lonar-pin-code/365799/|title=Lonar Pin code|publisher=pin-code.net|accessdate=19 July 2021}}</ref>
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| registration_plate =
| postal_code = 443302<ref name="pincode">{{cite web|url=https://pin-code.net/in-loc/lonar-pin-code/365799/|title=Lonar Pin code|publisher=pin-code.net|accessdate=19 July 2021}}</ref>
| registration_plate website =
| website footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Lonar''' is a [[town]], just 79 km from [[Buldhana|Buldhana city]] and [[municipal council]] in [[Buldhana district]] of [[Vidarbha]] region of the [[India]]n [[states of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]]. The town is the headquarter of Lonar [[taluka]] and is located near [[Mehkar]].
 
Lonar is famous for [[Lonar crater]] and Lonar Lake, which is located at {{Coord|19|58|N|76|30|E |region:IN-MH_type:waterbody |name=Lonar Lake}}. It is a [[meteorite]] crater created in the Pleistocene Epoch. The crater contains salt water lake is 1.8&nbsp;km in diameter and is about 137&nbsp;m below the level of the crater rim. A small fresh water stream drains into the lake. Due to [[evaporite]] effects, the lake is mineral rich and salty and sodium and potassium salts are extracted from it.
 
==Geography==
Lonar is situated around 360&nbsp;km from [[Nagpur]], around 100&nbsp;km from [[Buldhana]], around 100&nbsp;km from [[Akola]], 550&nbsp;km from [[Mumbai]], around 160&nbsp;km from [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] and around 140&nbsp;km southeast of the [[Ajanta Caves]], about 4½&nbsp;hours drive via [[Buldhana]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theindia.info/travel/lonarcrater.htm |title=Lonar Meteorite Crater, Maharastra - The India Info: Speaking about Life and Travel in India |website=www.theindia.info |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510045028/http://www.theindia.info/travel/lonarcrater.htm |archive-date=2012-05-10}} </ref>
 
Lonar town is located at {{Coord|19|59|06|N|76|31|23|E |scale:20000_region:IN-MH_type:city |name=Lonar}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/16/Lonar.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Lonar]</ref> It has an average elevation of 563&nbsp;m (1847&nbsp;[[foot (length)|feet]]).
 
==Demographics==
As of the 2001 Indian [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Lonar had a population of 20,082. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Lonar has an average literacy rate of 66%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 58%. In Lonar, 16% of the population is under 6&nbsp;years of age.
 
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |Year
! rowspan="2" |Male
! rowspan="2" |Female
! rowspan="2" |Total Population
! rowspan="2" |Change
! colspan="8" |Religion (%)
|-
!Hindu
!Muslim
!Christian
!Sikhs
!Buddhist
!Jain
!Other religions and persuasions
!Religion not stated
|-
|2001<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21494/download/24626/PC01_C01_27.xls Census India 2001].</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" |10388
| style="text-align:right;" |9694
| style="text-align:right;" |20082
| style="text-align:center;" | -
| style="text-align:right;" |55.089
| style="text-align:right;" |32.243
| style="text-align:right;" |0.080
| style="text-align:right;" |0.045
| style="text-align:right;" |8.127
| style="text-align:right;" |4.258
| style="text-align:right;" |0.105
| style="text-align:right;" |0.055
|-
|2011<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11382/download/14495/DDW27C-01%20MDDS.XLS Census India 2011].</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" |12114
| style="text-align:right;" |11302
| style="text-align:right;" |23416
| style="text-align:right;" |0.166
| style="text-align:right;" |52.985
| style="text-align:right;" |35.194
| style="text-align:right;" |0.056
| style="text-align:right;" |0.004
| style="text-align:right;" |8.071
| style="text-align:right;" |3.557
| style="text-align:right;" |0.004
| style="text-align:right;" |0.128
|}
{{Graph:Chart
| width=400
| height=150
| xAxisTitle=Year
| yAxisFormat = %
| showSymbols =
|colors = orange,green,blue,red,pink,grey,purple,black
| yAxisTitle=Religion
| legend=
| y1Title=Hindu
| y2Title=Muslim
| y3Title=Christian
| y4Title=Sikhs
| y5Title=Buddhist
| y6Title=Jain
| y7Title=Other
| y8Title=Religion not stated
| x=2001,2011
| type = line
| y1=0.55089,0.52985
| y2=0.32243,0.35194
| y3=0.0008,0.00056
| y4=0.00045,0.00004
| y5=0.08127,0.08071
| y6=0.04258,0.03557
| y7=0.00105,0.00004
| y8=0.00055,0.00128
}}
{{Graph:Chart
| width=400
| height=150
| xAxisTitle=Year
| yAxisFormat = %
| showSymbols =
|colors = orange,green,blue,red,pink,grey,purple,black
| yAxisTitle=Religion
| legend=
| y1Title=Hindu
| y2Title=Muslim
| y3Title=Christian
| y4Title=Sikhs
| y5Title=Buddhist
| y6Title=Jain
| y7Title=Other
| y8Title=Religion not stated
| x=2001,2011
| type = rect
| y1=0.55089,0.52985
| y2=0.32243,0.35194
| y3=0.0008,0.00056
| y4=0.00045,0.00004
| y5=0.08127,0.08071
| y6=0.04258,0.03557
| y7=0.00105,0.00004
| y8=0.00055,0.00128
}}
 
==Lonar crater==
{{main|Lonar crater}}
{{wide image|Lonar Panorama.JPG|900px|Panoramic view of Lonar Crater|center}}
The [[Lonar crater]] is the world's only salt water lake in [[basalt]]ic rock, believed to have been caused by a meteorite hitting Earth around 52,000 years ago.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1038/ismej.2010.70 | volume=4 | title=Active methylotrophs in the sediments of Lonar Lake, a saline and alkaline ecosystem formed by meteor impact | year=2010 | journal=The ISME Journal | pages=1470–1480 | last1 = Paul Antony | first1 = Chakkiath | last2 = Kumaresan | first2 = Deepak | last3 = Ferrando | first3 = Lucia | last4 = Boden | first4 = Rich | last5 = Moussard | first5 = Hélène | last6 = Fernández Scavino | first6 = Ana | last7 = Shouche | first7 = Yogesh S | last8 = Murrell | first8 = J Colin| issue=11 | pmid=20555363 | doi-access = free }}</ref> It is surrounded by forests with a large variety of birds, particularly [[peacock]]s, [[owl]]s, [[red-wattled lapwing]]s and [[duck]]s.
 
===Flora and fauna===
Line 82 ⟶ 184:
[[File:Maharashtra Tourism Information Board at Lonar Crater.jpg|thumb|right|Maharashtra Tourism Information Board at Lonar Crater depicting information about the same]]
 
The nearest [[train station]]s are Shegaon near Khamgaon and [[Malkapur, Buldana|Malkapur]] near [[Bhusawal]] railway-junction, on the [[Mumbai]]-[[Bhusawal]]-[[Nagpur]] route of [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] of Indian Railways and is around 100&nbsp;km from Lonar. Buses also run to Lonar from Nagpur, Akola, Buldhana, Malkapur, Jalna and JalnaNanded.
 
If travelling from [[Nagpur]], one must take a bus till Mehkar near [[Washim]] and then head to Lonar. From Mumbai or Pune, the most convenient route is to first reach Aurangabad via bus (Mumbai and Pune) or train/flight (from Mumbai only) and then take a state transport bus to Lonar. From Pune, air-conditioned and regular buses run every hour from the Shivajinagar bus stand to Aurangabad.
Line 99 ⟶ 201:
|East = [[Risod]]([[Washim district]])
|Southeast =
|South = [[Mantha, Jalna|Mantha]]
|Southwest = [[Partur]],([[Jalna district]])
|West = [[Sindkhed Raja]], [[Bibi]], [[Sultanpur Lodhi|Sultanpur]]
|Northwest = [[Chikhali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Chikhali]]
}}
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